Siting Xiong

Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), P.R. China.

We demonstrate the capabilities of a published MADNet monocular height estimation network in producing a refined digital terrain model (DTM) mosaic at 50 cm/pixel resolution for the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover landing site in Jezero crater on Mars. Our approach utilizes the publicly available Mars 2020 Terrain Relative Navigation (TRN) High‐Resolu...

As one of the most densely populated and rapidly growing metropolitan areas worldwide, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China has been developing extensive metro networks to relieve the escalating traffic congestion inner cities and to shorten public transport time inter cities. Metro construction possibly triggers ground def...

The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is a megaproject which has been constructed to alleviate imbalanced water resource distribution between northern and southern China. It encompasses three routes distributed in the east, central, and west of China, respectively. The central route (CR) of the SNWDP starts from the Danjiangkou Reservo...

Context. Oxia Planum is a mid-latitude region on Mars that attracts a great amount of interest worldwide. An orbiting radar provides an effective way to probe the Martian subsurface and detect buried layers or geomorphological features. The Shallow radar orbital radar system on board the NASA Mars reconnaissance orbiter transmits pulsed signals tow...

We demonstrate the creation of a large area of high-resolution (260 × 209 km2 at 1 m/pixel) DTM mosaic from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) images over the Chang’E-4 landing site at Von Kármán crater using an in-house deep learning-based 3D modelling system developed at University College London, called MADN...

Context. The lunar penetrating radar (LPR) carried by the Yutu-2 rover performed the first in situ measurement of the subsurface structure and physical properties of the subsurface materials on the far side of the Moon. It provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the formation and evolution of the lunar surface. Aims. This paper aims to quant...

The proper use of distributed scatterer (DS) can improve both the density and quality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) measurements. A critical step in DS interferometry is the restoration of a consistent phase series from the SAR interferogram stacks. Most state-of-the-art algorithms adopt an approximate likelihood function...

Flatness is an important parameter for the quality assessment of concrete floors. Traditional flatness inspection methods have problems with sparse sampling and low efficiency for large concrete floors. In this paper, a rapid flatness inspection method for large concrete floors based on a wheeled robot with an aided inertial navigation system (INS)...

We propose using coupled deep learning based super-resolution restoration (SRR) and single-image digital terrain model (DTM) estimation (SDE) methods to produce subpixel-scale topography from single-view ESA Trace Gas Orbiter Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) and NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter High Resolution Imaging Science Exper...

Deformation monitoring and risk identification of sea-crossing bridges are essential to mitigate hazards and prevent loss of human life and property. Satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) technology can detect millimeter-scale deformation, showing unique advantages in the safety monitoring of sea-crossing bridges. However,...

The High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter provides remotely sensed imagery at the highest spatial resolution at 25–50 cm/pixel of the surface of Mars. However, due to the spatial resolution being so high, the total area covered by HiRISE targeted stereo acquisitions is very limited. This results...

We demonstrate an end-to-end application of the in-house deep learning-based surface modelling system, called MADNet, to produce three large area 3D mapping products from single images taken from the ESA Mars Express’s High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), the NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s Context Camera (CTX), and the High Resolution Imaging...

The lack of adequate stereo coverage and where available, lengthy processing time, various artefacts, and unsatisfactory quality and complexity of automating the selection of the best set of processing parameters, have long been big barriers for large-area planetary 3D mapping. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based solution, called MADNet...

Higher spatial resolution imaging data are considered desirable in many Earth observation applications. In this work, we propose and demonstrate the TARSGAN (learning Terrestrial image deblurring using Adaptive weighted dense Residual Super-resolution Generative Adversarial Network) system for Super-resolution Restoration (SRR) of 10 m/pixel Sentin...

The synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) technique has been applied in monitoring the deformation of infrastructures, such as bridges, highways, railways and subways. Persistent scatterer (PS)-InSAR is one of the InSAR techniques, which utilises persistent scatterers to derive long-term displacements. This study applied time-series metho...

Abstract The Central Elysium Planitia (CEP) is one of the youngest geological units on Mars and displays evidence of volcanic and fluvial activities on the surface. The origin of the CEP material has long been debated with a range of hypotheses from purely fluvial to solely volcanic origins. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of SHAl...

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has been more and more applied in acquiring long-term deformation of land surface in a large coverage and is becoming a routine investigation technique. Validation of the InSAR results depends largely on the in situ measurements. These measurements are usually point-wise and of high cost, as many s...

There are abundant resources buried underground that are difficult to be investigated remotely. This thesis is concerned with the development and utility of various novel processing methods for different radar instruments in the field of subsurface mapping on Earth and Mars. Firstly, advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging and Interferometr...

Subsurface layers are preserved in polar regions on Mars, which are considered to be a record of past climate changes on Mars. Orbital radar instruments like the SHAllow RADar (SHARAD) on board Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) transmit radar signals to Mars and receive a set of signals returned from interfaces having a contrast in dielectric prope...

Digital Terrain Model (DTM) creation is essential to improving our understanding of the formation processes of the Martian surface. Although there have been previous demonstrations of open-source or commercial planetary 3D reconstruction software, planetary scientists are still struggling with creating good quality DTMs that meet their science need...

Englacial layering reflects ice dynamics within the ice bodies, which improves understanding of ice flow variation, past accumulation rates and vertical flows transferring between the surface and the underlying bedrock. The internal layers can be observed by using Radar Echo Sounding (RES), such as the Multi-channel Coherent Radar Depth Sounder (MC...

The 2003 Beagle 2 Mars lander has been identified in Isidis Planitia at 90.43° E, 11.53° N, close to the predicted target of 90.50° E, 11.53° N. Beagle 2 was an exobiology lander designed to look for isotopic and compositional signs of life on Mars, as part of the European Space Agency Mars Express (MEX) mission. The 2004 recalculation of the origi...

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry has been utilised to acquire high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with wide coverage, particularly for persistently cloud-covered regions where stereophotogrammetry is hard to apply. Since the discovery of sand buried drainage systems by the Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A) L-band m...

There has been a revolution in 3D surface imaging of Mars over the last 12 years with systematic stereoscopy from HRSC. Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) and OrthoRectified Images (ORIs) have been produced for almost 50% of the Martian surface. DLR, together with the HRSC science team, produced 3D HRSC mosaic products for large regions comprising aroun...

Extracting lines from an imagery is a solved problem in the field of edge detection. Different to images taken by camera, radargrams are a set of radar echo profiles, which record wave energy reflected by subsurface reflectors, at each location of a radar footprint along the satellite's ground track. The radargrams record where there is a dielectri...

Accumulation of snow and ice over time result in ice sheet layers. These can be remotely sensed where there is a contrast in electromagnetic properties, which reflect variations of the ice density, acidity and fabric orientation. Internal ice layers are assumed to be isochronous, deep beneath the ice surface, and parallel to the direction of ice fl...

Accumulation of snow and ice over time result in ice sheet layers. These can be remotely sensed where there is a contrast in electromagnetic properties, which reflect variations of the ice density, acidity and fabric orientation. Internal ice layers are assumed to be isochronous, deep beneath the ice surface, and parallel to the direction of ice fl...

Using conventional two-pass interferometry to generate DEM with high frequency SAR data may be confronted with the problem of poor coherence in areas covered by dense vegetation, while DEM generated from low frequency SAR data interferometry is less sensitive to the topographic relief. Therefore, this article aims at generating high quality DEM by...

As a component of interferometric phase, atmospheric phase influences accuracy of millimetric land deformation measurement. Though Atmospheric Phase Screen (APS) can be estimated by Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) technology, they are pseudo without consideration of actual atmospheric state and topography. T...

The sensor calibration accuracy is an important indicator of SAR satellite system's performance and data quality. Towards geometric and radiometric calibration of Radarsat- 2 satellite (RS2), this paper researched the procedure and key techniques of space-borne SAR field calibration, including corner reflectors' (CRs) design, CRs' arrangement in th...

Phase unwrapping is a key step inD-InSAR(Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) and directly affectsthe precisionof displacement fieldobtained by this technology.In addition, a prerequisite of correctphase unwrapping is the continuity ofinterferogram becausephase unwrapping process totally relies on phase offsetsbetween pixels. Thus...

A variety of small-scale projects have been running during the DRAGON-2 project term involving collaborations between 6 different research groups. There has been continuing interest in geohazards throughout the Three Gorges region and this has stimulated much research focused on the use of frequently acquired SAR images from a variety of sensors. T...

We propose a simple model for solving 3D rectangular coordination transformation adapted to arbitrary rotation, and give the method based on total least-squares and least-squares to solve this model. A simulation example proves the validity of the model, and different results between total least-squares and least-squares are analyzed.