Soumya Mukherjee

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• PhD in Chemistry
• Assistant Professor at University of Limerick

Selecting for ethylene Purification of ethylene from other gases produced during its synthesis, such as acetylene, ethane, and carbon dioxide, is an energy-intensive process. Chen et al. use a mixture of microporous metal-organic framework physisorbents that are selective for one of these four gases. A series of sorbents in a packed-bed geometry pr...

The high energy footprint of commodity gas purification and increasing demand for gases require new approaches to gas separation. Kinetic separation of gas mixtures through molecular sieving can enable separation by molecular size or shape exclusion. Physisorbents must exhibit the right pore diameter to enable separation, but the 0.3–0.4 nm range r...

Pyrazine‐linked hybrid ultramicroporous (pore size <7 Å) materials (HUMs) offer benchmark performance for trace carbon capture thanks to strong selectivity for CO2 over small gas molecules, including light hydrocarbons. That the prototypal pyrazine‐linked HUMs are amenable to crystal engineering has enabled second generation HUMs to supersede the p...

The confluence of pervasiveness, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in freshwater contaminants presents an environmental threat second to none. Exemplifying this trifecta, per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) present an alarming hazard among the emerging contaminants. State‐of‐the‐art PFAS adsorbents used in drinking water treatment, namely, activ...

The chemical industry represents ca. 7% of the global GDP and 40% of its immense energy footprint stems from the separation/purification processes of commodity chemicals, particularly downstream processing of hydrocarbons. Of critical importance is the separation of C6 cyclic hydrocarbons benzene (C6H6) and cyclohexane (C6H12). Supplanting thermall...

A nanopore engineering approach enhances acetylene (C₂H₂) over carbon dioxide (CO₂) selectivity in ionic ultramicroporous polymers (IUPs), an understudied class of sorbents. Extending the cationic arm of a prototypical IUP nearly doubles its C₂H₂/CO₂ selectivity from 4.9 to 8.5 (at 298 K, 1 bar), underpinned by further observations from dynamic sep...

Guest transport through discrete voids (closed pores) in crystalline solids is poorly understood. Herein, we report the gas sorption properties of a nonporous coordination network, {[Co(bib)2Cl2] ⋅ 2MeOH}n (sql‐bib‐Co‐Cl‐α), featuring square lattice (sql) topology and the bent linker 1,3‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene (bib). The as‐synthesized sql‐bi...

By tuning the interfacial chemistry of water-stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polymer-MOF hybrids, sorbent filters were developed for rapid, recyclable, and efficient PFAS removal, even at concentrations as low as two parts per billion. More details can be found in article number 2413120 by Jörg E. Drewes, Roland A. Fischer, Soumya Mukher...

Guest transport through discrete voids (closed pores) in crystalline solids is poorly understood. Herein, we report the gas sorption properties of a nonporous coordination network, [Co(bib)2Cl2]n·2MeOH (sql‐bib‐Co‐Cl‐α), featuring square lattice (sql) topology and the bent linker 1,3‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene (bib). The as‐synthesized sql‐bib‐Co...

2D and 3D porous coordination networks (PCNs) as exemplified by metal–organic frameworks, MOFs, have garnered interest for their potential utility as sorbents for molecular separations and storage. The inherent modularity of PCNs has enabled the development of crystal engineering strategies for systematic fine-tuning of pore size and chemistry in f...

Hybrid coordination networks, sustained by divalent transition metal ions and a combination of organic and inorganic linker ligands, are an emerging class of physisorbents for adsorptive gas and vapour capture,...

Surface modulation strategies have spurred great interest with regard to regulating the morphology, dispersion and flexible processability of materials. Unsurprisingly, customized modulation of surfaces is primed to offer a route to control their electronic functions. To regulate electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption applications by surface enginee...

Hybrid ultramicroporous materials (HUMs) comprised of combinations of organic and inorganic linker ligands are a leading class of physisorbents for trace separations involving C1, C2 and C3 gases. First generation HUMs are modular in nature since they can be self-assembled from transition metal cations, ditopic linkers and inorganic “pillars”, as e...

Structural metamorphosis of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) eliciting highly active metal-hydroxide catalysts has come to the fore lately, with much promise. However, the role of organic ligands leaching into electrolytes during alkaline hydrolysis remains unclear. Here, we elucidate the influence of organic carboxylate anions on a family of Ni or...

Flexible metal–organic materials (FMOMs) with stepped isotherms can offer enhanced working capacity in storage applications such as adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage. Unfortunately, whereas >1000 FMOMs are known, only a handful exhibit methane uptake of >150 cm³/cm³ at 65 atm and 298 K, conditions relevant to ANG. Here, we report a double-walled 2...

A decade ago, Zaworotko and co-workers engaged the principles of crystal engineering to demonstrate that narrow-pore (<0.7 nm) coordination networks are ideal sorbent platforms for small-molecule sorbates. This approach transformed sorbent design for such separations and has provided several performance benchmarks in trace gas capture-enabled purif...

Propane (C3H8) is a widely used fuel gas. Metal–organic framework (MOF) physisorbents that are C3H8 selective offer the potential to significantly reduce the energy footprint for capturing C3H8 from natural gas, where C3H8 is typically present as a minor component. Here we report the C3H8 recovery performance of a previously unreported lonsdaleite,...

Herein, we introduce a new square lattice topology coordination network, sql-(1,3-bib)(ndc)-Ni, with three types of connection and detail its gas and vapour induced phase transformations. Exposure to humidity resulted in...

Chiral metal–organic materials, CMOMs, are of interest as they can offer selective binding sites for chiral guests. Such binding sites can enable CMOMs to serve as chiral crystalline sponges (CCSs) to determine molecular structure and/or purify enantiomers. We recently reported on the chiral recognition properties of a homochiral cationic diamondoi...

Medicines and pesticides are being used excessively, misused, or abused, resulting in major environmental contamination and, more specifically, water pollution. Remediation of these anthropogenic wastes in ambient water holds key...

A hydrogen-bonded organic framework reversibly forms crystalline and amorphous phases in solid and liquid states, enabling solution processability for the polymer-based framework.

Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported to catalyze the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Despite the established links between the pristine MOFs and their derived metal hydroxide electrocatalysts, several limitations still preclude understanding of the critical factors determining the OER performance. Of prime importance appears the choi...

Chiral metal−organic materials (CMOMs), can offer molecular binding sites that mimic the enantioselectivity exhibited by biomolecules and are amenable to systematic fine-tuning of structure and properties. Herein, we report that the reaction of Ni(NO 3) 2 , S-indoline-2-carboxylic acid (S-IDECH), and 4,4′-bipyridine (bipy) afforded a homochiral cat...

Leveraging size effects, nanoparticles of metal‐organic frameworks, nanoMOFs, have recently gained traction, amplifying their scopes in electrochemical sensing. However, their synthesis, especially under eco‐friendly ambient conditions remains an unmet challenge. Herein, an ambient and fast secondary building unit (SBU)‐assisted synthesis (SAS) rou...

Dielectric materials with higher energy storage and electromagnetic (EM) energy conversion are in high demand to advance electronic devices, military stealth, and mitigate EM wave pollution. Existing dielectric materials for high‐energy‐storage electronics and dielectric loss electromagnetic wave absorbers are studied toward realizing these goals,...

Current energy and environmental challenges demand the development and design of multifunctional porous materials with tunable properties for catalysis, water purification, and energy conversion and storage. Because of their amenability to de novo reticular chemistry, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have become key materials in this area. However,...

An isoreticular family of metal–organic frameworks is post-synthetically subjected to polymer grafting. Surface hydrophobicity analysis, adsorption experiments, and impedance spectroscopy characterise the water molecules adsorbed, both on the surface and in the pores, while resolving how molecular mobility is impacted.

Thanks to the lifespan and efficiency benchmarks set by the current generation of white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), the lighting industry is quickly replacing traditional LEDs that use monochromatic light. Building upon research advances in framework solids for WLEDs and capitalizing on their bottom-up design principles, modular crystalline hybr...

Although pyrazine‐linked hybrid ultramicroporous materials (HUMs, pore size <7 Å) are benchmark physisorbents for trace carbon dioxide (CO2) capture under dry conditions, their affinity for water (H2O) mitigates their carbon capture performance in humid conditions. Herein, we report on the co‐adsorption of H2O and CO2 by TIFSIX‐3‐Ni—a high CO2 affi...

Electrochemical methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) serves as a key route for renewable energy technologies. However, unmet challenges remain in the preparation of low-cost, efficient and robust electrocatalysts for MOR. Herein, a porphyrinic metal-organic framework (MOF) with spatially isolated Ni centres is prepared. Upon pyrolysis, this affords a...

Nanoporous Materials In article number 2201502, David Fairen‐Jimenez and co‐workers conduct a round‐robin exercise by providing 18 already‐measured adsorption isotherms to sixty‐one labs and show that the reproducibility of the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) area determination in micro‐ and mesoporous materials remains a largely ignored issue. To sol...

[Zn(3-tba)2], 1, a 1-D coordination polymer synthesised as 1 DMA, 1α, transformed to a nonporous form, 1β, upon activation. 1β underwent further transformation to the dimeric complex [Zn(3-tba)2(H2O)2], 2, above 40% RH. The reverse transformations, 2 to 1β and 1β to 1α, were accomplished by heating and exposure to DMA, respectively, and were single...

Although pyrazine‐linked hybrid ultramicroporous materials (HUMs, pore size < 7 Å) are benchmark physisorbents for trace carbon dioxide (CO2) capture under dry conditions, their affinity for water (H2O) mitigates their carbon capture performance in humid conditions. Herein, we report on the co‐adsorption of H2O and CO2 by TIFSIX‐3‐Ni—a high CO2 aff...

Porosity and surface area analysis play a prominent role in modern materials science. At the heart of this sits the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, which has been a remarkably successful contribution to the field of materials science. The BET method was developed in the 1930s for open surfaces but is now the most widely used metric for the est...

Understanding the electrode/electrolyte interface is crucial for optimizing electrocatalytic performances. Here, we demonstrate that the nature of alkali metal cations can profoundly impact the oxygen evolution activity of surface‐mounted metal–organic framework (SURMOF) derived electrocatalysts, which are based on NiFe(OOH). In situ Raman spectros...

Understanding the electrode/electrolyte interface is crucial for optimizing electrocatalytic performances. Here, we demonstrate that the nature of alkali metal cations can profoundly impact the oxygen evolution activity of surface‐mounted metal‐organic framework (SURMOF) derived electrocatalysts, which are based on NiFe(OOH). In‐situ Raman spectros...

The Cover Feature illustrates that in electrocatalysis, avoiding energy‐intensive post‐treatments (such as calcination and pyrolysis) contributes to the much‐needed transition from a “burning planet” of today to a greener and cleaner tomorrow. More information can be found in the Review by S. Mukherjee et al.

Porosity and surface area analysis play a prominent role in modern materials science, where their determination spans the fields of natural sciences, engineering, geology and medical research. At the heart of this sits the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory,[1] which has been a remarkably successful contribution to the field of materials science....

Taking cognizance of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7 “affordable and clean energy”, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and derived materials have spurred research interest in electrocatalysis. New findings have made headway in water splitting (oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction) and other electrocatalysis, incl...

Energy‐efficient selective physisorption driven C2H2 separation from industrial C2‐C1 impurities such as C2H4, CO2 and CH4 is of great importance in the purification of downstream commodity chemicals. We address this challenge employing a series of isoreticular cationic metal‐organic frameworks, namely iMOF‐nC (n=5, 6, 7). All three square lattice...

Many engineering technologies such as electronic cooling and thermal desalination exemplify the enhancement of evaporation and boiling heat transfer by surface modification. Nevertheless, the core parameters of heat transfer such as critical heat flux and heat transfer coefficient are associated with surface wettability and morphology. Herein, for...

Energy-efficient selective physisorption driven C2H2 separation from industrial C2-C1 impurities such as C2H4, CO2 and CH4 marks high importance in the purification of downstream commodity chemicals. We address this challenge employing a series of isoreticular cationic metal-organic frameworks, namely iMOF-nC (n = 5, 6, 7). All three square lattice...

One-step adsorptive purification of ethylene (C2H4) from four-component gas mixtures comprising acetylene (C2H2), ethylene (C2H4), ethane (C2H6) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is an unmet challenge in the area of commodity purification. Herein, we report that the ultra-microporous sorbent Zn-atz-oba (H2oba = 4,4-dicarboxyl diphenyl ether; Hatz = 3-amino-...

Thanks to a bottom-up Lego® design of metals and organic ligands, the library of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have seen a conspicuous growth. Post-synthetically modified MOFs comprise a relatively smaller subset of this library. Whereas the approach of post-synthetic modification was seminally introduced to MOFs in the early 90's, earliest examp...

Water is ubiquitous on planet Earth. Whereas freshwater is proverbially mentioned as life, water in its vapor and liquid forms is infamous as a nemesis to solid adsorbents/catalysts in terms of negatively impacting their relevant performance parameters. Despite early promises, modularly composed metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are no exception to t...

The trade-off between selectivity and adsorption capacity with porous materials is a major roadblock to reducing the energy footprint of gas separation technologies. To address this matter, we report herein a systematic crystal engineering study of C2H2 removal from CO2 in a family of hybrid ultramicroporous materials (HUMs). The HUMs are composed...

Electrochemical sensors are indispensable in clinical diagnosis, biochemical detection and environmental monitoring, thanks to their ability to detect analytes in real‐time with direct electronic readout. However, electrochemical sensors are challenged by sensitivity—the need to detect low concentrations, and selectivity—to detect specific analytes...

Die Integration eines porphyrinischen metallorganischen Gerüsts auf einer leitfähigen Indium-Zinn-Oxid-Oberfläche ergibt einen elektrochemischen Sensor, Mn-PCN-222/ITO. Dank der Detektion mehrerer anorganischer Ionen, organischer Gefahrstoffe und Schadstoffe zeigt Mn-PCN-222/ITO eine vielseitige Sensorik mit niedrigen Nachweisgrenzen. Benchmark-Sen...

Coordination networks (CNs) are a class of (usually) crystalline solids typically comprised of metal ions or cluster nodes linked into 2 or 3 dimensions by organic and/or inorganic linker ligands. Whereas CNs tend to exhibit rigid structures and permanent porosity as exemplified by most metal-organic frameworks, MOFs, there exists a small but growi...

Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) are an emerging class of porous materials composed of organic linkers and metal centers/clusters. The integration of MOFs onto the solid surface as thin films/coatings has spurred great interest, thanks to leveraging control over their morphology (such as size-and shape-regulated crystals) and orientation, flexible p...

Molecular decoders are single host matrices able to differentiate analytes by their distinct structural accommodations. Ten years ago, Susumu Kitagawa and co-workers described the prototypical molecular decoder and paved the way for molecular sensing. We now revisit this seminal study and discuss some of the advances that have followed.

Porosity and surface area analysis play a prominent role in modern materials science, where 123 their determination spans the fields of natural sciences, engineering, geology and medical 124 research. At the heart of this sits the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory,[1] which has been 125 a remarkably successful contribution to the field of materia...

A facile capillary‐driven liquid‐imbibition approach is developed in article number 2006980 by Guang Yang, Roland A. Fischer, and co‐workers for in situ tracking of transient heat release at the wetting front of surface‐mounted metal–organic frameworks (SURMOFs) on cellulosic fiber papers. As an advancement to the state‐of‐the‐art in trace‐solvent...

Open framework materials (OFMs), such as metal‐organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks have emerged as promising electrocatalysts to address the global energy crisis and environmental problems. Powdered non‐film forms, that is, bulk OFMs exhibit excellent catalytic activities toward electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction, water splitt...

Obtaining homochiral compounds is of high importance to human health and environmental sustainability. Currently, enantioseparation is one of the most effective approaches to obtain homochiral compounds. Thanks to their controlled synthesis and high efficiency, homochiral metal-organic frameworks (HMOFs) are one of the most widely studied porous ma...

Transient heat generation during guest adsorption and host–guest interactions is a natural phenomenon in metal–organic framework (MOF) chemistry. However, in situ tracking of such MOF released heat is an insufficiently researched field due to the fast heat dissipation to the surroundings. Herein, a facile capillary‐driven liquid‐imbibition approach...

Pyrazine‐linked hybrid ultramicroporous (pore size <7 Å) materials (HUMs) offer benchmark performance for trace carbon capture thanks to strong selectivity for CO2 over small gas molecules, including light hydrocarbons. That the prototypal pyrazine‐linked HUMs are amenable to crystal engineering has enabled second generation HUMs to supersede the p...

Ethylene production from C2 hydrocarbon mixtures through one separation step is desirable but challenging because of the similar size and physical properties of acetylene, ethylene, and ethane. Herein, we report three new isostructural porous coordination networks (NPU-1, NPU-2, NPU-3; NPU represents Northwestern Polytechnical University) that are...

Here we report the formation of three distinct Sn-based active materials for Li-ion battery anodes, formed from the same metal−organic material (MOM) precursor sql-1-Cu-SNIFSIX. The materials were obtained under three different anneal conditions in air, Ar, and a Se-rich atmosphere, leading to the selective formation of SnO2/CuO/C (oxide), Cu6Sn5/C...

Integration of porphyrin based metal-organic frameworks (PP-MOFs) on solid surface has emerged as a key advancement in terms of exploring their promising applications. However, a great challenge remains unmet when it comes to successfully fabricating a PP-MOF film with crystallinity, controllable orientation, adjustable morphology and thickness, al...

C2H2/CO2 separation is an industrially important process that remains challenging because of the similar physicochemical properties of C2H2 and CO2. We herein report that the new square lattice (sql) coordination network [Cu (bipy-xylene)2(NO3)2]n, sql-16-Cu-NO3 , 16 = bipy-xylene = 4,4′-(2,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene)dipyridine, exists in at least th...

Physical separations can be superior to chemical separations when it comes to energetics and kinetics, especially when ideal sieving is feasible among hard‐to‐separate gas mixtures. Unfortunately, for industrial gases a very precise pore window size which must be ultramicroporous is needed for ideal sieving. In their Research Article (DOI: 10.1002/...

Physikalische Trennungen können chemischen Trennungen überlegen sein, das gilt insbesondere für Siebverfahren schwierig zu trennender Gasgemische. Ein ideales Sieben von industriellen Gasen erfordert jedoch eine sehr präzise, ultramikroporöse Porenfenstergröße. In ihrem Forschungsartikel (DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006414) beschreiben Y. Huang, M. J. Zaw...

Crystal engineering, the field of chemistry that studies the design, properties, and applications of crystals, is exemplified by the emergence over the past thirty years of porous coordination networks (PCNs), including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and hybrid coordination networks (HCNs). PCNs have now come of age thanks to their amenability to...

Separation of the C8 aromatic isomers, p-xylene (PX), m-xylene (MX), o-xylene (OX) and ethylbenzene (EB), is relevant thanks to their widespread application as chemical feedstocks but challenging because of their similar boiling points and close molecular dimensions. Physisorptive separation could offer an energy-efficient solution to this challeng...

The high energy footprint of commodity gas purification and ever‐increasing demand for gases require new approaches to gas separation. Kinetic separation of gas mixtures through molecular sieving can enable “ideal” separation through molecular size or shape exclusion. Physisorbents must exhibit just the right pore diameter to enable such ideal sepa...

Breaking up is hard to do, especially for acetylene and carbon dioxide, but benchmark separation with selectivity for these gases has been accomplished in a crystal engineered family of ultramicroporous metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) thanks to acetylene binding sweet spots enabled by HCCH⋅⋅⋅halogen interactions.

Crystal engineering, the field of chemistry that studies the design, properties, and applications of crystals, is exemplified by the emergence of coordination networks (CNs). CNs are comprised of metal cations or metal clusters linked into 2D or 3D networks by organic and/or inorganic ligands. Early studies on CNs tended to focus upon design using...

Acetylene (C2H2) capture is a step in a number of industrial processes, but it comes with a high‐energy footprint. Although physisorbents have the potential to reduce this energy footprint, they are handicapped by generally poor selectivity versus other relevant gases, such as CO2 and C2H4. In the case of CO2, the respective physicochemical propert...

[Cu(4-phenylpyridine) 4 (trifluoromethanesulfonate) 2 ] is a new Werner complex that exhibits switching behaviour between non-porous (apohost) and porous (guest-loaded) phases upon exposure to o-xylene but not when exposed to other C8 isomers. High...

CO 2 accumulation in confined spaces represents an increasing environmental and health problem. Trace CO 2 capture remains an unmet challenge because human health risks can occur at 1000 parts per million (ppm), a level that challenges current generations of chemisorbents (high energy footprint and slow kinetics) and physisorbents (poor selectivity...

This review paper focuses on various gas processing technologies and materials that efficiently capture trace levels of carbon dioxide (CO2). Fundamental separation mechanisms such as absorption, adsorption, and distillation technology are presented. Liquid amine-based carbon capture (C-capture) technologies have been in existence for over half a c...

Coordination networks that reversibly switch between closed and open phases are of topical interest since their stepped isotherms can offer higher working capacities for gas‐storage applications than the related rigid porous coordination networks. To be of practical utility, the pressures at which switching occurs, the gate‐opening and gate‐closing...

Coordination networks that reversibly switch between closed and open phases are of topical interest since their stepped isotherms can offer higher working capacity for gas storage applications than related rigid porous coordination networks. In order to be of practical utility, the pressures at which switching occurs, the gate‐opening and gate‐clos...

Cage compounds: Metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) are discrete, metal–organic molecular entities composed of edge‐sharing molecular polygons or connected molecular vertices that offer much promise as porous materials owing to their well‐defined structures and solution processability. More information can be found in the Minireview by Sujit K. Ghosh et...

Metal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) are discrete, metal–organic molecular entities composed of edge‐sharing molecular polygons or connected molecular vertices. Unlike the infinite metal–organic coordination networks popularized by metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), spherical MOPs, also known as nanocages, nanospheres, nanocapsules, or nanoballs, are obtai...

Carboxylic acid linker ligands are known to form strong metal-carboxylate bonds to afford many different variations of permanently microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). A controlled approach to decarboxylation of the ligands in carboxylate-based MOFs could result in structural modifications, offering scope to improve existing properties or t...

CO2, an anthropogenic greenhouse gas, is accountable for global warming, ocean acidification, and is an impurity in several industrially important gas mixtures. Advanced CO2 capture (C-capture) technologies with low energy footprints must emerge if society is to transition to a sustainable low-carbon economy. Herein we address the state-of-the-art...

Metal-organic frameworks, popularly known as MOFs, have come of age-thanks to custom-built design principles enabling them to serve a myriad of task-specific applications. In an era where >6000 new MOFs are annually published, driven by academic research, a new generation of MOFs that can find use in niche markets is on the rise. One of the foremos...

Purification of the C8 aromatics (xylenes and ethylbenzene) is particularly challenging because of their similar physical properties. It is also relevant because of their industrial utility. Physisorptive separation of C8 aromatics has long been suggested as an energy efficient solution but no physisorbent has yet combined high selectivity (>5) wit...