Simon von Stengel

Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg | FAU · Department of Physics

Introduction: Aquatic or water-based exercise is a very popular type of exercise in particular for people with physical limitations, joint problems and fear of falling. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide evidence for the effect of aquatic exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in adults. Methods: A systematic literatur...

Objectives Due to their pronounced anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in inflammatory conditions and organ transplants. Unfortunately, GC-induced osteoporosis is one of the most common causes of secondary osteoporosis. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the...

Vertebral fractures are frequent clinical consequences of osteoporosis. Considering the demographic change in Europe, the number of vertebral fractures will quite likely increase during the next decades. Apart from pharmaceutic agents and physiotherapy, spinal orthoses are established elements of conservative therapy for vertebral (body) fractures....

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is an innovative training method that stimulates large areas simultaneously. In order to determine the spatial distribution of WB-EMS with respect to volume involvement and stimulation depth, we determined the extent of intramuscular edema using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a marker of structural eff...

Das vorliegende essential versteht sich als kompaktes Nachschlagewerk für Fragen und Aspekte rund um ein körperliches Training im Spannungsfeld der Osteoporose und Frakturprophylaxe. Schwerpunkt sind dabei evidenzbasierte Strategien und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Primär- und Sekundärprävention der Osteoporose, respektive zur Frakturreduktion sowie K...

Neben einem positiven Gesamteffekt zeigen die in Abb. 2.1 abgebildeten Ergebnisse eine hohe (signifikante) Heterogenität mit zum Teil negativen Effekten einzelner Studien. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass einige applizierte Trainingsprotokolle schlicht keinen oder sogar negativen Effekt auf den avisierten Endpunkt „Frakturreduktion“ hatten. Tatsächlich...

Personen mit erhöhtem Knochenumsatz und/oder Personen mit leichter Reduktion der Knochendichte (Osteopenie) ohne erhöhtes Sturzrisiko, können problemlos ein Training in qualifizierten gesundheitsorientierten Fitnessstudios oder Sportvereinen betreiben. Gängige Angebote wie (High-Impact-)Aerobic und Kurse (zunächst) an Kraftgeräten oder (später) mit...

Nur wenige Trainingsstudien sind ausreichend teilnehmerstark oder/und zeitlich umfassend, um die statistische „Power“ an Teilnehmerjahren zu generieren, die eine belastbare Berechnung des statistischen Effekts auf den avisierten Frakturtyp zulässt. Fokussiert man auf die Hüftfraktur, so wird die enorme Stichprobengröße von über 2300 Personen/Studie...

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Körperliches Training und antiresorptive pharmakologische Therapie wirken über unterschiedliche Mechanismen auf den Knochenstoffwechsel ein. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Ansatz, ob eine Bisphosphonat-Behandlung durch zusätzliches körperliches Training additive Effekte auf die Knochendichte (BMD) an Len...

Zusammenfassung Konsequent supervisiertes, kompetent angeleitetes und behutsam aufgebautes HIT-KT mit modernen Kraftgeräten kann als sichere, attraktive, zeitsparende und effektive Trainingsmethode zur Verbesserung der Knochendichte in einem Kollektiv selbstständig lebender älterer Männer mit Osteosarkopenie angesehen werden.

The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021250467) was to evaluate the effects of exercise on low‐trauma overall and major osteoporotic fractures (hip, spine, forearm or humerus fractures) and to determine the corresponding effect of supervision of the exercise program. Our systematic search of six literature data...

Context: There is some evidence that an adequate "anabolic hormonal milieu" is essential for mechanosensitivity/-transduction/-response of bone tissue. Objective: To determine whether enhancing Hormone Therapy (HT) with exercise increases the isolated effect of HT on BMD at lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). Methods: A comprehensive sear...

Purpose: The primary objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effect of differing exercise intensity on (areal) bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine and hip in adults by a comparative meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement included: (a) exerci...

In contrast to postmenopausal women, evidence for a favorable effect of exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is still limited for men. This might be due to the paucity of studies, but also to the great variety of participants and study characteristics that may dilute study results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to...

Exercise frequency is a key aspect of exercise protocols. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we determined the effect of training frequency on (areal) bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine (LS) and hip. Reviewing seven electronic databases up to April 2021, we conducted a systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA st...

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), an innovative training technology, is considered as a joint-friendly, highly customizable and particularly time-effective option for improving muscle strength and stability, body composition and pain relief. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 16 weeks of once-weekly WB-EMS on maxim...

The present study aimed to determine the effect of detraining on muscle quality (MQ) in older men with osteosarcopenia. Forty-three community-dwelling older men (78 ± 4 years) were randomly allocated to a consistently supervised high-intensity resistance exercise training (HIRT) group (n = 21) or a control group (CG, n = 22). The HIRT scheduled a p...

The aim of this multicenter trial was to compare the effects of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) and whole-body vibration (WBV) with conventional back-strengthening training (CT) on changes in mean back pain intensity (MPI) and trunk strength in patients suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Two-hundred and forty CNLBP...

Purpose: Temporary cessation of exercise but maintenance of habitual physical activity might be a frequent situation in older people's lives. Particularly the COVID-19 induced lockdown of exercise training facilities with individual outdoor activities still being allowed might be a blueprint for this potentially harmful scenario. Thus, the aim of...

Periods of absence from supervised group exercise while maintaining physical activity might be a frequent pattern in adults' exercise habits. The aim of the present study was to determine detraining effects on musculoskeletal outcomes after a 3-month detraining period in early post-menopausal, osteopenic women. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we term...

Adherence is important for an exercise program’s efficacy. This study aims at investigating whether the COVID-19 lockdown had different consequences on the adherence to an exercise program specifically designed for women with postmenopausal osteoporosis when administered as individual home training (IHT) or gym group training (GGT). At the start of...

This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to determine the efficacy on whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on body composition and strength parameters in non-athletic cohorts. A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement included (a) controlled trials, (b) WB-EMS trials with at least one exercise and one cont...

Michael Hettchen,1 Simon von Stengel,1 Matthias Kohl,2 Marie H Murphy,3 Mahdieh Shojaa,1 Mansour Ghasemikaram,1 Laura Bragonzoni,4 Francesco Benvenuti,4 Claudio Ripamonti,5 Maria Grazia Benedetti,6 Mikko Julin,7 Tapani Risto,7 Wolfgang Kemmler1 1Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; 2Depa...

Purpose Detraining after dedicated exercise programs might be a frequent situation in older people's exercise patterns. The aim of the present study was thus to determine the effects of 6 months of detraining after 18 months of high intensity resistance exercise (HIT-RT) on musculoskeletal outcomes in older men with sarcopenia. Methods Community-d...

Objectives Sarcopenia is related to the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk-factors (CRF). Most exercise trials apply aerobic rather than resistance exercise to address CRF, while the strategy for maintaining muscle and bone is the opposite. However, there is considerable evidence that resistance exercise positively affects...

In this sub-analysis of a comprehensive meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the effect of different types of exercise on (areal) bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement included (a) controlled trials, (b) with at least one exercise and one control group, (c) interv...

Citation: Kemmler W, Hettchen M, Kohl M, Murphy MH, Shojaa M, Ghasemikaram M, et al. (2020) Effects of High Intensity Exercise during Early Postmenopause-the Randomized Controlled ACTLIFE-Study. J Osteopor Phys Act 8:228. ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a dedicated exercise program on important menopausal risk factors a...

Dynamic resistance exercise (DRT) might be the most promising agent for fighting sarcopenia in older people. However, the positive effect of DRT on osteopenia/osteoporosis in men has still to be confirmed. In order to evaluate the effect of low volume/high intensity (HIT)‐DRT on bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in men...

Zusammenfassung Osteoporotische Frakturen sind ein hochrelevantes Problem unserer überalterten Gesellschaft. Die zentralen Zielparameter, welche in diesem Zusammenhang im Rahmen eines körperlichen Trainings angesteuert werden können, sind die Bereiche „Sturzhäufigkeit“ und „Knochenfestigkeit“ als wesentliche Determinanten des Frakturrisikos. Die Ko...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of high intensity dynamic resistance exercise (HIT-DRT) and whey protein supplementation (WPS) on bone mineral density (BMD) and sarcopenia parameters in osteosarcopenic men. Men ≥ 72 years with osteosarcopenia (n = 43) were randomly assigned to a HIT-RT (HIT-RT: n = 21) or a non-training control group...

To date, there has been no study on the long-term effects of resistance exercise on sarcopenia and obesity indices for people with sarcopenia. The present study thus aimed to determine the effect of 18 months of periodized, high-velocity/intensity/effort progressive resistance training (HIT-RT) on body composition and strength in older men with ost...

Zusammenfassung Ziel dieser Metaanalyse war es (1) den Effekt eines dynamischen Krafttrainings (DRT) auf die Knochendichte (BMD) der Lendenwirbelsäule (LWS) einzuschätzen, (2) günstige Belastungs-komponenten zu identifizieren und (3) Trainingsempfehlungen abzuleiten. Eine systematische Literaturrecherche schloss (a) kontrollierte Studien, (b) DRT ≥...

Zusammenfassung Eine wesentliche Limitation des Rehabilitationssports gemäß § 64 SGB IX ist die fehlende Evidenz seiner Effektivität auf indikationsspezifische Größen. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es, den Effekt eines 18-monatigen Rehabilitationssport-Programmes (RS-Programm) gemäß § 64 SGB IX auf Frakturgrößen postmenopausaler Frauen zu...

Postmenopausal women face a high risk of bone loss. Exercise has a beneficial effect to prevent bone deterioration in elderly women. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different types of exercise on bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and femoral neck in postmenopausal women. This review followed the guidelines recommended b...

Cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases are leading causes of death worldwide. Exercise favorably affects this problem, however only few invest (enough) time to favorably influence cardiometabolic risk-factors and cardiac morphology/performance. Time-effective, high-intensity, low-volume exercise protocols might increase people's commitment to...

Osteoporosis is a major health problem in post-menopausal women (PMW). Exercise training is considered a cost-effective strategy to prevent osteoporosis in middle aged-older people. The purpose of this study is to summarize the effect of exercise on BMD among PMW. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted through PubMed, Scopus,...

Purpose: Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) especially in combination with a high-protein supplementation has been established as an efficient treatment against sarcopenia. However, there are several case reports of rhabdomyolysis after WB-EMS application. Thus, we asked if this training could potentially lead to deteriorations of the cardi...

This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to determine the effect of dynamic resistance exercise (DRT) on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in postmenopausal women and derive evidence-based recommendations for optimized training protocols. A systematic review of the literature according to the PRISMA statement included (a) controlled trials,...

In their recent viewpoint and article, Stöllberger and Finsterer 1 2 criticize the inadequate regulation of “whole body-electromyostimulation” (WB-EMS), potentially responsible for a variety of adverse effects recently reported. 3-6 Indeed, in contrast to locally applied EMS, the stimulation of all, or at least most, major muscle groups characteriz...

Considerably decreased muscle mass and function are subsumed under "sarcopenia," a geriatric syndrome. Dedicated exercise programs maintain muscle mass and function; however, due to the limited enthusiasm of older adults to exercise, it is important to generate low-threshold interventions for this vulnerable cohort. Thus, the primary aim of this st...

Objective: This study aimed to compare a state-of-the-art bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) device with two-point Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the quantification of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as a health-related risk factor. Methods: A total of 63 male participants were measured using a 3-T MRI scanner and a segmental, mult...

Purpose: Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass combined with the loss of muscle function, has become a public health issue. There is an urgent need for interventions. The study aimed to determine the effect of high-intensity resistance training (HI-RT), a time- and cost-efficient training modality, on sarcopenia in osteosarcopenic (OS) older men. M...

Rare but regularly recurring complications are leading to ongoing regulation of the commercial, non-medical whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) market. In addition to the revised German Radiation Protection Statutes (NiSV), the ?Deutsche Industrie Norm? (DIN) 33961-5 was recently published with safety policies for WB-EMS application, anchorin...

Background: Low back pain (LBP) affects almost everyone at least once in their lifetime. Various meta-analyses show promising effects on pain reduction for conventional exercise. However, the lack of time and, especially for pain patients, a fear of movement ("kinesiophobia") as well as functional limitations often oppose participation in such act...

Zusammenfassung Körperliches Training kann alle Größen des Frakturrisikos positiv beeinflussen, ein direkter Nachweis des frakturreduktiven Potentials fehlt indes. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, den frakturpräventiven Effekt körperlichen Trainings zu belegen und die trainings-wissenschaftlich/organisatorische Vorgehensweise am Beispiel der Erlanger...

Purpose: Overweight and obesity are an increasing problem worldwide. However, most studies that focus on weight reduction by energy restriction and/or aerobic exercise reported considerable loss of muscle mass as well. Increased protein intake and/or resistance exercise might inhibit this detrimental effect during a negative energy balance. Whole-b...

Purpose Declines in muscle mass and function are inevitable during the aging process. However, what is the “normal age appropriate” decline of muscle mass and function? Further, is this decline uniform for muscle mass versus functions or between different functional abilities? Using recognized Sarcopenia criteria [i.e. skeletal muscle mass index (S...

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Untersuchung war es, den Zusammenhang zwischen Sarkopenie und Osteoporose bei älteren Männern zu erfassen. Selbstständig lebende Männer, 72 Jahre + mit einer morphometrischen Sarkopenie (n = 78), wurden in die Untersuchung eingeschlossen. Mittels multipler Regressionsanalyse wurde insb. der Erklärungsbeitrag der Sarkopeniek...

Background Declines in muscle mass and function are inevitable developments of the advanced aging process. Corresponding dimensions of longitudinal changes in at-risk populations are still scarce although clinically relevant. The present study monitored changes in morphologic and functional sarcopenia criteria related to sarcopenia in older men wit...

Background: There is growing evidence that warm-up protocols favorably affect golf performance. Golf-specific movements superimposed by whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) might be a promising method to increase the efficiency of warm-up before a golf challenge, be it a match or driving range. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determin...

Introduction: Recent meta-analyses on compression garments have reported faster recovery of muscle function particularly after intense eccentric power or resistance exercise. However, due to the complex interaction between cohorts included, exercises involved and compression applied, recovery length and modalities, and outcome parameters selected,...

Background/Objective. Not only but particularly due to their time efficiency, High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is becoming increasingly popular in fitness-oriented endurance sports. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a HIIT running program versus a Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise (MICE) training running program (...

Background: The age-related decline in muscle strength is a well documented phenomenon in human beings. Resistance-type exercise including the novel, joint-friendly, and time-efficient whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) technology decelerates this unfavorable decline. However, the issue of trainability of the neuromuscular system during dif...

Age-related loss of muscle mass and function, also called sarcopenia, was recently added to the ICD-10 as an independent condition. However, declines in muscle mass and function are inevitable during the adulthood aging process. Concerning muscle strength as a crucial aspect of muscle function, maximum knee extension strength might be the most impo...

Background/objective: In soccer the recovery time between matches is often not long enough for complete restoration. Insufficient recovery can result in reduced performance and a higher risk of injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of Deep Oscillation (DO) as a recovery method. Methods: In a randomized crossover study...

Purpose Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most frequent chronic conditions worldwide. Data from a recent meta-analysis indicated that whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), a time-effective, joint–friendly, and highly individualized training technology, demonstrated promising effects on LBP; however, methodologic limitations prevent definitive...

The primary aim of the project was to determine the combined effect of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) and protein supplements on local and overall muscle/fat distribution in older man with sarcopenic obesity (SO). Community-dwelling (cdw) men ≥ 70 years with SO were randomly allocated to a WB-EMS and protein supplementation (n = 33) or a...

Background The aim of this strictly statistical approach was to provide a figure discrimination in a homogeneous cohort that is based on a main component, which includes disability, physical performance, and autonomy parameters. Methods We used data of 939 community-dwelling men aged ≥70 years, living in the area of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Bri...

Exercise positively affects most risk factors, diseases and disabling conditions of middle to advanced age, however the majority of middle-aged to older people fall short of the exercise doses recommended for positively affecting cardio-metabolic, musculoskeletal and neurophysiological fitness or disabling conditions. Whole-Body Electromyostimulati...