Snehasish Dutta Gupta

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• PhD
• Former Professor at Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Chlorophyll (Chl) concentration is a reliable indicator of leaf nitrogen content and plant health status. Currently available methods for image-based Chl estimation require complex mathematical derivations and high-throughput imaging set-up along with multiplex image-preprocessing steps. Further, the influence of carotenoid (CAR)concentration has...

The present study reports an efficient phyto-mediated and photo-catalyzed synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from root tuber extract of Chlorophytum borivilianum and demonstrates its phytotoxicity during seedling growth of Peltophorum pterocarpum. A time course analysis of the appearance of SPR peak during incubation of reaction mixture unde...

Increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in myriad applications including electronics, medicines and agriculture has led to serious concerns regarding its release to plant ecosystems. Over the years, numerous studies have demonstrated the toxic impact of AgNPs in a variety of cell and tissue systems involved in vegetative growth across a wide...

The knowledge on the mode of action, biocompatibility and ecological tolerance of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is gradually accumulating over the years with contradictory findings. Most of the studies indicated the toxic impact of AgNPs on plant growth and development, where induction of oxidative stress was considered to be one of the causal facto...

The abatement of environmental hazards through a facile and clean approach using nanoparticles bio-converted from medicinal plants has recently attracted increased amounts of attention. By leveraging LED technology, this study presents an innovative approach for the photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes, viz. methylene blue, methyl orange, and...

Nano-gardening has revolutionized agriculture by leveraging nanotechnology for enhanced plant growth and sustainability. Among different types of nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles (MNPs) are recognized as potential candidates for use in diverse agricultural products like fertilizers, growth enhancers, and pesticides per se. Additionally, there is...

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is considered one of the eco-related key factors that negatively affect global climatic change. Also, CO2 can play an important role in the postharvest quality of the agri-products. In this study, the impact of CO2 on the quality of postharvest onions that were stored at 23 °C for 8 weeks was investigated. The weight loss, phen...

The hunt for novel antibiotics has become a global public health imperative due to the rise in multidrug-resistant microorganisms, untreatable infection cases, overuse, and inefficacy of modern antibiotics. Polyphenols are getting much attention in research due to their multiple biological effects; their use as antimicrobial agents is attributed to...

Hemp is grown in more than 30 nations, with China being the major producer and exporter. Hemp can be used for various human and animal applications, from textiles to bio-pharmaceuticals. They can also be used in beverages and nutraceutical goods: cosmetics and personal care products. Pharmaceuticals are becoming more prevalent in a variety of areas...

The present study reports an efficient phyto-mediated and photo-catalyzed synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from root tuber extract of Chlorophytum borivilianum and demonstrates its phytotoxicity during seedling growth of Peltophorum pterocarpum. A time course analysis of the appearance of SPR peak during incubation of reaction mixture unde...

Purpose Chlorophyll (Chl) content is a reliable indicator of leaf nitrogen content and plant health status. Currently available methods for image-based Chl estimation require complex mathematical derivations and high-throughput imaging set-up along with multiplex image-preprocessing steps. Further, the influence of carotenoid (CAR) content has been...

Background Borivilianoside H is a naturally occurring anti-cancer compound with known cytotoxicity against human colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-116) and human adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29). The present study, describe the pharmacophore modelling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation approaches to predict the target proteins of...

The present study describes the impact of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on synseed germination and subsequent synseed-derived seedling growth of Curculigo orchioides, an endangered medicinal plant under in vitro conditions. Shoot buds regenerated on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS) containing 4 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and 3% sucrose were ut...

The present study describes a new imaging method to acquire rice leaf images under field conditions using a smartphone and modeling approaches to retrieve the leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content from digitized images. Pearson's correlation of image-based color indices of the relative Chl content measured with Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) indic...

Swertia chirata is a medicinal plant studied for its ability to synthesize polyshaped gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The process of AuNP biosynthesis was studied using artificial neural networks (ANN) with different activation function on output node (logistic or linear) and different training algorithm (back propagation or Levenberg–Marquardt). The ma...

Plant health and physiological status significantly influence chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity. Analysis of leaf reflectance information from digitized leaf images allows high-throughput, non-invasive and real-time estimation of chlorophyll content in a cost-effective manner. In the present study the application of multivariate data...

Relative abundance of blue (B) and red (R) photons in the incident light plays a major role in regulating the morphology and physiology of plants. Many studies have been carried out to determine the R:B photon flux ratio (PFR) required for eliciting desired traits in various plant species. However, studies investigating the impact of R:B PFR on the...

Chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been assessed on plant tissue cultures but the impact of biologically synthesized AgNP fabricated by different phytoconstituents has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study biogenic AgNP prepared from leaf extract of Swertia chirata was utilized to address the problems associated wit...

The presence of favorable light environment is pivotal for optimal plant growth and development. Spatiotemporal deficits of natural light limit the plant productivity which results in poor quantitative and qualitative yield. In order to mitigate the situation, electrical lamps have been chosen as a reliable source of light for indoor cultivation. O...

Light spectral quality, irradiation level in terms of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and photoperiod have a profound influence on the morphogenesis and growth of plants. In recent years, the application of light emitting diodes (LEDs) has attracted considerable attention as an alternative artificial light source not only for controlled e...

As an alternative artificial light source, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) possess unique properties that have potential to regulate plant growth and development and hold great promise in the future of controlled environment agriculture. This narrow-bandwidth lighting platform provides a unique opportunity to test different hypotheses on plant growth,...

This book presents a comprehensive treatise on the advances in the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for sustainable crop production and describes the latest photomorphogenesis research findings. It introduces readers to the fundamentals and design features of LEDs applicable for plant growth and development and illustrates their advantages over...

The present study demonstrates the influence of LED irradiance of various wavelengths on shoot regeneration, biomass accumulation, photosynthetic pigment contents, and antioxidant potentials of Swertia chirata - a critically endangered medicinal plant. Mixed treatment of blue (BL) and red LEDs (RL) in equal proportion (1:1) significantly improved t...

An artificial neural network (ANN) was used to analyze photometric features extracted from the digitized images of leaves from in vitro-regenerated potato plants for non-invasive estimation of chlorophyll content. A MATLAB®-based, feed-forward, backpropagation-type network was developed for an input layer (three input elements), with one hidden lay...

Nanoparticle induced toxicity is influenced by several parameters like nanoparticle size, shape, coating, use of carrier, genotypes and experimental methods. Recent reports indicated that many metallic nanomaterials especially silver (AgNPs) cause significant toxic effects in animal cell culture and animal models, however, phytotoxicity studies are...

Abstract The present study for the first time explores the use of Central composite design (CCD) of RSM to optimize the process parameters of biosynthesis of AgNPs from rhizome extract of Curculigo orchioides based on the absorbance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 430 nm that corresponds to the synthesis of mono-disperse, spherical AgNPs...

Main conclusion Genetically engineered rice lines with broad insecticidal properties against major lepidopteran pests were generated using a synthetic, truncated form of vegetative insecticidal protein (Syn vip3BR) from Bacillus thuringiensis. The selectable marker gene and the redundant transgene(s) were eliminated through Cre/ lox mediated recomb...

Abstract Swertia chirata, a critically endangered medicinal plant is explored for its reducing ability to synthesize polyshaped gold nanoparticles (AuNP). Biosynthesized AuNP were characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) along with selected area electron diffraction pattern and energy dispersive X-ra...

ABSTRACT Importance of medicinal plants is not restricted to the narrow boundaries of only therapeutic applications. Medicinal plants are also being used to synthesize metal nanoparticles especially gold and silver. A large number of medicinal plants are capable of producing both silver and gold nanoparticles. In this Chapter, process of synthesis...

Background: Canopy light environment plays a crucial role in plant growth and development. Gas-discharge lamps (GDLs) are typically used in controlled-environment crop production system for illuminating crops. GDLs have broad emission spectra and heat-up significantly during operation. The advent of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has provided the mea...

We propose that the alteration of oxidative events due to perturbation in steady-state level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resultant of irradiation under lights of specific wavelength(s) generated by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), regulates shoot regeneration potential of Curculigo orchioides. The changes in the oxidative response induced by LED...

In this study, lyophilized and methanolic extracts of aloe gel from different germplasms were evaluated for their potential to inhibit mushroom tyrosinase activity. The results showed potent inhibitory effect of Aloe vera gel extracts on L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) oxidation catalyzed by tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner. Significant diff...

Various free radicals (DPPH, super-oxide and hydroxyl) scavenging, transition metal chelating and reduc-ing power assays were conducted to study the antioxidant potential of freeze-dried foliar gel obtainedfrom 2, 3 and 4-year-old Aloe vera L. To explore the influence of season, apart from summer, gels fromrainy and winter season of 3-year-old aloe...

Industrial Crops and Products j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / i n d c r o p Chemometric studies on mineral distribution and microstructure analysis of freeze-dried Aloe vera L. a b s t r a c t This paper presents an analysis of elemental distribution, microstructure at pre-and post-rehydration, and sw...

Industrial Crops and Products j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / i n d c r o p Evaluation of anti-oxidative activity and UV absorption potential of the extracts of Aloe vera L. gel from different growth periods of plants a b s t r a c t Antioxidant assay, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy mediated predominant functi...

Advances in plant tissue culture methods with regard to lighting requirements are currently focused on the improved features of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Over the years, the steady development of LED technology, with the emergence of new types of semi-conductor materials, has made it possible to apply it in an increasing number of new areas. As...

Safflower belonging to the family Asteraceae is an underutilized industrial crop of semi-arid regions. The oil is valued therapeutically due to its high degree of poly-unsaturation apart from its use in cosmetics, in the manufacture of urethane, resins, linoleum, and high quality emulsion paints. In vitro culture techniques, such as direct shoot or...

This is the first comprehensive resource worldwide that reflects research achievements in neglected and underutilized crop biotechnology, documenting research events during the last three decades, current status, and future outlook. The book has 16 chapters, divided into 4 sections and provides information on Chenopodium as a potential food source,...

Abstract Safflower belonging to the family Asteraceae is an underutilized industrial crop of semi-arid regions. The oil is valued therapeutically due to its high degree of poly-unsaturation apart from its use in cosmetics, in the manufacture of urethane, resins, linoleum, and high quality emulsion paints. For its biotechnological improvement, the...

The methanolic extract of Aloe vera L. gel was subjected to antioxidant guided fractionation with silica gel column chromatography to screen the potent fraction. The antioxidant capacities of different fractions were evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay and correlated with total phenol content. Total phenolic contents of different fraction...

The present work describes a digital image analysis method based on leaf color analysis to estimate chlorophyll content of leaves of micropropagated potato plantlets. For estimation of chlorophyll content, a simple leaf digital analysis procedure using a simple digital still camera was applied in parallel to a SPAD chlorophyll content meter. RGB fe...

This important reference is the first comprehensive resource worldwide that reflects research achievements in neglected and underutilized crop biotechnology, documenting research events during the last three decades, current status, and future outlook. This book has 16 chapters divided into 4 sections. Section 1 has three chapters dealing with Chen...

Thermal imaging was applied to micropropagated plantlets to predict wilting afer ex vitro transfer. Potato plantlets were cultured from nodal cuttings under photoautotrophic and heterotophic/mixotrophic culture conditions for various time periods. A pair of culture vessels, each with a single potato plantlet, was placed in a laminar flow hood. Imag...

The photochemical reflectance index (PRI) of micropropagated potato leaves was estimated nondestructively from outside the culture vessel using a PRI imaging system developed by the present group. The PRI was determined under low light intensity conditions after dark treatment and compared with the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm, which de...

Enhancement of efficiency and efficacy of plant regeneration are primary goals of micropropagation. An efficient method with rapid and improved shoot regeneration of gladiolus based upon matrix supported liquid culture technique has been demonstrated. This technique in addition ensured the quality of the regenerated shoots by effectively alleviatin...

The commercial micropropagation grapples with the major problem of poor survivality of regenerated plants upon ex vitro transfer. The basic cause for its poor survivality is believed to be the reduced vigor of the plants during the culture period. The present work describes a RGB based image analysis method to estimate the chlorophyll content of mi...

A system for imaging the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) of micropropagated plantlet leaves was developed using a low-cost charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The reflected light intensities of leaves at 530 and 570 nm were imaged using a monochrome CCD camera with respective band-pass filters. The reflection images were used to estimate the...

In vitro shoot regeneration of gladiolus in three different culture systems, viz., semi-solid agar (AS), membrane raft (MR), and duroplast foam liquid (DF) cultures was evaluated following the kinetics of shoot multiplication and hyperhydricity at optimized growth regulator combinations. Compared to the AS system, matrix-supported liquid cultures e...

Cosmetic Attributes of Aloe vera L. gel S. Dutta Gupta Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India Correspondence author: *sdg@agfe.iitkgp.ernet.in ABSTRACT Aloe vera L.(syn. A. barbadensis Miller.), is a perennial succulent plant belonging to the family Liliaceae. The plant ha...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role during in vitro responses of plant growth and development. In vitro culture induced many different stresses cause ROS production and promote activities of antioxidant enzymes. The interplay of ROS, antioxidants, and various cultural factors regulates in vitro morphogenesis. In vitro plant recalci...

A method has been developed for rapid and non invasive determination of chlorophyll content of leaves of micropropagated potato plants using RGB based image analysis. Among the trichomatic colors, R and G negatively correlated with the chlorophyll content, while a positive correlation was observed with B chromate. Compared to mean brightness value,...

Aloe vera L. germplasms were tested for their ability to heal wounds following proliferation and migration of murine L929 fibroblast cells employing MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] and an in vitro scratch assay. All the germplasms were capable of promoting cell proliferation and migration. A positive correlation...

In this study, lyophilized crude and methanolic extracts of aloe gel from different germplasms (S24, RM, TN, OR, and RJN) of Aloe vera L. were tested for their ultraviolet (UV) opacity potential. UV absorption profiles, sun protection factor (SPF), and percentage blocking of UVA and UVB were considered to test UV opacity potential. Both the extract...

Photometric clustering of regenerated plants of gladiolus was described using fuzzy adaptive resonance theory (ART) and the resultant grouping pattern was compared with ART 2, and self-organizing map (SOM) neural network modules. Classical clustering techniques such as hierarchical (HC) and k-means clustering (KM) were also applied to analyze the s...

Quality tea production is in demand for its better palatability and beneficial effects on human health, including controlling several diseases with its high antioxidant properties. So far, few studies have been made on the impact of fertilizer input on tea quality. To address the issue, tea was grown under conventional and organic practices to comp...

Embryogenic cultures of Dactylis glomerata L. were subjected to NaCl stress by culturing for 4 passages in Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium containing 30 µM dicamba and 200 mM NaCl. Ultrastructural studies indicated invaginations and disruptions of the plasma membrane. Membrane-bound vesicles were observed in the cytoplasm of NaCl treated cells a...

A successful encapsulation protocol was developed for somatic ernbryos of black pepper to produces synthetic seeds. Sodium alginate concentation of 4%o(w/v) was ideal at a calcium chloride concentration of 10 0 mM to prodrce capsules of perfect morphology and sufficient gel strength. Encapsulation affected the percentage of germination of somatic e...

The application of Fuzzy ART as a clustering method is described to group regenerated gladiolus plants in terms of their similarity in leaf trichromatic features. The clustering results of Fuzzy ART were compared with the ART 2 modeling approach. The incorporation of fuzzy sets into the ART neural network enabled efficient clustering by refining gr...

A high-frequency plantlet regeneration protocol was developed for black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) through cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis. Secondary embryos formed from the radicular end of the primary somatic embryos which were originally derived from micropylar tissues of germinating seeds on growth regulator-free SH medium in the absence o...

Multiple shoot clusters of gladiolus were established in semi-solid agar (AS) and liquid media appended with membrane raft (MR) and Duroplast foam (DF) support matrix. A difference in optimum combination of α-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA)/6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for shoot multiplication was noted with culture systems. Maximum regeneration of 33.15...

Conventionally the culture medium is gelled to simulate a native soil-like environment for in vitro plant growth and differentiation. However, the use of gelling agent poses many problems such as, sensitivity of tissue to gelling agent type and concentration; alteration and/or inactivation of media components during heat sterilization; mechanical i...

It is my privilege to contribute the foreword for this unique volume entitled: “Plant Tissue Culture Engineering,” edited by S. Dutta Gupta and Y. Ibaraki. While there have been a number of volumes published regarding the basic methods and applications of plant tissue and cell culture technologies, and even considerable attention provided to biorea...

Influence of various fruit-derived explants and different genotypes on induction of somatic embryogenesisin black pepper was studied. Among the various explants cultured on plant growth regulator-free solid SH medium maintained in dark, the 'abortively germinated seeds in vitro' produced the highest percent responsea s well as number of somatic emb...

A machine vision system is described to sort the regenerated plants of gladiolus into groups using trichromatic features of leaves. The machine vision system consisted of a scanner, image analysis software and an adaptive resonance theory neural network. Leaf attributes extracted from the image histograms and used for network classification are the...

Activity of antioxidant enzymes was evaluated during somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis from cultured leaf segments of Gladiolus hybridus Hort. The effect of exogenous antioxidants on somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis has also been monitored. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) gradually increased during somatic embryogene...

Influence of auxin type and concentration on somatic embryogenesis from cotyledonary explants of safflower was investigated. Embryogenic frequency as well as number of somatic embryos was dependent on auxin type and concentration. NAA at 10.74 M (2 mg l–1) was optimum for high frequency of somatic embryos, whereas IAA provided the maximum number of...

There is an increasing interest in the winged bean for its potential as a high protein crop, especially in the hot and humid tropics. Considerable efforts have been made to develop desirable traits through in vitro manipulations. Unlike other large seeded legumes, the plant regeneration in winged bean is still limited only to a few reports. Shoot f...

SUMMARY A protocol was developed for induction, maturation and germination of somatic embryos from the tissues of germinating seeds of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.). Explants were cultured on growth regulator - free solid SH medium maintained in the dark. The flrst somatic embryos developing directly from the expiant tissue were noticed after 60 d...