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74
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Introduction
Current interests: Human temporal resolution, psychophysical measurement
Methods: Threshold measurement, non-invasive brain-activity imaging
Skills and Expertise
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Publications
Publications (74)
Expertise in sports enhances the ability to anticipate forthcoming events from the observation of a player's actions. In the present study, we investigated whether this ability is applicable to deceptive action. In three experiments, performance at anticipating the direction change of a running opponent was examined with experienced rugby players a...
To investigate the effect of smooth pursuit effort against optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) on the magnitude of induced motion, we measured the magnitude of induced motion and eye movements of karate athletes and novices. In Experiment 1, participants were required to pursue a horizontally moving fixation stimulus against a vertically moving inducing st...
The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that between-channel gap detection, which includes between-frequency and between-ear gap detection, and perception of stop consonants, which is mediated by the length of voice-onset time (VOT), share common mechanisms, namely relative-timing operation in monitoring separate perceptual channe...
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The detection of a silent interval or gap provides important insight into temporal processing by the auditory system. Previous research has uncovered a multitude of empirical findings leaving the mechanism of gap detection poorly understood and key issues unresolved. Here, we expand the findings by measuring psychometric functions for a number of c...
In Dükers action theory Anspannung, which we translated as “psychological tension” (PT), is described as a directly experienced valid indicator for the extent of mental strain. In German-speaking regions the Category Partitioning technique (CP) has proven to be a useful method for accurately quantifying the experienced PT. Outside Germany, however,...
In an attempt to develop tests of auditory temporal resolution using gap detection, we conducted computer simulations of Zippy Estimation by Sequential Testing (ZEST), an adaptive Bayesian threshold estimation procedure, for measuring gap detection thresholds. The results showed that the measures of efficiency and precision of ZEST changed with the...
Gap detection refers to the perceptual ability to detect brief silences in auditory stimuli. This study investigates temporal discrimination in relation to the perception and processing of gaps. Experiments were conducted to measure gap discrimination thresholds using markers of different frequencies. The results reveal that the threshold for gap d...
Decision-making is an important component in the perception–action coupling required for athletes to achieve fine performance. Signal detection theory (SDT) provides a means of quantifying athletes’ decision-making processes, based on their ability to discriminate between different types of stimuli (sensitivity) and the locations of their response...
Introduction
Although auditory temporal processing plays an important role in speech comprehension, it cannot be measured by pure tone audiometry. Auditory temporal resolution is often assessed by behavioral gaps-in-noise test. To evaluate whether auditory temporal resolution could be objectively assessed, we measured the auditory steady state resp...
Auditory temporal resolution plays a critical role in the everyday experience of listening to complex acoustic patterns. Amplitude modulation detection thresholds are widely used to measure auditory temporal resolution. In an attempt to develop a standardized clinical test of auditory temporal resolution, we used ZEST (Zippy Estimation by Sequentia...
Introduction
Past studies have provided evidence that the effects of tactile stimulation on binocular rivalry are mediated by primitive features (orientation and spatial frequency) common in vision and touch. In this study, we examined whether such effects on binocular rivalry can be obtained through the roughness of naturalistic objects. In three...
Perception of a briefly presented target is impaired when a sparse surrounding mask (e.g., four‐dot) persists after target offset compared to when the target and mask offset together (i.e., object substitution masking [OSM]). Previous studies have reported a mask preview effect in which OSM is largely attenuated by prior presentation of the mask. H...
Purpose
At EVER2017, we reported that visual detection of a temporal gap becomes difficult when spatial frequency separation is introduced between markers delimiting the gap. In that report, however, gap thresholds were measured separately, in different runs, for within‐frequency and across‐frequency gap detection. Therefore, our previous findings...
There is ample evidence that motor learning changes the function of perceptual systems. Previous studies examining the interactions between speech production and perception have shown that the discrimination of phonetic contrasts characterized by the difference in articulatory place features is altered following their production changes caused by t...
This study investigated the effects of declined accommodation on reading performance in non-native and native languages. Eighteen native Japanese speakers participated: eight presbyopes and ten non-presbyopes. In the experiment, participants were asked to scan, or sequentially read six-word items presented in two-line texts, identify a non-word tar...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether speech perception would reflect small latency changes in subcortical speech representation.
Method
Twelve native Japanese listeners participated in the experiment. Those listeners participated in speech identification task and auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurement using /d/–/t/ c...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychophysical boundary used for categorization of voiced–voiceless stop consonants in native Japanese speakers.
Method
Twelve native Japanese speakers participated in the experiment. The stimuli were synthetic stop consonant–vowel stimuli varying in voice onset time (VOT) with manipulation...
The purpose of this study was to compare the benefits of 4-weeks of velocity-based training (VBT) using different augmented feedback (AugFb) types and the frequency of AugFb, and whether adaptations are retained 10 days post-training. Thirty-seven collegiate male rugby players were divided into groups that received immediate-feedback (ImFb; n=9), v...
A previous study reported that perturbed auditory feedback affected voicing production [Mitsuya, MacDonald, and Munhall (2014). J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 135, 2986-2994]. In this study, we investigated whether perturbed auditory feedback would also affect voicing perception. Eighteen native Japanese speakers participated in the experiment. Half of the p...
A previous study reported that perturbed auditory feedback affected voicing production [Mitsuya, MacDonald, and Munhall (2014). J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 135, 2986–2994]. In this study, we investigated whether perturbed auditory feedback would also affect voicing perception. Eighteen native Japanese speakers participated in the experiment. Half of the p...
Gap detection, which measures a person’s ability to hear gaps in tones and noises, is commonly used to assess auditory temporal resolution. There are a variety of ways to measure the minimum detectable gap duration, or gap threshold, including across-frequency gap detection (detecting a silent gap between two spectrally different markers) and betwe...
A number of psychophysical studies have suggested that auditory temporal resolution is related to the voicing boundaries of stop consonants. For example, hearing-impaired listeners with poor temporal resolution have difficulty perceiving voiceless stop consonants. However, there is little neurophysiological evidence for the existence of a relations...
Gap detection is often used to estimate the temporal resolution of the human auditory system. Gap detection performance becomes worse when the frequency difference between the leading and trailing markers that delimit a silent gap gets larger. In addition, the across-frequency gap detection threshold is not always constant when the presentation ord...
Gap detection is a measure of auditory temporal resolution. Hearing people exhibit acute sensitivity to silent gaps between leading and trailing markers when the two markers are identical or similar in frequency. However, sensitivity to such gaps declines when the two markers are of dissimilar frequencies. To examine the hypothesis that auditory ga...
It is well known that individuals exhibit worse performance during between-frequency gap detection than during within-frequency gap detection. A similar performance difference is also found between within- and between-frequency gap duration discrimination involving undetectably short standard durations. This is reasonable because such discriminatio...
The present study investigated, whether word width and length affect the optimal character size for reading of horizontally scrolling Japanese words, using reading speed as a measure. In Experiment 1, three Japanese words, each consisting of four Hiragana characters, sequentially scrolled on a display screen from right to left. Participants, all Ja...
A bistable image is more likely to be initially perceived as the reversal of its preceding unambiguous version presented for a prolonged period. This perceptual bias is called the reverse-bias effect. We hypothesized that an abrupt break in the sequential regularity of visual events, synchronized with the onset of a bistable image, counteracts the...
It is well known that, although psychophysical scaling produces good qualitative agreement between experiments, precise quantitative agreement between experimental results, such as that routinely achieved in physics or biology, is rarely or never attained. A particularly galling example of this is the fact that power function exponents for the same...
To examine the tradeoff between manual reaction times (RTs) and smooth pursuit accuracy, we manipulated manual RTs to a visual target presented during pursuit by using a deadline procedure that required different response speeds to a target (300, 400, or 500 ms). Participants attempted to pursue a moving row of circles as accurately as possible, wh...
We used magnetoencephalogram (MEG) in two experiments to investigate spatio-temporal profiles of brain responses to gaps in tones. Stimuli consisted of leading and trailing markers with gaps between the two markers of 0, 30, or 80 ms. Leading and trailing markers were 300 ms pure tones at 800 or 3200 Hz.Two conditions were examined: the within-freq...
In this study, psychological experiments were conducted to investigate harm-avoidance actions in humans
in close contact with robotic devices. For the experiments, a situation was created in which the sharp
end-effector tip of a robot suddenly approached the eyes of a facing participant. We define three parameters
for analyzing harm-avoidance actio...
In this study, psychological experiments are conducted to investigate harm-avoidance action characteristics in humans in close contact with robotic devices. For the experiments, a situation is created in which the sharp endeffector tip of a robot suddenly approaches the eyes of a facing participant. The avoidance reaction time is defined as the tim...
Abstract—In this study, a psychological experiment is conducted to investigate harm-avoidance action characteristics in humans in close contact with robotic devices. For the experiment, a situation is created in which the sharp endeffector tip of a robot suddenly approaches the eyes of a facing participant. We define three parameters that represent...
The present study investigated the effects of presbyopia on the reading ability of middle-aged adults in a Japanese reading context, using the rapid serial visual presentation paradigm. Japanese words, each consisting of three characters, were sequentially presented at the same location on a display screen. Participants were instructed to read the...
We examined skill-based differences in the anticipation of ball direction during the catching of a grounder in baseball. In Experiment 1, we used film stimuli which included a sequence of pitching and hitting action from the shortstop's customary perspective, and participants judged the ball's direction (left or right). Also, we used white-circle s...
To examine the spatial shift of attention during smooth pursuit, we measured reaction times (RTs) to a visual target that appeared during pursuit. Participants pursued a moving row of circular frames and responded to a target presented within one of the frames. The results showed large RT differences between stimulus velocities up to 5º/s and 10º/s...
The main aim of this paper is to propose an objective assessment of the likelihood of automobile accidents, by computing probability of collision (POC) from the driver's reaction time (RT) distribution. Since the driver's RT distribution is strongly dependent on his/her arousal level, we measured eye-opening rate (EOR) from real-time image analysis...
Previous studies have reported that observers use binocular disparity and changing retinal size for an approaching object to estimate the time-to-contact (TTC). However, it re-mains unknown whether contour information is also used in judging TTC. In this study, we examined the effects of contour information by comparing TTC with sharp and blurry ob...
We examined simple and choice reaction times (RTs) to a visual target that appears during smooth pursuit. Participants pursued a moving fixation stimulus accurately before a target stimulus was presented either above or below the fixation stimulus. In the simple RT task, the participants responded to the onset of the target as soon as possible. In...
Visual information-processing deficits were investigated in patients with schizophrenia using visual search tasks. Subjects comprised 20 patients with schizophrenia and 20 normal subjects. Visual search tasks were modified from those used previously to reveal more distinct differences between feature and conjunction search tasks. The presentation a...
A sequence of successive tones can be segmented into perceptually distinctive streams by inserting a silent gap or by changing the frequency in mid‐sequence. This study demonstrates that a silent gap is perceptually lost when the gap coincides with the frequency change that occurs between tones. Even a 40‐ms gap is undetectable when the tonal frequ...
In the present study, we examined the frequency dependence of auditory search performance. Detection thresholds were measured for an 800-Hz target tone in a sequence of distractor tones (informational masking) as a function of frequency separation between the target and the distractor tones. The results showed that the thresholds decreased monotoni...
In the present study, we investigated the effects of surrounding frames on visual search for line orientation. Every line item presented in the display was surrounded by a square frame of identical size and orientation. The orientations of the frames, as well as those of the target and distractor lines, were either vertical or tilted. In six experi...
To elucidate the temporal characteristics of information processing for motor action differing in complexity in relation to both perceptual and cognitive information processing, we investigated whether the reaction times (RTs) to a visual target would be affected by task complexity (finger lifting or manual aiming), pre-cueing (with a pre-cue or wi...
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the reaction times (RTs) and anticipation of karate athletes. In Experiment 1, choice RTs and simple RTs were measured with two types of stimuli. One was videotaped scenes of opponent's offensive actions, which simulated the athletes' view in real situations, and the other was static filled circles, or...
In the present study, the effects of spatial-frequency uncertainty and cuing on psychometric functions for contrast detection of sinusoidal gratings are examined. For this purpose, psychometric functions were collected from 4 subjects under fixed-frequency, randomized-frequency, and cued-frequency conditions. The experiment was conducted with a tem...
In two experiments, participants performed absolute identification of time tasks involving intervals marked by auditory signals. In both experiments, the typical bow effects and other behavioral phenomena generally reported for the absolute identification of sensory signals were also observed for time intervals.
This study examined the effect of perception without awareness on somatosensory simple reaction time using a backward masking paradigm in nine subjects ranging in age from 21 to 38 years.In the backward masking paradigm, two types of electrical stimuli differing in intensity(one type ranging from 1.2 to 1.5 times the sensory threshold of each subje...
The idea of the magical number seven has been with us for over 40 years now. During this time, it has been studied extensively by both psychologists and other sensory scientists. One might be skeptical about any new results and ask ''What more possibly can we say about this topic?'' However, in this paper, an attempt is made to refine the interpret...
Abstract The traditional paradigm for studying the magical number is questioned and a new approach is sought in order to obtain a better conceptual under-standing of this phenomenon. Building on earlier work, a theory is proposed whereby the results of an absolute identi?cation experiment can be characterized by a single parameter to a reasonable a...
Three absolute identification experiments examined the effects on sequential dependencies of 2 factors: stimulus information and the number of stimuli used. Data were analyzed by multivariate information analysis. In Exp 1 with 5 university studentswith experience in absolute identification experiments, the stimulus modality was pure tone frequency...
In three visual search experiments using completely closed squares and squares with gaps, the physical gap size and the ratio of gap size relative to contour length were systematically manipulated. In search for an open square among closed squares, the search rates were fast and independent of the physical gap size or the gap-to-contour ratio. This...
Using a visual search task, the present study investigated preattentive and focal attentional processes in schizophrenic patients. The performance of 15 schizophrenic patients and 20 normal subjects was compared in three search tasks: feature search, 2-D feature search, and conjunction search. The target item was a red 'X' in all search tasks, and...
Intensity resolution of pure tones in a one-interval forced-choice paradigm was measured for experienced musicians under fixed- and uncertain-frequency conditions, and under uncertain-frequency conditions with informative cues as to target frequency. The uncertain frequency effect for intensity resolution, when present, was reduced or removed by fr...
To reveal the pure effects of trial-by-trial feedback on judgmental accuracy and sequential dependencies independent of global anchoring effects and other influences, we presented subjects with sequences consisting alternately (within an experimental session) of short runs of trials with feedback (feedback sequences) and without feedback (no-feedba...
An application of the entropic theory of perception to evolutionary systems indicates that environmental entropy increases will exert pressures on an organism to adapt. We speculate that the instability caused by such environmental changes will also cause an increase in the mutation rate of organisms leading to an eventual increase in their complex...
Auditory intensity and frequency resolution were studied in three paradigms under masking conditions. Absolute identifications of single stimuli (one-interval paradigm) and 2IFC judgments of fixed- and roving-level pairs of stimuli (two-interval paradigm) were obtained from the same experienced observers. Judgments were made under optimal (no mask)...
The fuzzy judgement model of Ward (1979) predicts an inverse relation between the amount of stimulus information available to subjects and the magnitude of sequential dependencies on previous stimuli and responses in psychophysical scaling tasks. Ward confirmed this prediction for magnitude estimations of interdot distance for previous responses bu...
In two absolute identification experiments, the dependency of the current response, Rn, on the immediately preceding stimulus, Sn-1, and response, Rn-1, was measured by means of multivariate information transmission (see McGill, 1954). In these experiments, the amount of stimulus information available to subjects, measured as the amount of informat...
In two absolute identification experiments, the dependency of the current response, R
n
, on the immediately preceding stimulus, S
n−1
and response, R
n−1
, was measured by means of multivariate information transmission (see McGill, 1954). In these experiments, the amount of stimulus
information available to subjects, measured as the amount of info...
A guessing task was performed in three conditions of feedback sequence. One sequence was random; the other sequences were
nonrandom. Each subject made 300 responses per session for four sessions. The frequency distribution of the differences between
response/feedback for the immediately preceding trial and the current response was analyzed per sess...
