Soghra Mehri

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• Professor
• Professor at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a clinical disorder characterized by the release of potentially toxic muscle cell components into the bloodstream, with acute kidney injury (AKI). Trans-sodium crocetinate (TSC) is derived from the carotenoid crocetin known for its renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the p...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a hazardous chemical found in various products, including epoxy resins, polycarbonate plastic, canned foods, and beverage containers. Exposure to BPA can lead to organ toxicities, reproductive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, brain development disorders, and abnormal immune responses, posing a serious threat to human health. Consequen...

Objective After rhabdomyolysis, muscle tissue releases substances such as myoglobin, creatine kinase, and electrolytes into the bloodstream, potentially leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and it is found in various plants. This research evaluated the protec...

Objective The Maillard reaction generates acrylamide (ACR), a toxic compound commonly found in laboratory and industrial settings. ACR exposure, both short-term and long-term, can damage various organs, notably the central nervous system, through oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study explores the potential neuroprotective effect...

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the most important side effect following contrast media application. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective effects of trans sodium crocetinate (TSC) against sodium amidotrizoate/meglumine amidotrizoate (SAMA). Wistar rats were classified into eight groups (n = 6, male, 220–250 g) inc...

Clavulanic acid (ClvA), a beta-lactamase inhibitor, is being explored for its significant neuroprotective potential. The effects of ClvA were assessed both individually and in combination with crocin (Cr), an antioxidant derived from saffron, in the context of tardive dyskinesia (TD). In rat haloperidol (Hp)-induced-TD (1 mg/kg, i.p. 21 days), the...

The possible protective effects of osthole on acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of osthole (1- 25 μM) for 24 h and then the IC50 value of acrylamide (5 mM) was added. After 24 h, cell viability and intracellular ROS content were detected by MTT assay and DCF-DA methods, respectively....

Acrylamide (ACR) is a toxic agent for humans and animals. Gentisic acid, an aspirin metabolite, has antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study investigated the probable protective effects of aspirin and gentisic acid on ACR-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and rats. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MT...

Rhabdomyolysis is a pathological condition caused by muscle tissue degradation. In this condition, intracellular contents enter the bloodstream, and acute kidney injury (AKI) develops. Verbascoside (VB) is one of the most common phenylethanoid glycosides and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the effects of VB on...

Arsenic is a toxic metalloid found in the environment in different organic and inorganic forms. Molecular mechanisms implicated in arsenic hepatotoxicity are complex but include oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. The current study focused on the potential protective capacity of melatonin against arsenic‐induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty‐six m...

Objective(s) Acrylamide (ACR) induces neurotoxicity in humans and animals through different mechanisms. Sitagliptin is a type-2 diabetes medication with neuroprotective properties. The effects of sitagliptin against neurotoxicity stimulated by ACR were examined. Materials and Methods Male Wistar rats were classified as follows: 1. Control (normal...

Objective(s) Rhabdomyolysis leads to the release of myoglobin, sarcoplasmic proteins, and electrolytes into the blood circulation causing acute kidney injury (AKI). Thymoquinone, a natural compound found in Nigella sativa seeds, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This investigation assessed the renoprotective effect of thymoquinone on r...

Objective(s) Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a serious fatal syndrome. The RM leads to acute kidney injury (AKI) as a fatal complication. The belief is that RM-induced AKI is triggered by myoglobin (MB). MB activates oxidative and apoptotic pathways. Trans-sodium crocetinate (TSC) is obtained from saffron. It has anti-oxidant and renoprotective effects. Thi...

Objective(s) Rhabdomyolysis, a potentially life-threatening condition, occurs when myoglobin is released from damaged muscle cells, leading to acute kidney injury (AKI). Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), an organosulfur compound known for its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, was examined in this study for its potential impact on rhabdomyolysis...

Arsenic (As) exposure is known to cause several neurological disorders through various molecular mechanisms such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. In the current study, we assessed the effect of melatonin (Mel) on As-induced neurotoxicity. Thirty male Wistar rat were treated daily for 28 consecutive days. As (15 mg/kg, gavage) and Mel...

Cigarette smoking (CS) is a crucial modifiable risk of developing several human diseases and cancers. It causes lung, bladder, breast, and esophageal cancers, respiratory disorders, as well as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Because of these adverse health effects, continual efforts to decrease the prevalence and toxicity of CS are imperativ...

Objectives: Natural coumarin called osthole is regarded as a medicinal herb with widespread applications in Traditional Chinese Medicine. It has various pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. In some neurodegenerative diseases, osthole also shows neuroprotective properties. In this study,...

Purpose: Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is a serious fatal syndrome. The RM leads to acute kidney injury (AKI) as a fatal complication. The belief is that the RM-induced AKI is triggered by myoglobin (MB). MB activates oxidative and apoptotic pathways.Trans-sodium crocetinate (TSC) isobtained from saffron and it has antioxidant andrenoprotective effects. This...

Benzo(a)pyrene is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, which could induce renal injury. It is reported that melatonin has a protective effect against multiple organ injuries by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. The aim of this study was to estimate the melatonin effects on benzo(a)pyrene renal toxicity in mice and the possib...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a toxic chemical that is used as a monomer in the production of plastic products. The BPA has an endocrine-disrupting effect and ‎induces damage to the nervous system. Crocin, an active ingredient of Crocus sativus L. has ‎neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate crocin’s effects on BPA-induced ‎memory i...

Arsenic is a notorious metalloid that exists in the earth's crust and is considered toxic for humans and the environment. Both cancerous and non-cancerous complications are possible after arsenic exposure. Target organs include the liver, lungs, kidney, heart, and brain. Arsenic-induced neurotoxicity, the main focus of our study, can occur in centr...

Objectives: Contrast media (CM) are used for diagnostic or therapeutic intervention purposes in medicine. The main adverse reaction after the administration of CM is contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). This complication is the third cause of renal failure after hospital treatment. The current study is designed to investigate the possible protectiv...

Chronic arsenic (As) exposure, mainly as a result of drinking contaminated water, is associated with cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy have been suggested as the molecular etiology of As cardiotoxicity. Melatonin (Mel) is a powerful antioxidant. Mel improves diabetic cardiom...

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and a serious environmental pollutant. BaP is formed by the incomplete combustion of organic matter at high temperatures. In addition, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially charbroiled food and grilled meats, contain BaP and can cause it to enter human body. Melatonin, a pineal gland horm...

Treatment of epilepsy remains a major problem as some epileptic patients do not respond to the current therapeutics. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) belongs to the TRP channels and has diverse physiological functions in the body. Considering its physiological properties, we aimed to evaluate its role in two experimental models of epi...

For more than 2000 years, Silybum marianum L. (milk thistle) has been used for treating different complications such as jaundice, hepatitis, and cancers. It has also been shown that silymarin, a flavonolignan extract of the plant, demonstrates chemopreventive effects against cancers. This patent review presents and discusses recent patents concerni...

Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid that exists in water, soil, food, and air. Humans can be exposed to arsenic through occupational, medical, or nutritional routes. Both acute and chronic forms of toxicity with severe outcomes are likely following arsenic exposure. Neurotoxicity is one of the serious manifestations of arsenic toxicity. In o...

Objectives: Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) has been traditionally used to combat a variety of conditions ranging from ischemic heart disease to cancer. The protective effects of SB are due to the action of two main flavonoids baicalin (BA) and baicalein (BE). This paper aimed to provide a narrative review of the protective and antidotal effects of S...

Background: 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is widely used to induce neurotoxicity and investigate the mechanisms of Parkinson disease. 6-OHDA causes cell injury through various mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. The selective Rho-kinase inhibitor, fasudil displays neuroprotective effects in several neurodegenerative diso...

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Ranolazine is an antianginal drug that is prescribed in DM patients with angina. We decided to evaluate the effect of DM on the pharmacokinetics of ranolazine and its major metabolite CVT-2738 in rats. Materials and methods: Male rats were divided into two groups: DM (indu...

Background: One of the current challenges in cancer management is finding diagnostic and prognostic markers for various cancers. CXCL10 is a small protein that is defined as an ‘inflammatory’ chemokine and binds to CXCR3 to mediate immune responses through the activation and recruitment of leukocytes such as T cells, eosinophils, monocytes and natu...

Scutellaria baicalensis (SB), also known as the Chinese skullcap, has a long history of being used in Chinese medicine to treat a variety of conditions ranging from microbial infections to metabolic syndrome and malignancies. Numerous studies have reported that treatment with total SB extract or two main flavonoids found in its root and leaves, bai...

Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known heavy metal and a neurotoxic agent. Minocycline (Mino) is an anti-microbial agent with a lipophilic structure that crosses the blood–brain barrier and enters the cerebral tissue. In recent studies, Mino has been introduced as an antioxidant and anti-apoptotic chemical compound, and therefore, it was examined as a protec...

Background: Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic that antagonizes dopamine and serotonin receptors. It has been suggested that quetiapine can be used to treat substance use disorders, including opioid use disorder. Opioids modulate dopaminergic functions associated with conditioned reinforcement and these effects can be measured via the conditio...

Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and hypertension risk factors. Moreover, metabolic syndrome is the most ordinary risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous chemical drugs are being synthesized to heal metabolic risk factors. Still, due to their abundant side effect...

Vincristine, an alkaloid extracted from Catharanthus rosea, is a class of chemotherapy drugs that act by altering the function of the microtubules and by inhibiting mitosis. Despite its widespread application, a major adverse effect of vincristine that limits treatment duration is the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy (PN). PN presents with sever...

Metabolic syndrome is a serious health condition, yet a common worldwide disorder. It includes several risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and high glucose levels which lead the patients to higher risks of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and stroke. Phytotherapy plays an important role in treating components of metabolic syndrome. N...

Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known heavy metal and an environmental toxic agent. Upon human exposure, severe outcomes, such as neurotoxicity, can be anticipated. Minocycline (Mino) is an anti-microbial agent with a lipophilic structure that crosses the blood-brain barrier and enters the cerebral tissue. Based on recent studies, Mino has been introduced a...

Purpose Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs. In this study, we evaluated the effect of DM on the liver content of CYP 3A2 enzyme. We also explored the ECG changes after administration of ranolazine in non-DM and DM rats. Methods First phase: 24 male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups. The control group (n...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease with medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Alpha‐lipoic acid (α‐LA) possesses various pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, antiobesity, hypotensive, and hypolipidemia actions. It exhibits reactive oxygen species scavenger pr...

Neuroinflammation and fever are the main triggers in febrile seizures (FS). Focusing on inflammatory pathways and anti-inflammatory drugs could compensate for the limitations of existing medications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of specific antagonizing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), as a prominent inflammatory axis...

Licorice is the dried roots and rhizomes of various species of the genus Glycyrrhiza (Fabaceae) that have been used in folk medicine from ancient times. Many important research projects have established several beneficial effects for this medicinal herb, including antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, antihyperglyc...

Objectives: Acrylamide (ACR), has wide uses in different industries. ACR induced several toxicities including neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The probable protective effects of selenium on ACR-induced neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats were evaluated. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were studied for 11 days in 8 groups: 1. Contro...

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common side effects of diabetes. We aimed to investigate the effects of crocin and crocetin (as a deglycosylated form of crocin in blood stream) in gene expression or protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor1 (VEGFR-1), matrix m...

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia among the elderly. This progressive neurodegenerative disorder affects brain regions that control cognition, memory, language, speech, and awareness. As a potent antioxidant, crocin has been proposed to effectively manage the neurodegenerative disease. In this study, the recovery effects of cr...

Metabolic syndrome is a condition associated with obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure. Recently, the use of phytochemicals is suggested in the control and treatment of metabolic syndrome. The Azadirachta indica (neem) is an evergreen tree belonging to the family of Meliaceae. Multiple studies have been confirmed the anti-diabet...

The major problems of morphine use in the clinic are its tolerance and dependence. This study aimed to investigate the effect of suvorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, on morphine-induced dependence and tolerance in mice and evaluate the level of NMDA, AMPA, ERK, p-ERK, CREB and p-CREB proteins in the brain. Tolerance and dependence were in...

d‐galactose (d‐gal) induces aging and memory impairment via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation pathways. This study evaluated the neuroprotective activity of thymoquinone (TQ) against d‐gal. d‐gal (400 mg/kg, SC), d‐gal plus TQ (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), and TQ alone (2.5 and 10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks were administered to rats. The effect of TQ on l...

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is spread in different ways as an environmental pollutant. It has been proposed that BaP can induce toxicity through oxidative stress and apoptosis in vital organs. The present study evaluated the protective effect of melatonin, a circadian hormone of the pineal gland, on BaP-induced ne...

Natural and chemical toxic agents cause severe adverse effects on people's health in a variety of exposing ways. Herbal medications have taken into consideration as alternative safe treatments for toxicities. Rosmarinus officinalis also known as rosemary belongs to the Lamiaceae family. Rosemary and its constituents including carnosic acid, rosmari...

Objectives: Bisphenol A (BPA), a xenoestrogenic endocrine disrupting agent, is widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and has potential adverse effects on the developing nervous system, memory and learning abilities. The protective effect of the crocin, an important active constituent in Crocus sativus L, on memory impairment indu...

Hemorrhagic cystitis is one of the most important complications of cyclophosphamide, a drug widely used in cancer chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. 5-HT3 antagonists are anti-emetic agents and have been shown to have notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effe...

Acrylamide (ACR) is widely used in industries. Oxidative stress and apoptosis pathways are important mechanisms behind ACR‐induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Regarding to antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of punicalagin (PUN), the protective effect of this agent on ACR‐induced toxicity in rat was evaluated. Rats were divided into seve...

Neuroinflammation has a key role in seizure generation and perpetuation in the neonatal period, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway has a prominent role in neuroinflammatory diseases. Administration of antioxidants and targeting TLR4 in the embryonic period may protect rat offspring against the next incidence of febrile seizure and its harmful...

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), an important environmental pollutant, is produced as the result of incomplete combustion of organic materials in many industries and food cooking process. It has been purposed that BaP induces hepatotoxicity through oxidative stress and apoptosis. Several studies have shown that melatonin can protect against chemical-induced a...

Aging is a progressive process which is associated with liver dysfunction and it is due to oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis. Long-term D-galactose (D-gal) administration is able to develop an aging model in animals. Crocin as a major active ingredient in saffron has shown anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects via its anti...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely used chemicals in plastic industry, which enters the human body through occupational and food contact. We studied the protein changes in rat cerebral cortex to evaluate the neurotoxicity of BPA. Twenty-four adult male rats were randomly selected and divided into four groups and each group respectively rec...

The present study evaluated biochemical endpoints characterizing acrylamide (ACR) neurotoxicity in the cortex of rats, following the possible neuroprotective activity of thymoquinone (TQ), an active constituent of Nigella sativa. ACR (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) concurrently with TQ (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) for 11 days were administered to...

The unique properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) have attracted researchers’ interest in determining the effects of this herbal medicine in the treatment of different disorders. Today, saffron is considered not only as a food spice but also as a potent natural agent with a wide range of beneficial effects. The protective effects of saffron and...

In this study, the effect of topiramate, as an antiepileptic drug, was evaluated on morphine craving in rats. The conditioned place preference (CPP) test was used for this purpose. Repeated administration of morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p. for 4 days) induced significant CPP. Administration of topiramate (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p. for 4 days) with each morph...

Introduction: Clavulanic acid (CLAV) is structurally similar to ceftriaxone, a potent stimulator of glial GlutamateTransporter-1 (GLT-1) expression. The present study aims at exploring the anti-nociceptive effects of CLAV, a beta-lactamase inhibitor in rats underwent sciatic nerve Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Methods: CLAV (12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg...

Objectives: Crocus sativus L. and its active constituent, crocin, have neuroprotective effects. The effects of crocin on memory impairment have been mentioned in studies but the signaling pathways have not been evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of crocin on the hyoscine-induced memory impairment in rat. Additi...

Objective: Inflammation along with oxidative stress plays an important role in the development, progression, instability and rupture of coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies introduced curcumin (diferuloylmethane) as a wonderful chemical in Curcuma longa (turmeric) with appropriate anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The effect...

Acrylamide (ACR) is extensively used in industrial areas and has been demonstrated to induce neurotoxicity via oxidative stress and apoptosis. In this study, we assessed the probable protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ), an active constituent of Nigella sativa, against ACR-induced neurotoxicity. ACR (50 mg/kg, i.p., for 11 days) and TQ (2.5, 5 a...

Immunotoxins are a class of recombinant proteins which consist of an antibody and a part of a bacterial or herbal toxin. Immunotoxins containing Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PEA) have been found to be very applicable in clinical trials. Many obstacles such as solubility and absorbency reduce their usability in solid tumors. The current study...

Metabolic syndrome is described as a group of risk factors in which at least three unhealthy medical conditions, including obesity, high blood sugar, hypertension or dyslipidemia occur simultaneously in a patient. These conditions raise the risk for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Many recent studies have focused on herbal remedies a...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. The majority of cardiovascular complications are secondary to atherosclerosis. Extensive evidence has showed that environmental pollutants such as cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis. Acrolein, a highly reactive unsaturated al...

Acrylamide (50 mg/kg) was daily administered intraperitoneally to normal and diabetic rats for 2 weeks. Its impact was evaluated by histopathology, western blot, and serum biochemical analysis. Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase in acrylamide-treated diabetic rats were hig...

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a 4-hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). It induces various toxicological effects including immunotoxicity. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AFM1 on immune system and its modulation by MicroRNA (miR)-155. AFM1 was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 25 and 50 µg/kg for 28 days to Balb/c m...

Acrylamide (ACR), a vinyl monomer that has multiple chemical and industrial applications, is a neurotoxic agent in human and animal. Fasudil is a potent Rho-kinase inhibitor which exhibits neuroprotective effects in some neuronal degenerative disorders. In this study, the potential protective effect of Fasudil on ACR-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 ce...

Objectives Ethanol withdrawal following its chronic use is a serious outcome and challenging to treatment. The chronic use of ethanol induces a progressive neuroplasticity in different reigns of brain. In this study we evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and its active compound, crocin, on the withdrawal behavior...

Introduction: Clavulanic acid (CLAV) is structurally similar to ceftriaxone, a potent stimulator of glial GlutamateTransporter-1 (GLT-1) expression. The present study aims at exploring the anti-nociceptive effects of CLAV, a beta-lactamase inhibitor in rats underwent sciatic nerve Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Methods: CLAV (12.5, 25, 50 mg...

Vitis vinifera (grape) is one of the “most‐produced fruit” in the world. Grape seeds are a valuable source of phenolic compounds including resveratrol (RSV). Grape and one of its biologically active constituents, RSV, exert their protective effects against different natural or chemical toxins which could alter physiological homeostasis through a va...

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a health issue which is recognized due to its insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Since the Rho family of GTPases are involved in several cellular mechanisms, it is believed they might be involved in different aspects of metabolic syndrome. We conducted a search of some databases...

Objectives Cisplatin is one of the widely used antitumour agents with major clinical side effect, nephrotoxicity. We showed the role of iron in cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity that entrance to the cell via transferrin receptor (TfR) as a gatekeeper for iron uptake. We also examined the effect of iron chelator deferiprone against this toxicity. Me...

Introduction β-Lactam antibiotics like Clavulanic Acid (CA) enhances cellular glutamate uptake through activation of Glutamate Transporter subtype 1 (GLT-1) and decreases the level of glutamate in the nervous system. Based on studies, blocking the glutamate activity inhibits morphine-induced Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) in animals. Therefore,...

Introduction: An interaction between oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested to have a role neurotoxicity. The aim of current research was to investigate the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) as an inducible NO synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), oxidative stress and interleukin-6...

Trimethyltin (TMT) is a short-chain trialkyltin with various applications in industry. In addition, it is a known neurotoxin, producing significant and selective neurodegeneration in the limbic system of both human and animals. Recently, effect of clavulanic acid (CA) in nervous system has been mentioned. Therefore, in this study, the role of CA in...

Crocin, the main constituent of saffron (Crocus sativus L.), is a natural carotenoid which is known for its antioxidant activity. Liver as the organ that metabolizes many chemicals is one of the first position that is at risk of environmental pollutants. It is clear that compounds that exhibit antioxidant properties, scavenging of free radicals and...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the mos t widely used chemicals in the plas tic indus try, which enter the human body through occupational and food contact. In this s tudy, the protein changes in rat cerebral cortex was evaluate in order to evaluate the neurotoxicity of BPA. 24 adult male rats were randomly selected and divided into four groups (n=6) a...

Objective D-galactose (D-gal) is well-known agent to induce aging process. In the present study, we selected crocin, the main constituent of Crocus sativus L. (saffron), against D-gal-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods Pretreated cells with crocin (25–500 μM, 24 h) were exposed to D-gal (25–400 mM, 48 h). The MTT as...

Background We aimed to investigate the potential prophylactic and curative effects of rosmarinic acid, one of the main constituents of rosemary, on the neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) in rats. Materials and methods CCI was used to induce peripheral neuropathic pain. In prophylactic groups, rosmarinic acid (10, 20, and...

Objective Aging is a multifactorial phenomenon, which attribute to different diseases and abnormalities in living systems. Oxidative stress, which is an important factor in aging, exacerbates this process via different mechanisms. Crocin (CR), one of the active components of saffron showed strong antioxidant effects. In the present study, anti-agin...

Acrylamide (ACR) monomer is an effective neurotoxicant, which damages the central and peripheral nervous systems in humans and animals. It also has broad applications in different industries. Grape seed extract (GSE) possesses antioxidant properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the beneficial effects of GSE against ACR-induced neurot...

Bisphenol A (BPA), discovered to be an artificial estrogen, has been shown to leach from some containers and mediate oxidative damage to cells and tissues and to be involved in reproductive disorders, obesity, diabetes, and liver dysfunction. In the current study, we investigated the effects of oral chronic exposure to low dose of BPA (0.5 mg kg-1)...

Objective(s) The neurodegeneration and loss of memory function are common consequences of aging. Medicinal plants have potent protective effects against chronic neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects and molecular mechanisms of crocin on brain function in D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging model i...