Shtaywy Abdalla

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• PhD of physiology
• Professor (Full) at University of Jordan

Background Obesity is a serious public health problem contributing to development of several diseases, including hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The plant Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat many ailments and traditional healers used it to reduce weight. Objective To examine the pote...

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a non-selective ligand-gated cation channel with high permeability for Ca²⁺, has received considerable attention as potential therapeutic target for the treatment of several disorders including pain, inflammation, and hyperlipidemia. In particular, TRPV1 regulates lipid metabolism by mechanisms that...

The aim of this study was to characterize cycling hypoxia‑induced changes in the expression of metabolism‑related genes in the pancreatic cancer cell line PANC1. PANC1 cells were exposed to either 7 h cycles of hypoxia every other day for 20 cycles (cyclic acute hypoxia), or for 72 h cycles of hypoxia once a week for 5 cycles (cyclic chronic hypoxi...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by systemic end-organ damage. We investigated the involvement of IRF5 , TLR-7 , MECP2 , STAT4 , and TNFSF4 genes and TNF- α , IFN- γ , IL-2, IL-12, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokines in SLE pathogenesis and in organ damage in Jordanian patients. Blood was collected from 51 patients and 50 controls. Express...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by systemic end-organ damage. We investigated the involvement of IRF5, TLR-7, MECP2, STAT4, and TNFSF4 genes and TNF-α, IFN-c, IL-2, IL-12, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokines in SLE pathogenesis and in organ damage in Jordanian patients. Blood was collected from 51 patients and 50 controls. Expression leve...

Eugenol, a component of essential oils of medicinal and food plants, has a hypolipidemic effect in experimental animals although its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of the hypolipidemic effect of eugenol in rats fed a high cholesterol and fat diet (HCFD). Eugenol significantly reduced total cholesterol...

Plants are rich in secondary metabolites reputed for their pharmacological properties. With demands for bioactive compounds of natural origin, the attention is on commercializing the use of plants for pharmaceutical benefits. Our focus in on defining the biological activities of plants reputed in folk medicine to treat illnesses. We have been focus...

Twenty-two alkaloids, were isolated from Fumaria densiflora. Two of these alkaloids, N-methyl-5-hydroxystylopine chloride and fumaricine N-oxide, were isolated for the first time from natural sources. Parfumine and fumaritine, in concentrations ranging from 3 × 10⁻⁷ to 9 × 10⁻⁴ M, caused concentration–dependent relaxation of ileum longitudinal segm...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anti-oxidant, hypo-tensive and the diuretic activities of Origanum glandulosum leaves in rat. Chemical analysis revealed the isolation of katuranin and 5-isopropyl-3-methylphenol. Ethyl acetate extract possessed highest scavenging activity against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. Intravenous admin...

Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the cholesterol-lowering potential of β-caryophyllene in a rat model. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding male Wistar rats a high cholesterol and fat diet for 2 weeks. This was followed by oral administration of β- caryophyllene to hypercholeste...

Objective: To analyze Myrtus communis chemically and evaluate the hypotensive effects and antioxidant properties of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts from the leaves of this plant. Methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant potential of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts ha...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the hypotensive and the in vitro antioxidant activities of Crataegus azarolus L. (Rosaceae) , a plant widely used as natural remedy for hypertension in folk medicine. The antioxidant potential of methanolic extract (ME) and its three fractions of Chloroform (CHE), ethyl acetate (EAE) and water (AqE) h...

Hypocholesterolemic activity of Crataegus aronia L. (Rosaceae) is therapeutically praised. Its potent antiobesity (P < 0.001, n = 6-8) as well as marked triacylglycerol-reducing efficacies (P < 0.001, n = 6-8) in 10 weeks-high cholesterol diet (HCD) fed rats are demonstrated. Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL), α-amylase and α-glucosidase are a...

Giant inguinoscrotal hernias represent a real public health problem in Africa that can dramatically impair patients' quality of life. Limited resources require a simplified surgical strategy that can include herniorraphy followed by abandoning the distal hernia sac into the scrotum. The best eligibility criteria for such an approach are a primary g...

Purpose: Giant inguinoscrotal hernias represent a real public health problem in the Ivory Coast that can dramatically impair patients' quality of life. Limited resources require a simplified surgical strategy including, in our experience, not using a mesh and leaving the distal hernia sac. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of this...

Propionibacteria are organisms of low pathogenicity and only a minority of clinical Propionibacterium isolates is clinically significant. Herein, we report a rare case of Propionibacterium avidum abdominal wall and intra-peritoneal abscess that developed in 46-year-old woman after abdominal parietoplasty.

Chemical screening of the leaves and flowers of Crataegus aronia resulted in the isolation of hyperoside, quercetin, rutin and beta-sitosterol for the first time from this plant. The effects of the hydroethanolic extract of C. aronia (CAHE) on hypercholesterolemic rats were investigated. The rats, treated orally for four weeks with 400 mg/kg/day CA...

The effects of eleven flavonoids on lipid peroxi-dation, protein degradation, deformability and osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes exposed in vitro to 10 mM H 2 O 2 for 60 min at 37˚C have been studied. The following flavonoids; quer-cetin, rutin and morin significantly protected ery-throcytes against lipid peroxidation caused by H 2 O 2. This...

In Jordan, the leaves of Laurus nobilis (Family Lauraceae) have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of diarrhea, among other ailments. However, the ethnopharmacology of this plant needs to be scientifically validated. The present work was carried out to evaluate the scientific basis of the antidiarrheal effect of the aqueous extract of L....

The role played by micro-particles, such as leukocytes, erythrocytes and other lighter particles called micro light particles (MLPs), on the electric and dielectric properties of human blood has been studied for a vast frequency range (10Hz–10GHz). It has been found that leukocytes dominate these properties in the low frequency range (about 265Hz),...

The leaf of sage Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) is reputed in the folk medicine of Arabia, and Jordan in particular, to relieve pain associated with gastrointestinal disturbance. Evaluation of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous and butanol extracts of S. officinalis leaf. The analgesic effects of the aqueous extract...

Dracaena cinnabari, known as the dragon's blood tree, has been used for long time in the Yamani and Arabian folk medicine for many claimed ailments. Chemical analysis of the resin of D. cinnabari resulted in the isolation of the five flavonoiud from the chloroform extract: 4,4'-dihydroxy-2'-methoxychalcone, 4,4'-dihydroxy-2- methoxydihydrochalcone,...

Smilax aspera (Lilia medicine for the treatment of many disorders. Chemical analy stilbe on ra and i exam 7 -relaxa bladd 8.5 m diasto admi mg/k rats. 10, 3 induc These medi repor prost ceae) has been used in herbal ‫ﻠﻴﻖ‬) Smilax aspera (sis of this plant resulted in the isolation of the ne trans-resveratrol. The effects of this compound t isolated...

Abstract The effects of the flavone cirsiliol on rat isolated phenylephrine-precontracted proximal aorta, acetylcholine-pre-contracted trachea, urinary bladder, and uterus were studied. Cirsiliol (10−8-3×10−4M) caused concentration-dependent relaxation of the rat isolated phenylephrine-precontracted proximal aorta, acetylcholine-precontracted trach...

The immunomodulatory effect of metronidazole (MTZ), a nitroimidazole drug used as an antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent, was investigated using Balb/c mice and human peripheral blood lymphocytes. For in vivo studies, mice were divided into six groups, six animals per group, group I received vehicle alone while the other groups (II-VI) received i...

From the CHCl3 extract of the aerial parts of Ononis natrix, a new natural product, N-arachidylanthranilic acid [1] has been isolated, in addition to the known compounds, gardenin B, xanthomicrol, hymenoxin, 8-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-undecyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin, and medicarpin-beta-D-glucoside. The structure of 1 was established by spectroscopic and...

Two commercially available diagnostic tools (Tro-Bio ELISA and ICT card test) were used to detect circulating filarial antigen of Wuchereria bancrofti infections among Indian expatriate workers in Saudi Arabia. Daytime serum samples collected from 302 individuals (210 men and 92 women) were tested. Night blood surveys for microfilaraemia were restr...

We report two siblings with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS); the older sister died of acute myeloblastic leukaemia and the younger sister has a slowly progressive leucopenia. Her prognosis is guarded in view of the increased incidence of neoplasms in this condition. More than 200 cases of RTS have now been reported worldwide.1 This is the first rep...

The phytochemical investigation of Arum palaestinum resulted in the isolation of two flavone C-glucosides, namely isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-glucoside) and vitexin (apigenin 8-C glucoside). The effects of isoorientin on rat isolated aorta, ileum, trachea and uterus and on guinea-pig uterus were studied. Isoorientin (10(-7)M-6 x 10(-4)M) caused conce...

Currently, about 1.6 million people live in areas of Saudi Arabia where malaria is transmitted. In the southwestern region of the Asir lowlands (Tihama), Plasmodium falciparum is the predominant species, accounting for over 90% of all malaria infections. 1 The peak of malaria transmission in the Asir lowlands is between October and April, and coinc...

The effects of 8 selected flavonoids of deformability, osmotic fragility and dextran-induced aggregation of human erythrocytes were studied. The following flavonoids were found to protect against loss of filterability (deformability) through 5 microns diameter pores of erythrocytes dehydrated with calcium ionophore A23187 (1.9 mumol/l): apigenin >...

1. Eleven selected flavonoids were studied to evaluate their effects on the rat isolated ileum and to determine their structure-activity relationships. 2. The flavonoids rutin and 3',5,7-trihydroxy-4' methoxyflavone-7-rutinoside, which have a sugar moiety (O-rha-glu), had no significant effect on the ileum, indicating that the presence of sugar sub...

We report the case of a female patient who at presentation fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of dermatomyositis and also had an autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Although autoimmune haemolysis is a well recognized feature of a number of autoimmune disorders, it has not previously been described in association with dermatomyositis.

The isolation for the first time from Artemisia monosperma (Compositae) of the known flavone eupatilin and its effects on rat isolated smooth muscle preparations are described. In concentrations from 10 -7 M to 3×10 -4 M, eupatilin (5, 7-dihydroxy-6, 3', 4'-trimethoxyflavone) inhibited in a reversible manner the phasic contractions and the tone of...

The isolation for the first time from the genus Artemisia (Compositae) of the known flavanone, 7-O-methyleriodictyol (7-methoxy-5,3',4'-trihydroxy-flavanone), its identification, and its biological effects on rat isolated smooth muscles are described. 7-O-Methyleriodictyol (10(-7) M to 3 x 10(-4) M) caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the...

Persistent false positive high titres of serology for visceral leishmaniasis in two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using the indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT) are described.

1. Isolated proximal and distal extralobar branches of the pulmonary artery of the guinea-pig develop slow and well-sustained contractions in response to hypoxia (PO2 11-15 mm Hg) without prior stimulation with an agonist. These contractions are readily reversible by readministration of oxygen. 2. Incubation of these preparations with diethyldithio...

Phytochemical analysis of the ground aerial parts of Artemisia arborescens resulted in the isolation from the ethanolic extract of the known compounds: artemitin, arborescin, sesamin, (+)-lirioresinol beta-dimethyl ether, chrysoeriol, apigenin, beta-sitosteryl glucoside, dihydroridentin, and chrysoeriol 4-glucoside. The last six compounds are isola...

1. The isolated unstimulated main trunk, extralobar and intralobar branches of the pulmonary artery of the guinea-pig developed well-sustained contractions upon exposure to hypoxia (95% N2-5% CO2 gas mixture; PO2 11-15 mm Hg). The contractions were readily reversible by reoxygenation (95% O2-5% CO2). 2. Mechanical removal of the endothelium did not...

The effects of (−)oblongine chloride, a quaternary alkaloid from Leontice leontopetalum on blood pressure, heart rate and blood flow of the anaesthetized guinea-pig were studied. At doses ranging from 0.5 mg/kg to 30 mg/kg, i.v., oblongine chloride caused a dose-dependent reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These doses were associat...

The effects of the flavone luteolin, extracted from Colchicum richii, on guinea-pig isolated ileum, pulmonary artery, trachea, atrium, perfused heart, and on blood pressure and blood flow of anaesthetized guinea-pigs were studied. Luteolin (10−5−3 × 10−4 M) caused concentration-dependent relaxation of the tone of ileum, epinephrine-precontracted pu...

Although ketamine increases pulmonary vascular resistance of patients, an occasional decrease of resistance in animals and humans has been reported. In addition, ketamine has a direct relaxant effect on isolated smooth muscle. The effects of ketamine on the main pulmonary artery rings isolated from the guinea pig were studied to elucidate the under...

1. The effects of (-)oblongine chloride, a quaternary alkaloid from Leontice leontopetalum, on guinea-pig isolated ileal longitudinal segments, main pulmonary artery rings, spontaneously-beating atrium and isolated perfused heart were studied. 2. Oblongine chloride (3 x 10(-5)-10(-3) M) caused concentration-dependent relaxation of ileum, an effect...

Bulbs of S. clusiani were found to contain the following eight known alkaloids: lycorine, galanthamine, haemanthamine, haemanthidine, 11-hydroxyvittatine, crinine and isotazettine. The biological effects of the major alkaloid lycorine were studied. In the guinea-pig, lycorine caused concentration-dependent relaxation of the isolated epinephrine-pre...

The effects of the venom of the sand viper (Cerastes cerastes) on haematological and cardiovascular parameters and on isolated ileum, trachea, pulmonary artery and atrium from the guinea-pig were studied. In concentrations from 0.2 micrograms/ml to 0.6 mg/ml, snake venom caused concentration-dependent relaxation of the longitudinal ileal segments a...

1. In concentrations from 10(-8) M to 3 x 10(-4) M, cirsiliol caused concentration-dependent relaxation of rat isolated ileum. 2. Phentolamine (10(-6) M) or phentolamine and propranolol (10(-6) M) had no significant effects on the concentration-effect curves or on the EC50 of cirsiliol on the ileum. 3. Cirsiliol shifted to the right the acetylcholi...

Persistent false serology for kala-azar using the indirect haemagglutination technique is described in two patients. One patient had Behcet's disease and the other infective endocarditis.

The effects of dichloroglyoxime (DCG) on isolated rings of aorta, main pulmonary artery, trachea and spontaneously-beating atrium of guines-pig were studied. DCG caused concentration- dependent relaxation of the epinephrine-contracted aortic and pulmonary artery rings and of the tone of tracheal rings. Propranolol caused a slight shift to the right...

1. The effects of the oxyaporphine alkaloid thalicminine on guinea-pig isolated ileum, trachea, aorta and pulmonary artery and on blood pressure and heart rate of anesthetized guinea-pigs were studied. 2. Thalicminine (1-300 microM) caused the relaxation of the longitudinal ileal segments. The relaxation induced by 300 microM was followed by vigoro...

This paper presents changes in the bone marrow of patients with malaria; it is based primarily on observations of bone marrows of 89 Gambian children with P. falciparum malaria and includes a review of the literature. Erythroid hyperplasia with dyserythropoiesis was found to be more common in patients with severe anemia and low grade parasitemia th...

A case is reported of Sudanese falciparum malaria which has exhibited recurrence after treatment with several courses of chloroquine despite the absence of reinfection.

The effects of the flavone 3,3'-di-O-methylquercetin (DOMQ) have been examined and compared with those of quercetin, on guinea-pig isolated ileum, trachea, and main pulmonary artery (MPA). Except for transient contractions induced by low concentrations (10(-8)-3 x 10(-6) M), DOMQ and quercetin (up to 3 x 10(-4) M) caused reduction of the tone and t...

1. Low concentrations of petaline chloride (1-300 micrograms/ml) caused relaxation of the epinephrine-contracted aorta, contraction of the ileum, and no effect on the trachea. 2. Larger concentrations (up to 3 mg/ml) caused nonsustained large contractions of the aorta and the trachea and increased the amplitude of the phasic contractions of the ile...

1. In small concentrations (10(-7)-3 X 10(-6) M), hispidulin caused concentration-dependent contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum and only mild relaxation of guinea-pig tracheal rings. 2. Larger concentrations (up to 3 X 10(-4) M) caused concentration-dependent relaxation of the ileum and the trachea. All the effects on the ileum and the trachea...

There was a wide variation in the number of BFUe and CFUe in the bone marrow of Gambian children with falciparum malaria and moderate or severe anaemia. However, such children were often not deficient in these erythroid progenitors. The number of BFUe in patients who had parasitaemias greater than 1% was significantly lower than that in patients wi...

The isolation for the first time from Artemisia judaica L. (Compositae) of the known flavone, cirsimaritin (5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone), its identification, and its biological effects on the isolated guinea-pig ileum are described. Small concentrations (2 ×10⁻⁶ M to 2 × 10⁻⁵M) of cirsimaritin have no observed effects on the phasic contract...

Ultrastructural studies were performed on bone marrow aspirates from three patients with visceral leishmaniasis. The patients were moderately anaemic but showed a suboptimal increase in the absolute reticulocyte count. Serum and red cell folate concentrations and serum vitamin B12 concentrations were normal in all three cases, and serum ferritin co...

The presence of an IgG antibody to autologous schizont-infected red blood cells (SIRBC) in the sera of Gambian children with acute malaria and a positive direct anti-globulin test (DAT) was demonstrated by two methods: IgG quantitation using 125I-labelled anti-IgG and phagocytosis of these SIRBC. A similar antibody could not be demonstrated in sera...

An optimum gas chromatographic separation of all protein amino acids in one run on capillaries coated with Chirasil-Val is difficult to achieve. Overlap of enantiomers of different amino acids may occur because the relative retention times depend upon the overall polarity of the stationary phase, the film thickness and the actual temperature progra...

Quantitation of red cell associated IgG in 62 Gambian patients with P. falciparum malaria and 23 normal adult controls was carried out, using a purified 125I-labelled anti IgG. The number of IgG molecules per red cell was found to be between 90-897 molecules for patients with malaria and 100-233 for controls. 12 patients with malaria had raised lev...

When mononuclear cells derived from the blood of unsensitized adult Caucasians are incubated for 22 hours with supernatants from cultures of Plasmodium falciparum, there is a substantial stimulation of the phagocytic capacity of the adherent monocytes for anti-D sensitized red cells. This stimulatory effect is dependent on (i) a heat-stable factor...

Haematological studies in a group of Gambian children with severe anaemia due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria revealed marked dyserythropoietic changes in erythroblasts and evidence of increased ineffective erythropoiesis. In some cases, the bone marrow also showed a few giant metamyelocytes and ring sideroblasts. The results of deoxyuridine suppr...

Anemia is an important complication of P. falciparum malaria infection. This paper describes recent studies that have attempted to define some of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in different forms of infection and at different stages of the illness. After an acute infection there is a steady fall in the haemoglobin level with an inapprop...

The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was performed on 243 subjects in Kenya. A high incidence of positive DAT was found in children with malaria of whom 70% had RBCs coated with IgG, C3 and C4 either separately or together. Only 12% of paediatric patients with conditions other than malaria had a positive DAT. Most positive DATs in association with ma...

This study was designed to examine the existence and possible mechanisms of segmental differences in sensitivity to adrenergic substances in the pulmonary vasculature of the guinea pig. The main pulmonary artery was found to be less sensitive to epinephrine, norepinephrine and phenylephrine than its left and right main branches. Because there were...

S ummary The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was performed on 134 Gambian children with P. falciparum malaria. 52 children had a positive DAT and in 25 this was due to the adherence of C3 to their red cells whilst 13 had sensitization with IgG as well as C3. Sensitization with C4 alone or associated with IgG and/or C3 was only rarely found.

The cell cycle distribution of the erythroblasts of 6 Gambian children with P. falciparum malaria was determined using the technique of combined Feulgen microspectrophotometry and 3H-thymidine autoradiography. The data showed evidence of a perturbation of erythroblast kinetics in all 6 children. The abnormalities were more marked in the children wi...

Anaemia during malaria is not completely understood. Fourteen cases of anti-erythrocyte autoimmunisation with anti-I specificity were investigated in a Paris hospital during a period of 2 years. The patients lived in Gabon and had not been taking antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. All had chronic malaria (strongly positive antimalarial immunofluorescen...

S ummary The haematological changes in a group of young Gambian children with P. falciparum malaria have been analysed. In children with acute infection anaemia was most marked during the period after treatment. Although many of these patients developed a positive direct Coombs test during this period of the illness it is not clear whether the anae...