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Publications
Publications (49)
We stored plug seedlings of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Momotaro) under limited fertilisation (LF) for 12 weeks, and evaluated growth and development during storage and after planting. Seedlings in the LF treatment were grown in substrate containing starter fertiliser and irrigated with water. Controls (CT) were irrigated with nutrient solu...
Flavonoids are a group of natural compounds in plants with versatile health benefits for humans. Grapes are a dietary source of flavonoids and the flavonoid components in grape berries can depend on the grape species and cultivar. In this experiment, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, and anthocyanins were analyzed in Vitis coignetiae and V. ficifolia v...
The effect of green leaf volatiles (GLVs; cis-3-hexenol
and trans-2-hexenal) on the resveratrol production
stimulated and nonstimulated by ultraviolet C (UV-C)
irradiation was elucidated in the leaf discs of ‘Delaware’
grapes. Each GLV treatment slightly reduced resveratrol
levels in the leaf discs. Pretreatment with cis-3-hexenol
inhibited the res...
To improve the propagation of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don), we investigated the effects of apical and basal temperatures during a water soaking treatment on the adventitious root formation of 70-mm long shoot tip cuttings which have an apical bud. The basal portion of the cuttings was soaked for 28 days in water with temperatures ra...
The effect of green leaf volatiles (GLVs; cis-3-hex-enol and trans-2-hexenal) on the resveratrol production stimulated and nonstimulated by ultraviolet C (UV-C) irradiation was elucidated in the leaf discs of 'Delaware' grapes. Each GLV treatment slightly reduced resveratrol levels in the leaf discs. Pretreatment with cis-3-hex-enol inhibited the r...
The effects of N6-benzyladenine (BA) and N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU) in combination with gibberellic acid (GA3, 100 mg l-1) on berry setting and development and on the endogenous level of polyamines (PAs) were investigated in order to elucidate the role of PAs in the setting and development of GA3-induced seedless grape berries affe...
Productivity of stilbene compounds, such as resveratrol, piceatannol and piceid, were estimated in the leaves and berries of Vitis davidii native to China, V. kiusiana, V. ficifolia var. lobata and V. ficifolia var. ganebu, which are native to Japan, during 2005 and 2006. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation at 420 μW.cm-1 for 15 min was used to stimul...
Levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), free, conjugated, and bound polyamines (PAs), and phenols were estimated in the basal portion of hardwood cuttings of Vitis davidii and V. kiusiana in relation to rooting and compared with Vitis labruscana Bailey cv. Campbell Early. A high rate of root formation was observed in ‘Campbell Early’ cuttings 60 days...
We investigated the effects of warming the basal ends of Carolina poplar (Populus × canadensis Moench.) softwood cuttings at controlled low-air-temperature on their root growth and leaf damage after planting. The warming treatment was applied to the cuttings by soaking 10 mm beyond the cut end in warmed water maintained at 30 °C in a cold chamber m...
Mature seeds of Ilex species usually contain immature embryos and are extremely difficult to germinate. Ilex latifolia and I. rotunda, two species that are grown as ornamentals, also produce seeds that are difficult to germinate. In the present study, we investigated some factors affecting seed germination in those species. Although seeds of I. lat...
The effects of L-2-aminooxy-3-phenylpropionic acid (AOPP) on bud and shoot formation were investigated in hypocotyl explants of eggplant. Application of AOPP to shoot induction medium (SIM) containing 4.4 μM N6- benzyladenine (BA) promoted adventitious bud formation, which occurred one week earlier than in the 0 μM AOPP control treatment. After eig...
Diospyros kaki Thunb. ‘Tennou’ is the main cultivar for kaki-shibu in the southern region of Kyoto, Japan; however, the morphological, componential, and physiological characteristics have not been described. In this study, the floral organ and mature leaf morphology, and soluble tannin, sugar, and organic acid content in the fruit of ‘Tennou’ were...
Ardisia crenata is an evergreen shrub with attractive bright red berries. Although this species is usually propagated by seed, the seeds take a long time to germinate with conventional sowing methods. We investigated the germination capacity of seeds and embryos collected in different months and the effects of seed storage conditions, germination t...
Resveratrol production potential was determined in the leaves and berries of Vitis ficifolia Bunge var. lobata (Ebizuru) and V. ficifolia Bunge var. ganebu (Ryuukyuuganebu), wild grapes native to Japan. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation was used to stimulate resveratrol production. Resveratrol levels in the nonirradiated leaf discs were 3.6 times hi...
An in vivo method to promote adventitious bud formation in leaf apex explants of Begonia×tuberhybrida was developed based on exogenous treatment with BA, IAA and NAA. Endogenous IAA concentrations of the leaf blade were highest in the apical portion, followed by the middle and basal portions. Treatment with 0.5 mg L-1 BA increased the percentage of...
We investigated the effects of warming the basal end of poplar cuttings at low air temperature on their early growth after planting, to develop an advanced propagation technology that can provide the cuttings in which rooting preparation are well advanced regardless of the weather. [Expt. 1] Single-node leafy cuttings of poplar (Populus × canadensi...
Effect of ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) application on rabbiteye blueberry fruit quality during the growth period was investigated. Ethephon treatment stimulated the decrement of titratable acidity, anthocyanin accumulation and fruit softening 4 days after treatment and the promoting effects continued through the investigation period. The...
The effects of rolC on morphogenesis of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. 'Ogura-nishiki' were studied. The ray flowerets in the rolC-transformed plants were shorter than those in wild-type plants, but the transformation enhanced outgrowth of lateral shoots and reduced internode elongation. Studies on adventitious shoot and root formation from leaf s...
The histology of the graft union by splice grafting epicotyls in auto- and heterografts of 4-week-old nucellar seedlings of satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.), yuzu (C.junos Sieb. ex Tanaka), plus common trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata Raf.) and its crooked spine type variety, Hiryu (Flying Dragon) (P. trifoliata vat. monstrosa (T.Ito) S...
The origin of tendrils and inflorescenses on primry (main or trunk) and secondary (lateral) shoots in relation to the transformation of V. ficifolia, and 'Campbell Early' and 'Kyoho' grapevines from their juvenile through adult phases was studied. The effects of growth regulators on this transition were also investigated. In V. ficifolia seedlings,...
The effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the expression of seven anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes in 'Kyoho' grape berries were investigated. In untreated berries, the expression of the UDP-glucose-flavonoid: 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) gene was detected only at 42 d after full bloom (DAB), whereas t...
The relationship between the formation of tendrils and leaf morphology was investigated in the seedlings of a wild grape, Ebizuru [Vitis ficifolia Bunge vat. lobata (Regel.) Nakai], 'Campbell Early' (V. labruscana Bailey) , and 'Kyoho' (V. labruscana Bailey). All grapes tested had a 144° spiral phyllotaxis before the formation of tendrils (juvenile...
The effects of temperature and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an ethylene synthesis inhibitor, on fruit set and growth of satsuma mandarins (Citrus unshiu Marc.), using 6- and 14year-old potted trees in a temperature-controlled growth chamber and in a greenhouse, respectively, were studied. Trees, kept at 30°C in the daytime from bloom to the physi...
Approximately 120 days passes from pollination until fertilization in Ginkgo biloba. After pollination in late April or early May, the pollen develops in the pollen chamber until fertilization. The generative cell in the pollen grain divides into two cells; one differentiates into a spermatogenous cell, the other into a sterile one. The spermatogen...
Kaki-shibu is a fermented product made from the juice of immature Japanese persimmon fruit ; it has been traditionally used for painting and dyeing in Japan. Recently, it has attracted much interest as a deproteinizer during the brewing of sake. The properties of the kaki-shibu extracted from 'Tamura' and 'Tennou' persimmon and changes in the cours...
To elucidate the roles of polyamines in the berry set of grapes, the effects of exogenous application of putrescine and polyamine synthesis inhibitors at full bloom on the berry drop of Kyoho grapes were investigated. A investigation was also conducted to determine endogenous free polyamine levels during berry development. Polyamines were dansylate...
The levels of free, perchloric acid-soluble conjugated and perchloric acid-insoluble bound polyamines were determined in pericarp and seeds of `Muscat Bailey A' grapes (Vitis labrusca L. × Vitis vinifera L.) during development and ripening. In both, the pericarp and seeds, putrescine was the predominant polyamine in the three fractions, and the bou...
Seasonal changes in the concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in the endosperm and integument of the ovule of Ginkgo biloba L. were analysed by GC-MS using [d5]-IAA and [d6]-ABA as internal standards. The concentration of IAA in the endosperm increased rapidly during the period of rapid growth, and was closely correla...
The relationship between embryo dormancy induction and ABA level in 'Campbell Early' grape seed during berry maturation was investigated. In vitro germination and rooting percentages of embryos excised from seeds were high one week before veraison; both gradually declined to zero 2 weeks after-veraison. The ABA contents in the flesh and the seed in...
We attempted to vegetatively propagate mume (Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.) by softwood cuttings and investigated the relationship between carbohydrates in shoots and root formation. With IBA treatment, rooting rate was more than 50 % when cuttings were collected in early June to early August, whereas it decreased to no rooting in October. Without IBA...
In the grape berry, which accumulates abscisic acid (ABA) markedly during ripening, the localization of this hormone was investigated by instrumental analysis and immunohistochemistry using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. In the instrumental analysis the levels of ABA in the outer wall, inner wall and placenta from unripe berries were nearly t...
The relationship between the induction of embryo dormancy and berry maturation in 'Campbell Early' grape was investigated. In berries from untreated vines, the germinability of embryos excised one week before veraison was highest; thereafter, it gradually declined until entering deep dormancy 2 weeks after veraison. Both stem ringing and treating a...
The carbohydrate and water contents of the ovule of Ginkgo biloba L. (ginkgo) were evaluated during its development. The ovule grew rapidly (stage I) after pollination in early May, temporarily stopped growing, in mid-July (stage II), and resumed growth slowly (stage III) from mid-August until maturation. The water content in the endosperm and oute...
To clarify the mechanism of breaking bud dormancy in grapevines, the effect of substances related to ethylene biosynthesis on budbreak was investigated. When the cuttings of dormant 'Delaware' grape were treated with ACC, ethylene or ethephon, only ACC broke bud dormancy. When the cuttings of dormant 'Delaware' grape, soaked in 45 °C water for 4 ho...
The changes in ACC and glutathione and their effects on the breaking of bud dormancy of grapes by high temperature treatment (45 °C water soaking for 4 hours) were investigated High temperature treatment increased ACC content and ethylene production in 'Delaware' grape cuttings and their levels remained higher than that of the control for 21 days a...
The role of glutathione, which maintains protein thiol groups in the reduced state in living cells, on the onset of endodormancy (rest) of grape buds was investigated. When potted grapevines were exposed to 30 °C/25. °C (high), day/night, or 20 °C/15 °C (low), day/night, before the onset of bud dormancy, buds administered low temperature became dor...
The effect of jasmonic acid (JA), applied alone or in combination with gibberellin A3 (GA3), on the induction of seedlessness in 'Neo Muscat' (Vitis vinifera) was investigated. Endogenous JA levels in the florets of 'Neo Muscat' and 'Delaware' (Vitis vinifera x Vitis labrusca) were also studied. The proportion of seedless berries induced by applica...
The role of the endosperm in releasing embryo dormancy was investigated in 'Campbell Early' grape seeds. Embryos, with or without their endosperms, which were excised from seeds of maturing berries were cultured in vitro and their germination rates and growth monitored. Embryos without endosperms germinated best when berries were taken a week befor...
Ovule set and growth were investigated on ginkgo as related to open- and hand-pollination as well as the critical pollination period. 1. The ginkgo pollen placed on an agar medium under 25 °C took 3 days to germinate. Over 73% of the pollen stored for less than 7 days after anthesis at room temperature germinated but pollen stored much longer at ro...
The roles of polyamines (PAs) in the development of seedless grape berries induced by gibberellin (GA3) was investigated. The development of seedless grape berries was stimulated by the application of putrescine (Put), but not by that of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), regardless of the presence of GA3. At harvest, the fresh weight of seedless...
Inhibition of physiological fruit drop in satsuma mandarin with AVG (2-aminoethoxy vinyl glycine) was evaluated. The rate of ethylene production by the fruit and the levels of ACC, ABA-like and IAA-like substances in the fruit were determined. The relationship between the dynamics of these substances and physiological fruit drop is discussed. AVG s...
A comparative study was conducted of cell proliferation and enlargement in seeded and seedless 'Delaware' grape berries induced parthenocarpically by pre-bloom application of gibberellin A3. Using paraffin-celloidin thin sections taken from the equatorial region of berry, number of cell layers and cells, and cell size were measured in the inner wal...
Seasonal changes of contents of endogenous GAs in vegetative organs and effect of harvesting date on endogenous GA synthesis were surveyed. Simultaneously, the influence of paclobutrazol, a gibberellin (GA) synthesis inhibitor, on the induction of flowering in satsuma mandarin was evaluated. 1. GA1 content in leaf of vegetative school increased fro...
The intensity of bud dormancy, water content, and the endogenous levels of ABA-like substances in shoots of several wild grape species native to different regions of Japan were compared with those of Vitis labruscana Bailey, cultivar 'Muscat Bailey A', from September to December. The onset of endodormancy (rest) in V. coignetiae Pulliat and V. amur...
Foliar applications of gibberellin inhibitors and GA3 on satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshin Marc.) were investigated with respect to flower induction.1. Paclobutrazol, uniconazole-P, prohexadione-Ca, and CCC were applied 3 times during autumn. The number of flowers on vegetative shoots were increased in the following spring by paclobutrazol and unicon...
The correlative effect of gibberellin A3 (GA3) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on the development of 'Delaware' grape ovary was examined in vitro. GA3 induced a significant increase of the ovary fresh weight, proportionate to its concentration; IAA and tryptophan (Trp), a precursor of IAA, had little effect on increasing in fresh weight of the ovary...
A comparative study was conducted of berry dropping and changes in polyamine levels in 'Kyoho,' 'Campbell Early' and 'Muscat Bailey A' grapes. Berry dropping occurred first in 'Muscat Bailey A' grapes, peaking 6 days after full bloom. In 'Kyoho' grapes, dramatic berry dropping began 8 days after full bloom and reached a peak two days later. In thes...
