Shizuyo Sutou

Shujitsu University · School of Pharmacy

The Earth was highly radioactive four billion years ago when life emerged. Even today, all humans are bombarded by 20,000 radiation strikes each second. Although high radiation doses are hazardous, organisms have evolved not only to tolerate lower-dose radiation but also to benefit by it (hormesis). Hormesis is prevailing in all species in various...

Background We previously showed that hormetic responses can be established in cell activity tests using human and murine adherent cells. This time, we examined whether hormetic responses can be established in cell proliferation tests using suspended human and murine lymphoid cells. Methods Human lymphoblastoid cells (TK6) and mouse lymphoma cells...

Abstract Ionizing radiation is regulated by the linear no-threshold model (LNT), which asserts that the lowest doses of ionizing radiation are hazardous in proportion to the dose and dose rate. LNT is based on the data of the Life Span Study (LSS) of A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Radiation doses of the survivors were estimated by usin...

In the original publication of this article [1], the author pointed out the reference list mismatched citations in the main text. All citations and reference has been updated.

Background According to the linear no-threshold model (LNT), even the smallest amount of radiation is hazardous. Although the LNT is not based on solid data, this hypothesis has been applied to mutagens and carcinogens. As a result, it has been postulated that there are no thresholds for these chemicals. To demonstrate negativity by experiments is...

The US National Academy of Sciences (NAS) presented the linear no-threshold hypothesis (LNT) in 1956, which indicates that the lowest doses of ionizing radiation are hazardous in proportion to the dose. This spurious hypothesis was not based on solid data. NAS put forward the BEIR VII report in 2006 as evidence supporting LNT. The study described i...

The Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS) was established in 1972 by 147 members, 11 of whom are still on the active list as of May 1, 2016. As one of them, I introduce some historic topics here. These include 1) establishment of JEMS, 2) the issue of 2-(2-furyl)-3-(3-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2), 3) the Mammalian Mutagenicity Study Grou...

The A-bomb blast released a huge amount of energy: Thermal radiation (35%), blast energy (50%), and nuclear radiation (15%). Of the 15%, 5% was initial radiation released within 30 s and 10% was residual radiation, the majority of which was fallout. Exposure doses of hibakusha (A-bomb survivors) were estimated solely on the basis of the initial rad...

Introduction: The linear no-threshold model (LNT) has been the basis for radiation protection policies worldwide for 60 years. LNT was fabricated without correct data. The lifespan study of Atomic bomb survivors (LSS) has provided fundamental data to support the NLT. In LSS, exposure doses were underestimated and cancer risk was overestimated; LSS...

The linear no-threshold model (LNT) was recommended in 1956, with abandonment of the traditional threshold dose-response for genetic risk assessment. Adoption of LNT by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) became the standard for radiation regulation worldwide. The ICRP recommends a dose limit of 1 mSv/ year for the public...

The magnitude 9.0 Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011, claiming more than 20,000 lives. It crippled the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, whose hydrogen-air explosions contaminated wide areas around Fukushima with radionuclides. The number of evacuees initially totaled 328,903, but has been reduced to 263,392 as of February...

The March 11 earthquake and tsunami crippled the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) of Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO). The blackout of the plant led to hydrogen explosion and wide areas were consequently contaminated with radioactive substances. People who lived in the evacuation zone that was set as the area within a 20 km radius...

Bipedalism paved the way to delivery of immature babies and development of the brain after birth. This communication presents the argument that hairlessness allowed hominins to access fire through wildfires, which occurred frequently after a climate shift from a wet to a dry environment 2.5 million years ago (Ma). Initially, naked hominins approach...

Three characteristics, i.e., bipedalism, nakedness, and the family reproductive unit, distinguish humans from other primates. Once a hairless mutation was initially introduced, these three could be explained inseparately. All primates except humans can carry their babies without using their hands. A hairless mother would be forced to stand and walk...

The 42nd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society (JEMS42) was held on November 29 and 30, 2013, at the Okayama Convention Center in Okayama. The venue is two minutes walk from the Okayama Station. The main theme of JEMS42 was “Mutation and evolution: where do we come from and where are we going?” The number of attendants was ap...

The March 11 earthquake and tsunami led to the failure of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) of Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), which contaminated wide areas with radioactive substances. Although working for Shujitsu University in Okayama City, the author's home is in Moriya City, Ibaraki Prefecture, 180 km southwest of FDNPP....

Molecular and paleontological dating indicates human appearance 6 million years ago. Early hominin fossils show that they were bipeds. Three salient characteristics distinguish humans from other primates: bipedality, practical nakedness, and the family reproductive unit. Once a hairless mutation was initially introduced, the three characteristics b...

Introduction The success of the Human Genome Project and the availability of the complete sequence of the human genome have revealed the existence of numerous genes whose functions are unknown. Although many functional genes were successfully identified using libraries of randomized ribozymes (Kruger et al., 2000; Li et al., 2000; Welch et al., 200...

Sequence updated (18-Apr-1996) Sequence updated (16-May-1998).

On Aug 1, 2000 this sequence version replaced gi:3142138.

The present invention provides PCR primers with which sexing of bovine embryos can be easily attained and provides a practical, rapid and reliable method for determining the sex of bovine embryos using these primers. The methods for determining the sex of the bovine embryos are characterized by discriminating PCR products which are obtained by ampl...