Silvana L Górniak

Silvana L Górniak
University of São Paulo | USP · Department of Pathology (Sao Paulo)

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184
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Publications

Publications (184)
Article
This study analyzed the residue depletion kinetics of ivermectin (IVM) in Nelore and crossbred (Nelore x Angus) cattle aiming to compare the profiles between the breeds and evaluate the residue levels at the injection site. IVM 1%, at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, was administered via the subcutaneous route, and tissue samples were collected on different da...
Article
Water temperature is a critical environmental parameter that significantly influences fish metabolism. This study assessed the metabolism of florfenicol (FF) in tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) at water temperatures typical of tropical and subtropical regions. Fish were treated with FF by oral administration of a dose of 10 mg kg ⁻¹ bw for 10 cons...
Article
Full-text available
Before being made available to the Brazilian market, all veterinary medicines must be registered with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock after their efficacy, safety, and quality have been proven through clinical studies and scientific literature. Depending on the product class, the studies required by the regulatory authority must be carrie...
Article
Ivermectin (IVM) is one of the most widely used antiparasitic drugs worldwide and has become the drug of choice for anthelmintic and tick treatment in beef cattle production. Drugs used in production animals requires a withdrawal period after treatment to avoid residual concentrations above the defined maximun residue level (MRL). The aims of this...
Article
Full-text available
Antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) in animal production have been related to the increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria. The AGP ban in many countries has highlighted the growing need for alternatives for feed additives. Considering the non-antibiotic anti-inflammatory theory of AGPs, chicks received three different doses of sodium salicylate...
Article
Leucaena leucocephala is a plant that is used as animal and human food worldwide. This plant contains the toxic compound namely L-mimosine. The main mechanism of action of this compound involves its ability to chelate metal ions, which may interfere with the proliferative activity of cells and being studied for the treatment of cancer. However, lit...
Article
Full-text available
Antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) have been banned from animal husbandry owing to their association with the occurrence of bacterial resistance. Although the mechanism of action of AGP is still unknown, it is believed to be related to an anti-inflammatory action in the gastrointestinal tract. In this context, the aim of the present study was to...
Article
Leucaena leucocephala is a worldwide plant used as forage; however, its use in animal production has been limited because of the presence of a toxic nonprotein amino acid, L-mimosine. L-mimosine exhibits negative effects not only in ruminants but also in monogastric animals; however, there is little information available on the effect of this amino...
Book
--- TEMOS ALGUNS DESSES GUIAS FÍSICOS PARA ENVIO AOS VETERINÁRIOS E VETERINÁRIAS INTERESSADOS, entre em contato --- Esse Guia tem o objetivo de expandir o conhecimento dos Médicos-Veterinários sobre plantas ornamentais e alimentos de origem vegetal que são tóxicos para animais de companhia, especificamente cães e gatos, mas também abordando estudos...
Article
This article presents the determination of eight pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) by LC-MS/MS in hon-eys, pollen, and Senecio brasiliensis (Asteraceae) samples, all from Santa Catarina state, Brazil. In addition, the Box-Behnken design was used to perform an optimized sample preparation on pol-lens and S. brasiliensis parts. Senecionine and its N-oxid...
Article
Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant found in Brazil and other tropical countries. The plant contains the alkaloids calystegines and swainsonine, which inhibit key cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. It is known that swainsonine is excreted in the amniotic fluid of dams exposed to the plant. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify whethe...
Article
Ivermectin (IVM) is one of the most widely used antiparasitic drugs worldwide and has become the drug of choice for anthelmintic and tick treatment in beef cattle production. It is known that pharmacokinetic parameters are fundamental to the rational use of a drug and food safety and these parameters are influenced by different factors. The aim of...
Book
Full-text available
The Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods (CCRVDF) at its 23rd session requested the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide scientific advice and risk management options in order to mitigate the unintended and unavoidable presence of residues of approved ve...
Article
Cynara scolymus (C.scolymus) is a plant employed worldwide as an herbal medicine. However, there is a paucity of data related to the evaluation of its toxicity in commercial preparations; thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible teratogenic effect of the dry extract of C.scolymus leaves in Wistar rats. Females were treated, from ges...
Article
Cynara scolymus is a plant used both as food as well as medicinal plant worldwide. Cynarin is one of the main active principles of the plant, and it is also present in species such as Echinacea purpurae, which is known to have immunomodulatory activity. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the immune effects of C. scolymus in rats. Rats...
Article
Full-text available
Studies have revealed that impairment of the pregnant body weight reduces the fetal body weight and causes minor changes in skeletal development. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of maternal feed restriction during pregnancy in offspring immune system development. Pregnant Wistar rats were distributed into 5 groups: 1 control...
Article
Full-text available
Pseudanabaena galeata, a well-known toxin-producer, is commonly found in water supplies. In order to assess potential risks associated with oral exposure to this cyanobacterium, mouse toxicological studies were carried out with the monoespecific strain P. galeata CCIBt 3082, which has been kept in culture since 1996. In our studies, the acute oral...
Article
Senna occidentalis is a toxic leguminous plant found in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world and causes poisoning mainly in confined animals. The seeds are the most toxic part of the plant and may be present in animal rations. The main toxic component of the S. occidentalis seed is a dianthrone, an anthraquinone-derived compound that...
Article
Full-text available
Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant found in Brazil and other tropical and subtropical countries and often causes poisoning of livestock. The plant contains the alkaloids swainsonine and calystegines, which inhibit key cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. This study evaluated the behavioral effects of prenatal ingestion of this plant on da...
Article
Senna occidentalis (S. occidentalis) is a toxic leguminous plant that contaminates crops and has been shown to be toxic to several animal species. All parts of the plant are toxic, but most of the plant's toxicity is due to its seeds. Despite its toxicity, S. occidentalis is widely used for therapeutic purposes in humans. The aim of the present wor...
Article
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Casearia sylvestris S.w (Salicaceae) is catalogued by the Brazilian Unified Health System as a plant of interest for the Brazilian population with the purpose of treating inflammatory disorders, such as pain and gastrointestinal disorders based on the folk use and some literature about efficacy; however, no toxicolo...
Article
Full-text available
Cyanide is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment and has been associated with many intoxication episodes; however, little is known about its potentially toxic effects on development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal exposure to potassium cyanide (KCN) during pregnancy on both sows and their offspring. Twenty-four pre...
Conference Paper
Casearia sylvestris Sw (Salicaceae) is widely used as a medici-nal plant in folk medicine of Brazil with the purpose of treating inflammatory disorders, such as pain and gastrointestinal; how-ever, there are no toxicological studies concerned the safety of the leaves extract of this plant have been reported. Therefore, the aim of the present study...
Article
Ipomoea carnea (I. carnea) is a toxic plant in Brazil and other tropical countries that often poisons livestock; its primary toxin is swainsonine. Some substances that interact with the endocrine system have been called endocrine disruptors (EDs). Considering swainsonine's mode of action, it is feasible to hypothesize that this compound could act a...
Article
Full-text available
Recent studies have attributed the presence of several toxic chemicals during pregnancy to maternal malnutrition. A deficit in maternal nutritional status may be crucial for the development of teratogenicity. However, nowadays, the concept of teratogenesis is not restricted to structural abnormalities, but, also, to functional changes, such as, for...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this study was to assess the toxic effects of zearalenone (ZEA) on the immune function. Ovariectomised rats were treated daily by gavage with 3.0 mg/kg of ZEA for 28 days. Body weight gain, food consumption, haemotological parameters, lymphoid organs, and their cellularities were evaluated. Moreover, acquired immune responses and macroph...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract Pteridium aquilinum (bracken fern), one of the most important toxic plants in the world, contains the toxic norsequiterpene ptaquiloside that induces cancers in humans and farm animals. Previous studies in the laboratory demonstrated immunotoxic effects produced by ptaquiloside, which are characterized by suppression of natural killer (NK)...
Article
This document covers the following aspects of Trust Service Providers operations: Assets: identification, classification and evaluation Threats to assets: classification and evaluation Vulnerabilities present in the environment Probability or frequency of the threat The impact that the exposure can have on the organization Countermeasures that can...
Article
This document recommends measures to mitigate the impact of security incidents on trust service providers (TSP) by proposing suitable technical and organisational means to handle the security risks posed to the TSP. This is done using a certification service provider (CSP) as representative example. The document focuses on the concepts and entities...
Article
Abstract Cyanide (CN) is an ion that has been well studied in toxicology and has been associated with several intoxication episodes: the ingestion of contaminated foods and water, chemical war, suicides, homicides, occupational exposures and the use of certain medicines. The aim of the present study was to determine the toxicokinetic parameters of...
Article
Full-text available
Cypermethrin (CY), a type II pyrethroid has become a major class of insecticides used to control of ectoparasites that infecting caged layer hens. Although many studies have been done on toxicity of CY on mammals and fishes, little has been evaluated on chicks, especially hens. Thus, this study was carried out on forty-five, 70 weeks old laying hen...
Article
Full-text available
We have reported the first record of an exotic species of mites from an avian host of the order Galliformes in Bastos region, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The new feather mite was identified as Allopsoroptoides galli n. g., n. sp. (Acari: Analgoidea: Psoroptoididae). The hens parasitized by mites had intense itching, desquamation and marked drop in...
Article
Pteridium aquilinum, one of the most important poisonous plants in the world, is known to be carcinogenic to animals and humans. Moreover, our previous studies showed that the immunosuppressive effects of ptaquiloside, its main toxic agent, were prevented by selenium in mouse natural killer (NK) cells. We also verified that this immunosuppression f...
Article
Full-text available
The effects of mimosine (MI), which is an amino acid that is derived from Leucaena leucocephala, were evaluated on the growth of ascitic Ehrlich tumors, and the effects of the combination treatment of MI and cyclophosphamide (CY) on tumor growth were also assessed. Mice were divided into groups that received the following treatments over the course...
Article
Ipomoea carnea (I. carnea) is a poisonous plant found in Brazil and other tropical countries that often poison livestock. The plant contains the alkaloids calystegines and mainly swainsonine, which inhibit cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perinatal effects of I. carnea in goats. Forty...
Article
Sodium monofluoroacetate was first identified in Dichapetalum cymosum, a South African plant that can cause livestock poisoning and death. After, several other plants also showed to contain this toxin, which leads to the "sudden death". Mascagnia rigida, a well identified poisonous plant, commonly found in northeast of Brazil also cause sudden deat...
Article
Cypermethrin dust was evaluated as a tool for the integrated management of lesser mealworms (also called the darkling beetle), Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). This experiment examined the efficacy of the cypermethrin against adult and late instar lesser mealworms under laboratory conditions. Two bioassay methods were evaluated, using either a petr...
Article
Full-text available
Ipomoea carnea Jacq. ssp. fistulosa (Mart. Ex Choisy; Convolvulaceae; I. carnea) possesses a toxic component: an indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine (SW) that has immunomodulatory effects due to its inhibition of glycoprotein metabolism. It is also known that SW is excreted into both the amniotic fluid and milk of female rats exposed to I. carnea. Th...
Article
Full-text available
SAPUVETNET is the acronym of "Red de Salud Publica Veterinaria/Network of Veterinary Public Health", a series of projects co-financed under the EU ALFA program, aimed to support an International network on Veterinary Public Health (VPH) constituted by Faculties of Veterinary Medicine from Latin-America (LA) and Europe (EU) (http://www.sapuvetnet.or...
Article
This study is the first in the literature to focus attention on the possible immunotoxic effect of integerrimine N-oxide content in the butanolic residue (BR) of Senecio brasiliensis, a poisonous hepatotoxic plant that contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). PAs have been reported as a pasture and food contaminant and as herbal medicine used worldw...
Article
Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant found in Brazil and other tropical and subtropical countries and often causes poisoning of livestock. The plant contains the alkaloids swainsonine and calystegines, which inhibit key cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. This study evaluated the behavioral effects of prenatal ingestion of this plant on da...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Chapter
This book contains 124 chapters focusing on the various poisonous plants and mycotoxins and their effects on livestock. The effects of the chemical constituents of these poisonous plants and mycotoxins on the liver, reproductive, nervous and other organ systems of laboratory and farm animals are discussed and the different methods used in assessing...
Article
Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant that grows in tropical areas, and is readily consumed by grazing goats. The plant contains the alkaloids swainsonine and calystegines, which inhibit cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. This study evaluated the behavioral effects on dams and kids of prenatal ingestion of this plant. Freshly harvested lea...
Article
Full-text available
Toxic principles from seeds of Aeschynomene indica collected in Brazil were analyzed. Dalpanol, 12 α-hydroxydalpanol and 11-hydroxydalpanol were identified using 1H NMR in A. indica for the first time. 11 -hydroxydalpanol has not been previously reported in the existing literature. Furthermore these rotenoids are likely the toxic principles that ca...
Article
We have previously shown that bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) has immunomodulatory effects on mouse natural killer (NK) cells by reducing cytotoxicity. Alternatively, it has been demonstrated that selenium can enhance NK cell activity. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to evaluate if ptaquiloside, the main toxic component found in P....
Article
Ipomoea carneaJacq. ssp. fistulosa (Mart. Ex Choisy; Convolvulaceae; I. carnea<) possesses a toxic component: an indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine (SW) that has immunomodulatory effects due to its inhibition of glycoprotein metabolism. It is also known that SW is excreted into both the amniotic fluid and milk of female rats exposed to I. carnea. Th...
Article
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a major source of dietary energy for humans and domestic animals in many tropical countries. However, consumption of cassava is limited by its characteristic content of cyanogenic glycosides. The present work aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of ingestion of cassava leaves by goats for 30 consecutive days, an...
Conference Paper
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin synthesized by several species of Fusarium. This mycotoxin is implicated in several reproductive disorders in farm animals and also in human. Because of its estrogenic effect, the purpose of the present study was to verify if ZEA, as verified in many studies with estrogen, can modulate immun...
Conference Paper
Senecio brasiliensisis one of the most toxic poisonous plant species of Senecio’s genus. It contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) that are associated with disease in livestock and human beings after be metabolized into the liver in a high reactive electrophiles (pyrrol compound) capable to link with cellular macromolecules, mainly DNA, forming add...
Article
Full-text available
This study aimed to investigate the effects of the administration of butanolic residue (BR) of Pfaffia paniculata by intraperitoneal route to Ehrlich ascitis tumor bearing mice. Initially, a toxicity study of P. paniculata BR was performed in which doses of 12.5; 25 and 50mg/Kg were administered by intraperitoneal injection for seven days to Swiss...
Article
Pteridium aquilinum (Pa) is a poisonous plant and its ingestion has been closely associated with human and animal cancers. Our earlier studies have shown that Pa reduces white pulp of spleen and NK cell cytotoxicity in mice. In addition, we observed that selenium (Se) reversed Pa-induced spleen damage. In this study the aim was evaluate if ptaquilo...
Article
Full-text available
Senna occidentalis is a weed toxic to different animal species. Very little is known about the effects of prolonged exposure to low doses of S. occidentalis on developmental toxicology. Thus, the present study proposes an approach to evaluate the perinatal toxicity of S. occidentalis seeds in goats. Twenty-one pregnant goats were fed rations contai...
Article
The present work evaluated the pathological effects in both dams and their fetuses of cyanide ingestion during pregnancy using goat as animal model. From the Day 24 of pregnancy, three pregnant goats were dosed by gavage with 3.0 mg KCN/kg bw/day, and two others received only tap water. All dams were euthanized and necropsied at Day 120 of pregnanc...
Article
Full-text available
The objective of this study was to more clearly characterize the immunomodulatory effects of swainsonine and an Ipomoea carnea aqueous fraction using two different mouse strains: Swiss outbred mice and C57BL/6 inbred mice. The swainsonine is the main toxic principle found in the Ipomoea carnea a poisonous plant native from Brazil and other tropical...
Article
Full-text available
Pteridium aquilinum (bracken fern) is one of the most common plants. Epidemiological studies have revealed a higher risk of certain types of cancers (i.e., esophageal, gastric) in people who consume bracken fern directly (as crosiers or rhizomes) or indirectly through the consumption of milk from livestock that fed on the plant. In animals, evidenc...
Article
Pfaffia paniculata (Brazilian ginseng) roots and/or its extracts have shown anti-neoplastic, chemopreventive, and anti-angiogenic properties. The aim of this work was to investigate the chemopreventive mechanisms of this root in mice submitted to the infant model of hepatocarcinogenesis, evaluating the effects on cellular proliferation, apoptosis,...
Article
Monocrotaline (MCT) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid found in a variety of plants. The main symptoms of MCT toxicosis in livestock are related to hepato- and nephrotoxicity; in rodents and humans, the induction of a pulmonary hypertensive state that progresses to cor pulmonale has received much attention. Although studies have shown that MCT can cause e...
Article
Cancer treatment has been considered one of the most challenging problems of modern medicine. From the moment that the primary tumor metastasizes through the body, the prognoses turns to poor and the chemotherapy is considered the main choice of treatment in this stage. One positive point of chemotherapy is the access to the majority of metastasis....
Article
Conditioned taste aversions are a useful tool to reduce livestock consumption of toxic plants. The forage legume Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena)