Sonoo thadaney Israni

• Stanford Medicine

This chapter begins with the need for JEDI (justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion) prioritization, outlines climate change and its impact on human health, delves into the ripple effect on adolescent mental health, and concludes with best practices for addressing youth adversity and trauma exposure.

Purpose: Restorative Justice (RJ) as a practice and mindset is growing within academic medicine and health care. The authors aim to categorize the extent to which RJ training and practices have been researched, explored, and applied within health care, medicine, and academic contexts. Methods: In July 2021, the authors conducted a scoping literatur...

Purpose for Review This perspective piece has two goals: first, to describe issues related to artificial intelligence-based applications for cancer control as they may impact health inequities or disparities; and second, to report on a review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of artificial intelligence-based tools for cancer control to ascert...

This cross-sectional study examines the death rates among active and nonactive physicians aged 45 to 84 years.

Dismantling racism in health care demands that medical education promote racial justice throughout all stages of medical training. However, racial bias can be fostered unintentionally, influencing the way we make decisions as clinicians with downstream effects on patient health and health equity. The development of any anti-racism curriculum in med...

Objective: To identify communication practices that clinicians can use to address racism faced by Black patients, build trusting relationships, and empower Black individuals in clinical care. Data sources: Qualitative data (N=112 participants, August 2020 to March 2021) collected in partnership with clinics primarily serving Black patients in Le...

Context: Anti-Black racism is firmly rooted in US healthcare, but many clinicians do not have the tools and language to question their biases and address racism in clinical practice, eg biased communication practices such as "non-compliance" in medical documentation. Objective: Presence 5 for Racial Justice (P5RJ) leverages the Presence 5 patient-p...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to significantly impact healthcare systems, including clinical diagnosis, healthcare administration and delivery, and public health infrastructures. In the context of the Quintuple Aim of healthcare (patient outcomes, cost reduction, population impact, provider wellness, and equity/inclusion), this chapter dis...

Introduction: Anti-Black racism has strong roots in American health care and medical education. While curricula on social determinants of health are increasingly common in medical training, curricula directly addressing anti-Black racism are limited. Existing frameworks like the Presence 5 framework for humanism in medicine can be adapted to devel...

Importance: Overwhelming evidence that anti-Black racism is associated with health inequities is driving clinician demand for antiracism practices that promote health equity. Objective: To investigate how nonmedical professionals address personally mediated, institutional, and internalized racism and to adapt these practices for the clinical set...

Objective Although social and environmental factors are central to provider–patient interactions, the data that reflect these factors can be incomplete, vague, and subjective. We sought to create a conceptual framework to describe and classify data about presence, the domain of interpersonal connection in medicine. Methods Our top-down approach fo...

This case series study examines mortality rates due to COVID-19 among all physicians and international medical graduate physicians in the US.

Objective Although social and environmental factors are central to provider patient interactions, the data that reflect these factors can be incomplete, vague, and subjective. We sought to create a conceptual framework to describe and classify data about presence, the domain of interpersonal connection in medicine. Methods Our top down approach for...

Initial reports indicate widespread increases in intimate partner violence (IPV) rates during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Women veterans are at particular risk for experiencing IPV, and the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting stay-at-home orders may be exacerbating this risk. IPV screening and intervention are an integral part of...

Pediatric practice increasingly involves providing care for children with medical complexity. Telehealth offers a strategy for providers and health care systems to improve care for these patients and their families. However, lack of awareness related to the unintended negative consequences of telehealth on vulnerable populations--coupled with failu...

UNSTRUCTURED Since Henrietta Lacks’ death from cervical cancer, so-called HeLa cells have become a ubiquitous substrate for scientific advancement. Such scientific advancement has bred innovation, and innovation, profit. Yet, these innovations have been unevenly distributed across demographic groups. To ensure the ethical conduct of research and th...

Background: Human connection is at the heart of medical care, but questions remain as to the effectiveness of interpersonal interventions. The purpose of this review was to characterize the associations between patient-provider interpersonal interventions and the quadruple aim outcomes (population health, patient experience, cost, and provider exp...

Importance Time constraints, technology, and administrative demands of modern medicine often impede the human connection that is central to clinical care, contributing to physician and patient dissatisfaction. Objective To identify evidence and narrative-based practices that promote clinician presence, a state of awareness, focus, and attention wi...

The promise of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care offers substantial opportunities to improve patient and clinical team outcomes, reduce costs, and influence population health. Current data generation greatly exceeds human cognitive capacity to effectively manage information, and AI is likely to have an important and complementary role to...

Technologies leveraging big data, including predictive algorithms and machine learning, are playing an increasingly important role in the delivery of healthcare. However, evidence indicates that such algorithms have the potential to worsen disparities currently intrinsic to the contemporary healthcare system, including racial biases. Blame for thes...

Objective We sought to investigate the concept and practices of ‘clinician presence’, exploring how physicians and professionals create connection, engage in interpersonal interaction, and build trust with individuals across different circumstances and contexts. Design In 2017–2018, we conducted qualitative semistructured interviews with 10 physic...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Interest in machine-learning applications within medicine has been growing, but few studies have progressed to deployment in patient care. We present a framework, context and ultimately guidelines for accelerating the translation of machine-learning-based interventions in health care. To be successful, translation will require a team of engaged sta...

BACKGROUND: While barriers to physician wellness have been well detailed, concrete solutions are lacking. OBJECTIVE: We looked to professionals across diversefields whose work requires engagement and interpersonalconnection with clients. The goal was to identify effective strategies from non-medical fields that could be applied to preserve physicia...

Background Case-based teaching with real patient cases provides benefit of simulating real-world cognition. However, while clinical practice involves a prospective approach to cases, preclinical instruction typically involves full disclosure of case content to faculty, introducing hindsight bias into faculty teaching in medical curricula. Methods...

If human intelligence is the learned ability to gain from experience and the capacity to handle unfamiliar situations and manipulate abstract concepts while using experience and knowledge to change the world, then the concept of artificial intelligence (AI)—a huge advance in data processing and computing—would not easily compare with true human int...

In today's hospital and clinic environment, the obstacles to bedside teaching for both faculty and trainees are considerable. As electronic health record systems become increasingly prevalent, trainees are spending more time performing patient care tasks from computer workstations, limiting opportunities to learn at the bedside. Physical examinatio...