Skvarenina Jaroslav

Technical University of Zvolen · Department of Natural Environment

Thunderstorms are among the most extreme meteorological phenomena that can cause widespread destruction and loss of life. Their occurrence varies significantly across different regions and times of the year. Despite various studies on thunderstorm activity across Central Europe, direct analyses based on data from the Slovak territory still need to...

Natural meteorological and climatological hazards and vulnerable vegetation are frequent triggers of naturaldisasters, such as wildfires. These cause loss of life and significant economic damage, likely to increase due toclimate and socio-economic changes. The increase in wildfires in recent decades has affected the decision-makingof technocrats an...

Due to the increased number of forest fires, a detailed examination and knowledge of the effects of the microclimatic conditions of forests is currently significant. The study carried out in Arboretum Borova hora (Slovak Republik), investigates the influence of meteorological factors (air temperature, relative humidity), the value of the Angström i...

Introduction The paper analyzes the results of 26 years (1996–2021) of phenological observations of the vegetative organs of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the Western Carpathians. It evaluates the influence of the heterogeneity of this territory, including relief and elevation, based on climatic-geographical types. Methods Phenological st...

Škvarenina, J., Balková, L., Lafférsová, J., Vyskot, I.: Dynamics of two pollen seasons of the genus Corylus in the foothills of the Starohorské vrchy Mts.: response to different meteorological conditions. Acta Facultatis Forestalis, Zvolen, 2023, 65/2, p. 51 - 64. Abstract: Urban vegetation and communal forests, parks and gardens provide a myriad...

Nowadays, the large-scale disturbance and subsequent temporary deforestation of mountain forests are widely discussed phenomena. In this study, we built both a logistic regression model (LRM) and a generalised additive model (GAM), in order to understand the drivers of deforestation after the Elisabeth windstorm (2004) in the Central Low Tatras, Sl...

Thunderstorms are among the most extreme meteorological phenomena that can cause widespread destruction and loss of life. Their occurrence varies significantly across different regions and times of the year. Despite various studies on thunderstorm activity across Central Europe, direct analyses based on data from the Slovak territory still need to...

The challenge to the sustainable development of forestry in the Eurasian temperate - boreal zone is the increase in the frequency and severity of natural disturbances due to global climate change. In this study, a mathematical model for predicting the risk of wildfires in spruce stands growing in the territory of Slovak Paradise National Park under...

Lesná pôda je už dlho uznávaná ako primárny vstup do výroby a ako zásobáreň bohatstva. Napriek jej zásadnej úlohe v takmer všetkých hospodárskych činnostiach neexistuje aktuálny a úplný odhad hodnoty lesnej pôdy. Preto sme vytvorili publikáciu, ktorá zapĺňa túto medzeru. Čítate publikáciu, v ktorej sa navrhuje nová inovatívna metóda oceňovania lesn...

The onset and duration of phenological events are key indicators of the ecological impact of climate change on vegetation. During the flowering time in spring, late frosts are one of the most dangerous meteorological phenomena leading to damage to crops. During 1987–2016, we analyzed the occurrence and intensity of frosts during the period around t...

Colony collapse disorder has become a global problem for beekeepers, and agriculture, which depends on bee pollination. Among other factors, the impact of the parasitic mite V. destructor, which causes varroosis, increases the risk of bee colony collapse. Global climatic changes can affect honey bee colony fate on multiple levels, including the spr...

The aim of this study was to develop methods for constructing a simple model describing tree mortality caused by Ips typographus L. using a minimum number of variables. We developed a model for areas spanning natural mountain forests in the Tatra National Park (Slovakia) and the Šumava National Park (Czech Republic), and in managed Czech forests lo...

The current warming of climate has led to an enhancement of the extreme temperature risks threatening various systems. Following that, we analysed the progress of the main type of the temperature-extreme weather events—heatwaves (HWs). We focused on the area of the Western Carpathians (Central Europe), since the Carpathian Mountains are widely reco...

The interception process in subalpine Norway spruce stands plays an important role in the distribution of throughfall. The natural mountain spruce forest where our measurements of throughfall and gross precipitation were carried out, is located on the tree line at an elevation of 1,420 m a.s.l. in the Western Tatra Mountains (Slovakia, Central Euro...

We studied the hydrobiochemical balance of total mercury (THg) in a forest ecosystem covering an area affected by mining activity in the past (14 th-18 th cent.) in the Kremnické vrchy Mts. (central Slovakia). A reference plot was located in an undisturbed area very close to primeval forest of Badínsky prales natural reserve. We analysed THg in bul...

Climate change affects snowpack properties indirectly through the greater need for artificial snow production for ski centers. The seasonal snowpacks at five ski centers in Central Slovakia were examined over the course of three winter seasons to identify and compare the seasonal development and inter-seasonal and spatial variability of depth avera...

The paper is focused on the evaluation of long-term changes in the chemical composition of precipitation in the mountain forests of Slovakia. Two stations with long-term measurements of precipitation quality were selected, namely the station of the EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) network Chopok (2008 m a.s.l.) and the station of...

The changes in precipitation and temperature regimes brought on by the current climate change have influenced ecosystems globally. The consequences of climate change on plant phenology have been widely investigated during the last few years. However, the underlying causes of the timing of autumn phenology have not been fully clarified yet. Here, we...

Presented paper deals with the quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from forest fires. The investigation was based on the inventory methodology of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change from the year 2006. We describe the proposal of our methodology for estimating the required biomass for modelling (using the available literature as we...

The berries of Vaccinium myrtillus L. are usually collected in the wild for the purpose of being a food source. They are naturally high in phenolic compounds, which possess antioxidative properties, so the berries are therefore often labeled as “functional foods”. This study evaluated seven samples of bilberry fruits from different locations in Slo...

Snow production results in high volume of snow that is remaining on the low-elevation ski pistes after snowmelt of natural snow on the off-piste sites. The aim of this study was to identify snow/ice depth, snow density, and snow water equivalent of remaining ski piste snowpack to calculate and to compare snow ablation water volume with potential in...

In recent decades, Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests of the High Tatra Mountains have suffered unprecedented tree mortality caused by European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L.). Analysis of the spatiotemporal pattern of bark beetle outbreaks across the landscape in consecutive years can provide new insights into the population dyn...

The paper presents the course of phenophases in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) in the Zvolenská kotlina basin. The phenophases were observed according to the SHMÚ methodology. There were evaluated vegetative (leaf unfolding, bud-burst, leafing, autumn leaf discolouration, leaf-fall) and generative (flower buds, flowering, end of flowering, ripe...

Large-scale forest dieback was reported in recent decades in many parts of the world. In Slovakia, the most endangered species is Norway spruce (Picea Abies). Spruce dieback affects also indigenous mountain forests. We analysed changes in snow cover characteristics in the disturbed spruce forest representing the tree line zone (1420 m a.s.l.) in th...

Monitoring plant phenology is one of the means of detecting the response of vegetation to changing environmental conditions. One approach for the study of vegetation phenology from local to global scales is to apply satellite-based indices. We investigated the potential of phenological metrics from moderate resolution remotely sensed data to monito...

Snow is not only abiotic component of cryosphere but also a true functional ecosystem. In the past were the Vysoké Tatry Mts, the highest mountains of the Carpathians, the most studied mountain area in the Europe in terms of cryoflora. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of snow microorganisms and its environmental conditions al...

In this study, the snow conditions of South-Central Slovakia (InnerWestern Carpathians; temperate zone) were analyzed to assess the suitability for ski slope operations without snow production under 1000 m a.s.l. For the study site of the Košútka Ski Centre, meteorological conditions for snowmaking, snowpack characteristics, and snow water equivale...

Spring phenology of European hazel is evaluated on the background of changes in snow cover and air temperatures during winter period in the paper. Meterological data and onsets of spring phenophases were recorded during years 1987-2015 in Botanical garden of Technical University in Zvolen. Methodology of Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute in Brat...

SEASONAL VARIBILITY OF THE LEAF AREA INDEX OF SPRUCE FOREST OF DIFFERENT AGE IN THE WESTERN TATRA MOUNTAINS. The article presents results of the leaf area index (LAI) assessment by means of hemispheric photography and the HemiView software in the mountain catchment of the Jalovecký creek in period June-September 2018. The photographs were taken eve...

This work evaluates drought impacts on initiation and ending of specific phenophases in autochtonous forest woody plants in Slovak republic. The research ran on an assembly of forest woody plants long-term monitored in the locality Borová hora near Zvolen. The study period encompassed years 2007-2017. There were evaluated rainfall amounts in months...

Research on urban climates has been an important topic in recent years, given the growing number of city inhabitants and significant influences of climate on health. Nevertheless, far less research has focused on the impacts of light pollution, not only on humans, but also on plants and animals in the landscape. This paper reports a study measuring...

For the read-only version of the full text: http://rdcu.be/wnGe Under an outbreak scenario in a buffer zone of a protected area, bark beetle-caused tree mortality was modulated by earlier natural disturbances (wind and bark beetles), sanitary management and seasonal temperature. In buffer zones, the effects of sanitary management on tree mortality...

After the windstorm of November 2004, the ground beetle assemblages (Coleoptera, Carabidae) differentiated after the windstorm into four groups reflecting degree of damaging and forestry management (intact stand, fallen timber in situ, extracted timber, fire). The stand with fallen timber reduced abundances of original species. Removal of timber el...

The aim of this work was to assess how forest ecosystems dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) or European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) affect snow water equivalent (SWE) in relation to aspect and elevation. The research plots were established in a small headwater watershed of the Hučava flow belonging to the Poľana Biosphere Reserve (Central...

The aim of the work was to compare the influence of a beech (B) and a spruce stand (S) on the accumulation and melting of snow cover in comparison to an open area (O). The measurements were performed in winter seasons from 2012/13 to 2014/15 in the Hučava catchment, Poľana Biosphere Reserve (BR). We monitored hydrological and physical parameters of...

Consequences of large-scale disturbances magnified by climate extremes and land-use changes on Norway spruce forests in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia) are assessed in the article. The studied area is part of the territory of the Tatra National Park (TANAP). The Drivers–Pressures–State–Impacts–Responses (DPSIR) framework was applied to evaluate how...

Thermal continentality plays an important role not only in the basic characterisation of the climate in particular regions but also in the phytogeographic distribution of plants and ecosystem formation. Due to ongoing climate change, questions surrounding the changes of thermal continentality are very relevant. Therefore, the aim of this study is t...

In our paper we deal with the changes in the rainfall interception process of a climax spruce forest in the growing season (approximately from May to October) during its die-back. Experimental data were collected at the research plot of Červenec situated in the West Tatras at an elevation of 1,420 m a.s.l. in the years from 2013 to 2015. Net precip...

The paper deals with the comparison of the time series drawn from different climate databases. We compared the observed data with the modeled data of monthly and seasonal temperature means and precipitation totals. Reliable and longest available time series of such data represent the basic starting point of dendroclimatic analyses. We evaluated the...

The paper presents relationship between the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and physiological responses of individual trees in a beech stand using an example of an experimental plot in Bienska valley (Zvolen, Slovakia). SPI is a widely used tool for monitoring both short-term and long-term droughts, and for the assessments of drought impacts...

Drought has recently become a significant topic in the Central European region. It has been observed that the drought phenomenon has severe impacts on the agriculture, hydrology, social, and economic sectors of lowland areas. This study focuses on how drought, defined as a precipitation shortage, occurs in higher altitudes of the Tatra National Par...

The presented paper deals with the evaluation of the historic bioclimatological data (air temperature and precipitation) between the years 1966-1970. The data originate from eight geomorphological characteristics of the area. The main idea was to establish the local net of meteorological stations in order to get general as well as specific climatic...

The present paper deals with the assessment of climate characteristics during the period 2009–2014. The selected localities are situated in sub-montane and montane regions of the Zvolen valley and surrounding presenting a wide altitudinal gradient from 350 m a.s.l. to 1264 m a.s.l. We focused on the evaluation of climatological drought in the perio...

The paper deals with the comparison of the time series from different climate databases. We compared the measured data with the modelled data of monthly and seasonal temperature means and precipitation totals. Reliable and as long as possible time series of such data represent the basic starting point of dendroclimatic analyses. We evaluated the di...

The influence of continents and oceans plays conceptually the key role in the climate conditions of Europeans regions. Continentality is also an important phytogeographic factor of vegetation distribution in Slovakia. This study analysed continentality development at six meteorological stations in Slovakia during the periods 1951–2013, or 1961–2013...

In the presented paper we deal with the impact of the mature spruce stand on the accumulation and melting of snow cover at Cervenec research area located in the Western Tatras at an elevation of 1420 m a.s.l. The work analyses the data obtained from the monitoring of snow cover during the period 2009-2014 (6 seasons). Since the season 2012/2013 the...

90th anniversary of the fall of the most tragic avalanche in Slovakia, Rybô, Veľká Fatra: Proceedings of a scientific conference held on 4 February 2014 at the Technical University in Zvolen, Slovak republic. Editor Milan LONGAUER, Editor Martin BARTÍK, Editor Jaroslav ŠKVARENINA. Elected: Technical University in Zvolen, 2015. The largest avalanc...

In the presented paper we deal with the impact of the mature spruce stand on the accumulation and melting of snow cover at Červenec research area located in the Western Tatras at an elevation of 1420 m a.s.l. The work analyses the data obtained from the monitoring of snow cover during the period 2009–2014 (6 seasons). Since the season 2012/2013 the...

The onset of the phenological phases, such as budburst, leaf development, flowering, fruiting, and leaf senescence, is evoked by the genetically determined internal periodicity of vegetation and significantly affected by climate conditions. Therefore, the timing of the onset of phenological phases is considered as a good indicator of climate change...

Manna ash (Fraxinus ornus L.) is the small tree of warm and dry localities with the center of geographic distribution in Mediterranean and the northern border of its native area in southern regions of Slovakia. The course of the spring generative phenological phases of this species was studied in allochthonous population in Central Slovakia (Radvaň...

The paper deals with the comparison of the time series from different climate databases. We compared the measured data with the modelled data of monthly and seasonal temperature means and precipitation totals. Reliable and as long as possible time series of such data represent the basic starting point of dendroclimatic analyses. We evaluated the di...

Plants phenology responses is a reliable marker of the climate conditions. Since we see significant changes of regional climate patterns, serious question of phenological responses to this change is in the place. Because of this, our case study aims on comparison of spring phenophases onset in The National Nature Reserve (NPR) Boky in the period 20...

The paper deals with evaluation of drought occurence using the SPI. The aim of the paper is to evaluate severe drought events using the SPI for 12 months, monthly trend analysis of the index time series in the period from 1966 to 2013 and to estimate drought impacts on agriculture, forestry and ecology over the region. The results showed cyclical a...

In this study we analyzed the effect of selected biometeorological variables on the onset of phenophases in three beech stands in different climatic areas (warm, moderately warm and cold). We have focused on two phenophases - leaf unfolding and leaf colouring. Timing of both phenophases was identified visually and using series of MODIS satellite im...

The paper focuses on the evaluation of transpiration as a physiological process, which is very sensitive to drought stress. Reactions of 25-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees to drought were examined during 2009 summer. Sap flow rate (SF), meteorological and soil characteristics were measured continually. Vapour pressure deficit...

In our study we focused on advanced software applications to allow simulation of an avalanche. We used the model ELBA+, by which we tried to assess the vulnerability of mountain environments around the old mining settlement called Magurka (1036 m a.s.l.), which lies below the main ridge of Low Tatras at the end of Ľupčianská valley. The avalanche i...

The study focused on the temporal dynamics of soil water content (SWC) and soil microbial activity characterized by basal respiration and catalase activity in the litter (OL), fragmented (OF), and humus (OH) subhorizons of the forest floor and the mineral A-horizon, in relation to air temperature and rainfall. The study was conducted at three plots...