Shuichi Kure

Toyama Prefectural University · Department of Environmental Engineering

Jakarta is facing several issues related to flooding, includ­ing land subsidence in the coastal area and rapid land-use/cover changes in the upstream area. In this study, we analyzed the effects of future changes in land use and land subsidence using a rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model. The future land-use scenarios were projected based on...

Super Typhoon Haiyan struck the Philippines on 8 November 2013 and caused catastrophic damage due to its remarkably high wind speeds, storm surges, and waves. In this paper, the characteristics of the human losses and building damage in the coastal region of Leyte, the Philippines, were investigated based on data of observed inundation height/depth...

Jakarta has experienced many floods in the past, and those floods resulted in not only human casualties but also economic damages. In this paper a rainfall runoff and flood inundation model was applied to the 2013 flood event of the Ciliwung River basin and Jakarta by using radar rainfall information as the input. The applied model relatively well...

Floods in Indonesia are considered to be one of the major natural disasters. Jakarta City in Indonesia has experienced many floods in the past, such as those in 1996, 2002, 2007 and 2013. In this paper several problems causing the floods in Jakarta were discussed and a flood inundation model was applied to the 2007 and 2013 flood events. Also, a co...

An earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.5 (Mw) struck the northern Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, at 16:10 local time on January 1, 2024. This earthquake triggered a tsunami that propagated along the coastline of Ishikawa, Toyama, and Niigata Prefectures facing the Sea of Japan and significantly damaged coastal communities and infra...

A moment magnitude ( M w ) 7.5 earthquake occurred on January 1, 2024, at the northern tip of the Noto Peninsula, Central Japan, triggering a large tsunami. Seismological and geodetic observations revealed the rupture of mapped submarine active faults. While proximal segment ruptures have been well resolved by previous research, far offshore segmen...

This study estimated the flood damage reduction effects by the order of riparian vegetation removal on class A river systems in Japan. River systems with a high potential for both adaptation and mitigation measures of riparian vegetation removal were evaluated. Flood inundation analyses which reflected the influence of riparian vegetation through r...

A moment magnitude (M w ) 7.5 earthquake occurred on January 1, 2024, at the northern tip of the Noto Peninsula, Central Japan, triggering a large tsunami. Seismological and geodetic observations revealed the rupture of mapped submarine active faults. While proximal segment ruptures were well resolved by existing researches, distal segments posed c...

The study aims to evaluate the indirect benefit of artificial groundwater recharge in reducing the flood risk in a port city. A flood inundation model and flood damage costs model are conducted to obtain the spatial hazard map and flood damage costs. The study used three scenarios of groundwater recharge, which are indicated by the groundwater tabl...

This study aims to grasp the potential flood damage reduction effect of riparian vegetation removal in Japan. We calculated changes in flood damage before and after riparian vegetation removal through the estimation of roughness coefficients of river channels using the normalized vegetation index obtained from satellite images and the calculation o...

In this study a quantitative evaluation of changes in peak flood discharge and erosion potential under a future climate and effects of various adaptation measures on water level reduction and erosion control was conducted for rivers in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. In particular, this study examines the differences in flood and erosion risks and the po...

We propose a method for evaluating the risks of slope failure induced by heavy rain over a wide area by combining infiltration analysis, surface flow analysis, and slope stability analysis based on three-dimensional limit equilibrium method. The influence of the resolution of terrain data is also examined. To determine rainfall-induced water transp...

Flood risks associated with changes in land use and climate are a common concern, especially in relation to their potential effects on many cities around the world. Jakarta is a typical urbanized Asian city in Indonesia where flooding presents a consistent challenge. This study aimed to quantify the effects of land use and climate change using a fl...

In recent years, flood disasters have become more frequent and larger in scale due to increased precipitation caused by global warming. In order to reduce the flood damage, several flood control methods and countermeasures are being undertaken throughout the entire basins. In Toyama Prefecture rivers, vegetation is found to be thriving in the river...

The purpose of this study is to propose a risk map for each inundation point (risk at the site), taking into account the risk assessment of levees, in order to support local residents to recognize the risk of their own residential areas and to promote evacuations. In this study, flood inundation analysis was conducted for multiple scenarios of the...

The purpose of this study is to propose several measures necessary to improve the rate of flood version of the Business Continuity Plans (BCP). Japanese companies have generally developed BCPs and disaster prevention plans only for earthquakes. Therefore, the rate of developing BCPs for water-related disasters is very low. In this study, we conduct...

Severe water-related disasters occur in Japan almost yearly due to typhoons and frontal rains. Particularly in recent years, the scale and frequency of torrential rains have been increasing due to global warming. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the damage cost reduction effects of several counter measures based on flood inundation simulati...

Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia and is considered one of the most vulnerable cities to climate-related disasters, including flooding, sea-level rise, and storm surges. Therefore, the development of a flood-forecasting system for Jakarta is crucial. However, the accurate prediction of flooding in Jakarta is challenging because of the short flood...

It is important to assess the reliability of the high resolution climate variables that are 22 downscaled from a coarse grid dataset such as GCMs' outputs or reanalysis data, and are used as 23 input for hydrologic applications, by means of comprehensive evaluations based on various types 24 of observations from different data sources. In this stud...

The purpose of this study is to examine the potentially high risk zones where the horizontal evacuation of the living people would be required before and during the flood inundation situations. In order for that, the effects of the buildings in flood inundation simulations on the results with the derived horizontal evacuation zones were evaluated b...

In recent years, flood disasters have become more frequent and their scale has been increasing. One of the reasons for this is the increase in rainfall due to global warming, and it is necessary to evaluate future disaster under changing climate. In particular, the rivers in Toyama are known rapid flow and are often erosion, important to predict er...

Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia and is considered as one of the most vulnerable cities to climate-related disasters, including flooding, sea-level rise, and storm surge, in the world. Therefore, the development of a flood-forecasting system for Jakarta is crucial. However, the accurate prediction of flooding in Jakarta is challenging because of...

Severe water-related disasters occur almost every year in Japan due to typhoons and frontal rains; these events often lead to evacuation problem. Many real time flood forecasting systems are available in Japan, but are designed to cover the whole of Japan, and are not calibrated to local cities or rivers. The main purpose of this study was to devel...

A heavy rainfall caused by Typhoon No. 19 resulted in flood inundation at the Chikuma River in Nagano Prefecture Japan on October 13, 2019. In particular, severe flood inundation damages at Naganuma district along the Chikuma river were observed. In this paper, flood inundation situations and building damages in the district were focused and report...

The purpose of this study is to improve the presentation of hazard maps and promote evacuations in areas where residents typically underestimate flood risks. This study proposes a new risk rank evaluation method using flood inundation simulation results. Two rivers, the Jinzu and the Jouganji River, were chosen, and Toyama City was selected as the...

Evacuation is promoted by using hazard maps, but there is a problem of delayed evacuation due to the unexpected flood inundation by a levee breaching arong the rivers. In this study, rainfall-runoff simulation was conducted on all rivers in Toyama Prefecture to evaluate flood hazard areas in the prefecture by evaluating their overflow, erosion and...

Severe water-related disasters occur in Japan almost yearly due to typhoons and frontal rains. In this paper, a rainfall runoff and flood inundation model was applied to the Showgawar River in order to evaluate the several flood situation including a probale maximum flood inundation (PMFI). Also, flood control capacity by a newly constructed Toga D...

Impact of future climate change on watershed-scale precipitation was investigated over Northern California based on future climate projections by means of the dynamical downscaling approach. Thirteen different future climate projection realizations from two general circulation models (GCMs: ECHAM5 and CCSM3) based on four emission scenarios (SRES A...

The purpose of this research is to assess the future flood risk in rapidly urbanizing cities under climate change. A flood inundation model and a flood damage costs model were employed to project the future flood risk. We employed the combinations of eight global climate models (GCMs) and three representative concentration pathways (RCPs) for preci...

This study aims to analyze damage caused by typhoon No.10 that attacked at the end of August in 2016. Heavy rain induced by the typhoon caused extensive damage in Tohoku area and Hokkaido. The damage caused in Iwate prefecture, the most severely affected prefecture in Tohoku area, is mainly studied. The damage of slope disaster and flood are analyz...

Flood hazard is usually assessed based on the hydrodynamic characteristic of flood (water depth and velocity); however, in riverine floodplains, flood events last for several days. In such cases, the long exposure to flood water may cause additional health problems. Nevertheless, usually flood hazard studies do not consider possible hazards due to...

The risks associated with changes in land use are a common concern, especially in relation to their potential impact on many cities around the world. Jakarta, Indonesia is a typical urbanized Asian city where flooding presents a challenge. In this study, our main objective was to evaluate quantitatively the impact of changes in the use of land upst...

In 2011, massive floods occurred in the Chao Phraya River basin (CPRB) in Thailand. This affected both Thai socio-economics and the global industrial production supply-chain. There is also a risk of droughts in the CPRB during the dry season. The CPRB has two multi-purpose, large-scale reservoirs: the Bhumibol and Sirikit reservoirs. The aim of thi...

A lack of observations within watersheds can make the production of streamflow data via hydrologic models a big challenge. This study evaluates the model performance of the Watershed Environmental Hydrology Hydro-Climate Model (WEHY-HCM), reproducing streamflow in a sparsely gauged watershed. The fifth generation mesoscale model (MM5) is utilized w...

It is important to assess the reliability of high-resolution climate variables used as input to hydrologic models. High-resolution climate data is often obtained through the downscaling of Global Climate Models and/or historical reanalysis, depending on the application. In this study, the performance of dynamically downscaled precipitation from the...

The frequency and magnitude of the water-related disasters have been increasing all over the world. Several organizations including JSCE flood disaster investigation team generally conduct an on-site survey after severe disasters in order to clarify the damage mechanism. However, there is no solid guideline for the river flood disaster in Japan, wh...

Floods are one of the major natural disasters in Indonesia. Jakarta experienced several floods almost every year such as 2002, 2007, 2013, 2014, and 2015. In this study, a physically based rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model was developed in order to understand the flood inundation mechanism in Jakarta. A sensitivity analysis of the model wa...

The role of public online information in helping to reduce disaster damage is expected to become increasingly important since it can be used for decision making about disaster response. This paper aims to discuss the effectiveness and limitations of real-time online information about heavy rainfall based on an analysis of data on the disaster cause...

Floods are considered to be one of the major natural disasters in Indonesia. Jakarta in Indonesia has experienced many floods in the past, such as those in 1996, 2002, 2007 and 2013. In this paper, land subsidence problems contributing to flooding in Jakarta were described and historical and future land subsidence situations in Jakarta were reconst...

The Mamore river is the most important Bolivian river and one of the most important tributaries of the Amazon river. Engineers design flood control structures and water use plans considering hydrologic design discharges. Climate change will change the hydrological conditions. Thus, current hydrologic design discharges may not be valid for future co...

Abstract Most of the shallow aquifers (<50 m) of the Southwestern Bangladesh have been producing highly arsenic (As)-contaminated groundwater. This paper aims to provide an insight into the possible causes of high As occurrence along with the geochemical processes controlling the mobilization of As into the groundwater of Kalaroa. After performing...

This article reports on the public forum conducted by the authors at the Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, held in Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, from March 14 to 18, 2015. The conference included case studies of recent water-related disasters in the Southeast Asia region, reviews of academic research, and a...

A heavy rainfall on September 11, 2015 resulted in flooding and landslides in Miyagi Prefecture of Tohoku Region, Japan. Especially, flood inundation damages caused in the Shibui River, one of the tributary of Naruse River, was severe. In this paper a rainfall runoff and flood inundation model was applied to the Shibui River in order to reproduce t...

A heavy rainfall caused by Typhoon No. and No. resulted in flooding and landslides in Miyagi Prefecture of Tohoku Region, Japan on September ,. In particular, severe flood inundation damages were caused by the Shibui River, one of the tributaries of the Tada River that joins the Naruse River flowing through Osaki City. In this paper, characteristic...

The 2011 Tohoku Tsunami left innumerable sites with large scale scouring near failed coastal structures. This was a major cause of failure, and the reconstruction of these structures in a robust way requires determination of the mechanisms and prediction of the scouring. Two mechanisms are known for tsunami scouring: erosion by the bottom shear str...

Approximately 2 years have passed since the catastrophic damage caused by Super Typhoon Haiyan, which struck the Philippines on November 8, 2013. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate what actually happened during the Haiyan event, by examining observations and literature reviews. Our questionnaire survey results were analyzed to understand av...

Llanos de Moxos are vast plains in the Bolivian Amazonia that are continually flooded by the Mamore river. The flood lasts for several days affecting important cities like Trinidad, drowning people, drowning cattle and swamping arable land. Because of the cloudy skies, remote sensing observations are limited to some areas and few days. Thus, there...

Mudflow disaster in Sidoarjo on May 29, 2006 have resulted in losses in various fields, whether social, economic, and ecological. One of the efforts to control the mud is mostly channeled to Porong river towards the sea in the Madura Strait. Mouth of the river is part of the coastal area that plays an important role in the economic, ecological, and...

The Philippines, one of the disaster prone countries, was selected to be a case study focusing on its disaster warning system. The Philippines encountered the 2013 Super Typhoon Haiyan, the most severe storm in Asian region. This research focuses on the process management of the warning system through the enterprise engineering perspective. In orde...

The 2011 Tohoku Tsunami left many spots of deep and wide scouring near coastal structures such as levees, tidal gates, buildings, etc. The scouring caused major damage to the structures. There are two known scouring mechanisms; erosion by bottom shear stress and liquefaction by pore-pressure. The former is established; however, the latter has not b...

The storm surge due to the December 2014 Nemuro cyclone was hindcast using the Delft-3D/SWAN combined hydrodynamic and wave model with Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Mesoscale Model (MSM) reanalysis data as the surface boundary condition. Wind and pressure fields near Nemuro from the JMA MSM reanalysis data set agree with data from AMEDAS weathe...

River floods are natural disasters that affect millions of people every year. In addition, vast areas of floodplains used for cattle farming are inundated annually, and animals often drown. Depending on the floodplain characteristics, the floods can last for several days or even months. Even if the water depth is not sufficient to drown cattle, the...

The purpose of this study is to develop a new optimum operation system for large-scale reservoir on science-based which can be easily put into practice in developing countries. The Bhumibol and Sirikit reservoirs in the Chao Phraya River basin (CPRB) in Thailand were selected for this study. After the CPRB had a massive flooding in 2011, the Thai g...

Climate change’s impact on the Sabah and Sarawak water resources in the Northern sector of the Borneo Island, Malaysia, was assessed based on the dynamically-downscaled general circulation model projections (GCMPs) by means of a regional hydroclimate model (RegHCM). Four future projections under the special report on emissions scenarios (SRES) A1B...

The experiments with three general circulation models (GCMs) by three regional atmospheric models (RAMs) for the dynamical downscaling (DDS) have been performed to evaluate the uncertainty in the global warming response during summertime in Hokkaido, Japan. The results of a 10-year RAM integration nested into GCM under present or future climate con...

Super Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as “Yolanda”), which featured wind speeds of 315 km/h, corresponding to a category 5, struck the Eastern Visayas region of the Philippines on November 8, 2013. The municipality of Tanauan, home to 50,907 people and 9,624 households in 54 barangays was one of the locations in Leyte Province. Because of Typhoon Hai...

Three weeks after the deadly Bohol earthquake of Mw 7.2, which claimed at least 222 victims, another disaster struck the Philippines. This time, Super Typhoon Haiyan, also known as Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines, devastated the Eastern Visayas islands on 8 November 2013. Its classification as a super typhoon was based on its maximum sustained 1...

Typhoon No.1330 (Haiyan) that struck the Philippines on November 8, 2013 caused over 7,000 casualties by remarkably high wind speed, storm surges and waves. In this paper, hydrologic responses to T1330 of the rivers in Leyte Island, Philippines were investigated based on the GSMaP satellite driven rainfall data, observed water depth in the rivers a...

The Chao Phraya River basin (CPRB) in Thailand had a massive flooding in 2011, which affected on not only Thai socio-economics but also global supply-chain of industrial production. The Thai government is planning watershed management for the CPRB. In order to propose a new reservoir operation system on science-based which can be easily put into pr...

The storm surge due to the December 2014 Nemuro cyclone was hindcast using the Delft-3D/SWAN combined hydrodynamic and wave model with Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) Mesoscale Model (MSM) reanalysis data as the surface boundary condition. Wind and pressure fields near Nemuro from the JMA MSM reanalysis data set agree with data from AMEDAS weathe...

The energy and mass balance model for terrestrial ice and snow is an essential tool for the future projection of interannual snow and ice storage including glaciers. However, the snow models in the hydrologic engineering field have barely considered the long-term behavior of the snow and ice storage because the time scale of glacier dynamics is muc...

Field measurements and numerical simulations are used to assess the resons for different types of structural damage observed in Tacloban and Eastern Samar. Coastal Tacloban saw heavy damage due to wind waves riding atop storm surge, while inland Tacloban experienced much lighter damage because wind waves were not present (though inundation by surge...

On November 8, 2013 a powerful tropical cyclone, named as Super Typhoon Haiyan, struck the areas of Southeast Asian countries. The Eastern Visayas in the Philippines was one of the most affected regions due to the high winds and storm surge that inundated and destroyed more than one million houses. In Leyte and Samar islands, approximately 6,268 pe...

Super Typhoon Haiyan that struck the Philippines on November 8, 2013 caused over 7,000 casualties by remarkably high wind speed, storm surges and waves. In this paper, characteristics of human loss in the coastal region of Leyte Island, Philippines were investigated based on the relationship between the observed inundation height and depth and the...

On January 15, 2013, heavy monsoon rains resulted in severe flooding in Jakarta city, West Java, Indonesia, which had resulted in 40 deaths, 45,000 refugees, and terrible economic damage. Jakarta city has experienced severe floods in 1996, 2002, 2007, 2013 and 2014. Such extreme flooding events might become more frequent in the future due to the im...

Energy and mass balance model for snow is an essential tool for future projection of snow and ice storage. However, the snow models in hydrologic engineering field have barely considered the long-term behavior of glaciers because the time scale of glacier dynamics is much longer than those of river flow and seasonal snowmelt. This study proposes an...

In this study the extreme precipitation under different CCSM3 GCM GHG emissions scenarios is investigated between historical period (wy1901 - wy1999) and projection period (wy2001 - wy2099) for the watersheds in northern California. For this, a regional climate model (MM5) was set up over northern California and then the precipitation was dynamical...

Three weeks after the deadly Bohol earthquake of magnitude Mw 7.2, which claimed at least 222 victims; another disaster struck the Philippines. This time, Super Typhoon Haiyan, also known as Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines, devastated the Eastern Visayas islands on 8 November 2013. Its classification as a Super Typhoon was based on its maximum s...

On May 29, 2006, mud and gases began erupting unexpectedly from a hydrocarbon exploration well near Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. The eruption, called the LUSI (Lumpur Sidoarjo [Lumpur means mud in Indonesian]) mud volcano, has continued since then at rates as high as 180,000 m3 per day. The mud inundated an area in excess of 6.5 km2, in spite of...