Shivaraju H.P

• Ph.D
• Professor (Assistant) at JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research

Highlights how microplastics in soil, water bodies, and air pose complex challenges to environmental and human health Discusses the urgent need for concerted action to combat this environmental crisis Explores the challenges posed by plastic pollution and focuses on the reuse of plastic waste for sustainable practices

This study aimed to increase the photocatalytic activity of ZnO-based magnetically modified nanocomposites to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts were thoroughly investigated, and the effects of various operational parameters were analyzed. The photodegradation efficiency of the pesti...

In recent years, carbon dots have attracted significant attention from researchers because of their simplicity of synthesis, stability against light, water solubility, abundance of polar groups on their surface, low cost, and environmental compatibility. This study focused on synthesizing carbon dots from honey, garlic, and carrot using a green met...

The process of transforming solar power into hydrogen fuel through photoelectrochemical water splitting is a highly viable strategy for producing hydrogen in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner, offering a long term solution to the worldwide energy crisis. Therefore, the need for high-performance photoelectrodes is critical for optim...

Clean energy production and environmental remediation are imperative for sustainable future. Specially, exploration of multifunctional catalyst, for production of low-cost and eco-friendly hydrogen (H2) fuel as well as efficient decomposition of emerging pollutants are certainly needed. This study investigates magnesium man- ganese oxide (MgMnO3),...

Contaminants of emergent concerns (CECs) are contaminants found in trace amounts in the environment that have not before been recognized and pose significant environmental and health hazards. Pharmaceutical and personal care items, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, disinfection by-products, and other CECs are among them. The current chapter describes...

Microplastics are considered to be pollutants of emerging concern. A systematic method is required since it is a complex issue to attain the overview and negate management solutions that have peripheral outcomes. An important query regarding microplastics is the number of risks they can cause to the urban water system. No risk assessment is availab...

Water is a crucial as well as non-renewable resource that is vital for our existence and proper management is necessary for its renewal. Currently, over 1.7 billion people reside in areas where water usage exceeds the natural replenishment rate, and by 2025, two-thirds of the global population will live in countries facing water stress (Cosgrove an...

Water is an invaluable commodity that is necessary for all living forms and is crucial to socioeconomic progress and the sustainability of the environment. Everyone who lives in this world depends on water: Water is Life.

In the current scenario, more than half of the population is settled in urban areas, which serve as hubs of development, prosperity, and manufacturing. However, managing water resources in these developing regions poses a significant challenge in providing hygienic and efficient solutions. The most common challenges faced by developing countries in...

Global energy demand has drastically increased due to urbanization and industrialization; thus, developing alternative renewable energy sources is urgently required. In the present work, upgrading the pyrolytic oil (PO) derived from fresh palm fruit was performed by the catalytic in situ hydrodeoxygenation (in situ HDO) process. Preparation of nick...

This study investigated the efficiency of hydrochar derived from hydrothermal fulvification of wheat straw in adsorbing malachite green (MG) dye. The characterizations of the hydrochar samples were determined using various analytical techniques like SEM, EDX, FTIR, X-ray spec-troscopy, BET surface area analysis, ICP-OES for the determination of ino...

The results of this study demonstrated the successful conversion of paper sludge waste (PS) to carbonaceous hydrochar by applying hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) under controlled conditions. The experimental conditions were designed by Box–Behnken design (BBD) within a temperature range of 200–220 °C, time of 2–6 h, and liquid–solid ratios (L/S) o...

The development of catalysis technologies for sustainable environmental applications, especially an alternative to ammonia (NH3) production under the Haber–Bosch process, has gained a lot of scope in recent days. The current work demonstrated a green synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride (gC3N4) containing magnesium-zinc-aluminium mixed metal oxide...

Water contamination engendered by pharmaceutical effluents and organic dyes is emerged as a serious environmental catastrophe, causing massive ecological repercussions as well as enduring risks to aquatic life and human health. Hence designing of highly efficient and robust photocatalyst with excellent intrinsic properties for the degradation of po...

The development of solar-driven transfer of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia is one of the green and sustainable strategies in industrial ammonia production. Nickel-titanium-layered double hydroxide (NiTi-LDH) was synthesised using the soft-chemical process for atmospheric nitrogen fixation application under photocatalysis in an aqueous system. Ni...

The low-level existence of emerging contaminants (ECs) has caused tremendous alarm due to their persistence, chronic toxicity, and endocrine-disrupting impacts on both terrestrial and marine animals. To deal with this issue sophisticated water and wastewater treatment technology are needed. Membrane-based water treatment technologies are rapidly re...

Visible-light active La-Fe-SrTiO3 (La0.01Sr0.99Fe0.01Ti0.99O3) photocatalysts were synthesized via a dynamic hydrothermal route under different NaOH concentrations (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 M). The results showed that altering NaOH concentrations changed the physicochemical characteristics of the materials. Namely, the decrease in particle size was observ...

In this study, a visible-light sensitive neodymium iron oxide (NdFeO3) perovskite nanostructure was fabricated via facile citrate sol–gel method to target the degradation of lomefloxacin (LMF) antibiotic and methylene blue (MB) dye. The as-synthesized catalyst were investigated employing various characterization techniques scuch as XRD, EDX, SEM, U...

The study focuses on the facile synthesis of MnTiO3/Ag/gC3N4 (manganese titanate /silver/ graphitic carbon nitride) via sol–gel techniques, further involving calcination. The catalyst was prompted for photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic tetracycline under simulated sunlight. Additionally, the physical and optical property of the composite was...

The coupling of novel ZnFe2O4/Ag2S was successfully synthesized via the wet chemical method. The photocatalytic activity of the catalyst was checked with the degradation of methylene blue dye. The photocatalytic activity showed 90 % efficient removal of methylene blue over ZnFe2O4/Ag2S heterojunction, thus giving brief that doping the material with...

Herein, trimetallic CuZnAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) was synthesized via a soft chemical technique. The catalyst showed promising CO2 reduction in various hydrocarbons under the influence of a visible light source due to its narrow band gap (2.85 eV). During the 4 h photoreduction reaction, a maximum of 8.9 μL/mL/h ethanol, 4.8 μL/mL/h methano...

The study focuses on the development of a composite for photocatalytic remediation of persistent organic pollutants. The ZnSnO3/Fe/gC3N4 was synthesized through simple coprecipitation and calcination processes respectively, the final composite was prepared through sonication of the individual materials under irradiation. Different advanced characte...

The main aim of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin in an aqueous medium using Ni:TiO2 nanoparticles stabilized on ceramic surfaces under natural sunlight irradiation. Ni:TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydrothermal method and char-acterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, a...

In this study, lanthanum copper oxide was synthesized under hydrothermal techniques and characterized for doxycycline degradation. The catalyst exhibited enhanced photocatalytic doxycycline degradation under visible light owing to its compatible bandgap energy (1.7 eV). The XRD data revealed high crystallinity of the material with no noticeable imp...

The presence of humic acids and their compounds react with chlorinated residues during water disinfection processes and produce toxic halogenated hydrocarbons, which are carcinogenic. The aim of this research work was to determine photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in an aqueous media using molybdenum-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Mo:...

The present work reveals the photocatalytic ability of yttrium molybdate coupled polypyrrole nanocomposite (YMoO4/PPy) towards the removal of nitrofuran-based broad-spectrum antibiotic nitrofurantoin (NFT) in water under the irradiation of light-emitting diode (LED). Here, YMoO4 was hydrothermally prepared while template-driven growth of PPy nanoro...

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are defined as pollutants present in negligible amounts in the environment, which have not been detected previously and cause high-level environmental and health risks. These CECs include pharmaceutical and personal care products, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, persistent organic compounds, disinfection by-p...

Antibiotics in water system pose a human health risk due to the rise of antibacterial activity in the environmental web. Advanced oxidation processes are the potential to become an effective treatment technology for targeting antibiotics. This study demonstrates the visible light photocatalysis of lomefloxacin using magnesium titanate (MgTiO3). The...

The present work demonstrates the glycol-assisted sol–gel process to yield gadolinium ortho-ferrite (GdFeO3) nanoparticles. The as-synthesized GdFeO3 was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), electrochemical impedance...

The current research focuses on the hydrothermal assembly of copper tungsten sulfide (Cu2WS4) for photocatalytic degradation of lomefloxacin (LOM), a toxic and persistent antibiotic in water. The hydrothermal synthesis aided in tailoring the morphology of Cu2WS4. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform inf...

The present work illustrates the synthesis of GdFeO3 by glycol assisted sol-gel process and the polyaniline (PANI) by in-situ oxidative polymerization to constitute GdFeO3 interfaced PANI composite (GdFeO3/PANI) for electrochemical detection and photocatalytic decomposition of an organic pollutant, acetaminophen (AC). The physical, structural, and...

The aim of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic decomposition of disinfection by-products using zinc oxide nanoparticles doped with zirconium (Zr:ZnO NPs). Zr:ZnO NPs were synthesized through mild hydrothermal method. The characterization of Zr:ZnO NPs was performed using X-ray diffraction, SEM, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,...

Increasing mining and industrial discharge of untreated wastewater, as well as excessive use of fertilizers for agricultural purposes, and heavy metal contamination in soil have become one of the serious environmental problems worldwide. In the present study, pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of arsenic contamination and othe...

Pharmaceuticals compounds are the emerging contaminants known for their refractory and environmental persistence, which pose threat to flora and fauna. In the present study, the occurrence and possible contamination sources of four drugs, namely paracetamol, diclofenac, salbutamol and ceftriaxone in wastewater of Mysuru, India, were investigated. T...

Many untreated and partly treated wastewater from the home and commercial resources is being discharged into the aquatic environment these days, which contains numerous unknown and complex natural and inorganic compounds. These compounds tend to persist, initiating severe environmental problems, which affect human health. Conventionally, physicoche...

Textile industry is one of the seven major polluting industries and large amounts of different dyes and colorants are released into the environment through the effluents. Industrial dyes and colorants are very complex in structure and toxic and they need to be removed to prevent ecological damages. Due to the drawbacks in the existing conventional...

In the race of technological advancement for better health and better lifestyle, research has founded a strong base to bring out new antibiotics, vaccines, generic medications, and personal care products (PCPs) for the people. On the other hand, the risk and effects concerning residues of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the ur...

Industries are always the backbone of a country and among them, the textile industry has excelled and far stretched throughout their world. The materials used in the textile industry are hazardous and toxic dyes and various other corrosive chemicals. The handling of these wastes and effluents has been a problem for industries as well as others rela...

Photocatalysis is an effective way for treatment of wastewater and degradation of dyes. It is important to assess the reusability of photocatalyst and treated water after the treatment process. In this study, the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 (titanium dioxide) and TiO2-TMAOH (titanium dioxide-tetramethylammonium hydroxide) was analyzed for degra...

Polymer nanocomposites have been exceptionally functional and gaining heightened attention as sustainable materials to address environmental problems. The unique physicochemical properties, electronic compatibility, high surface-to-volume ratio, conductivity, rapid interfacial interactions, ease of synthesis, low cost, and ease of functionalizatio...

The bi-functional nanoscale catalysts are of growing attention to address environmental problems. The present work successfully fabricated the hexagonal silver delafossite oxide bridged graphene oxide ultrathin nanosheets interfaces (AgFeO2/GO) to target photodegradation of an antibiotic and inactivation of model waterborne pathogens for the first...

In the present study, SrTiO3 (strontium titanate) photocatalyst was prepared through the hydrothermal process for photodegradation of aniline blue (AB) and azithromycin (AZM). The as-synthesized material was characterized with X-ray diffraction test (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV...

Rapid urbanization and growing population have led to an increase in the consumption of resources, resulting in water pollution and energy shortage, calling for advanced solutions. For that, transition metal chalcogenides have gained interest because of their earth abundance, tunable bandgaps, modifiable elemental composition, catalytic stability,...

The availability of clean water and energy scarcity are rising issues in the context of rising population and industrialization, calling for advanced methods of remediation and energy production. Here, layered double hydroxides, as anionic clays, can be used and engineered as adsorbents or catalysts. Layered double hydroxides are generally highly s...

Results demonstrated in this work presented the synthesis of mesoporous Ce and Fe co-modified SrTiO3 (CexSr1-xFexTi1-xO3) perovskite materials using an innovative chelate complex approach, applying a molar excess of glycerol and citric acid monohydrate as the chelating agents. The influence of different Ce and Fe dopant concentrations (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.05...

The present study focuses on the sonochemical synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride-manganese oxide (GCN/MnO2) nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of an environmentally hazardous pharmaceutical compound, tetracycline hydrochloride (TcH). The sonochemical synthesis aided in tailoring the morphology of GCN/MnO2. The characterization results...

The majority of the cities across the developing countries have saddled water supply and quality management issues. Unfortunately, even cities with adequate water resources and infrastructures foresee safe drinking water supply as a challenge. The present study discusses the potential hazardous events associated with a drinking water supply and man...

Humic acid is one of the predominant organic substances in both surface and ground waters, creating an unpleasant taste and color in water. It is one of the most important precursors of disinfection by-products. Magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized through the chemical precip-itation method. Removal of humic acid from aqueous solutions using ma...

Phthalate acid ester, di (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is ubiquitously detected contaminant of emerging concerns (CECs) in all the environmental samples. The present study attempted to understand the fate and transport of DEHP in urban areas by evaluating the quantities, distribution, risk, and effects in the Mysuru city, India. The study is anti...

Zn based bioactive Zn5(OH)8Cl2.H2O nanostructure was synthesized by sol-gel technique and characterized. Characterization results confirmed desired functionalities such as polycrystalline structure, simonkolleite phase, functional groups, high stability and 2-D flakes like nanostructures. Zn based nanostructure influenced the microbial CH4 producti...

The present work demonstrates the unique construction of polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) contained nonhierarchical zinc-vanadium oxide (ZnV2O6) composite for light-emitting diode (LED) aided photocatalytic degradation of an organic pollutant, tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). The g-C3N4 was prepared by pyrolysis of urea whereas ZnV2O6 an...

The development of improved catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO2 into methane is a sustainable response to the energy crisis and environmental problems at the global level. Mn‐Ce/N‐TiO2 heterojunctions, comprising a Mn‐Ce concretion composite, were prepared using a sol–gel technique, and the photocatalytic hydrogenation of CO2 was studied using v...

The present study focus on synthesis of visible-light active pure, Fluoride (F) - and Silica (Si)-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst. Designing the nanoparticles under sol–gel process of synthesis method is adopted. Characterizations such as SEM, XRD, FTIR, and DLS revealed about the crystallinity, physico-catalytic properties of the photo...

The harmful and destructive effects of excessive consumption of thiourea in various industries and agriculture have caused health and environmental concerns. Hence, attention has been paid to the need for analysis and detection thiourea at very low concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of electrochemical sensor based...

Background: Blepharis integrifolia is in the preparation of traditional formulation for the treatment of various diseases, including digestive disorders such as flatulence and dysentery. Although a very few studies have assessed the pharmacological properties, nothing is known about the phytochemicals present and the effect of extracts on its pharm...

Background: Blepharis integrifolia is in the preparation of traditional formulation for the treatment of various diseases, including digestive disorders such as flatulence and dysentery. Although a very few studies have assessed the pharmacological properties, nothing is known about the phytochemicals present and the effect of extracts on its pharm...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the major pollutants present in the petrochemical industrial effluents. These VOCs have high vapor pressure, which makes it to be dispersed into the atmosphere easily. Chlorobenzene is one such VOC, which has an ability to cause adverse impacts on human health by damaging the central nervous systems. The...

Chemical pesticides and herbicides are one of the most important pollutants in urban, agricultural and industrial wastewaters. Improper discharge of these compounds into water bodies’ cause harmful effects on both environment and human health. In this study, photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (usually called 2,4-D) was inv...

The present work attempt to demonstrate a sustainable wastewater treatment process which is cost-effective, durable and employs light-weight functional material. Specifically, the study reveals the preparation of photocatalyst ([email protected]2) decorated on natural floatable spheres for photo-oxidation of organic pollutants under sunlight irradi...

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.

The present study demonstrates the facile synthesis of SnO2 (tin oxide) 2D nanoflakes (2-dimensional) for sonophotocatalytic tetracycline hydrochloride (TcH) degradation. TcH is known to be widely used antibiotic, but even minute concentrations of it make the aqueous environment unsafe for living beings. As-synthesized SnO2 was thoroughly character...

With an increasing global usage of dyes and colorants in various industries, the increase in dye contamination level in water has frequently reported. Developments of appropriate techniques for the degradation of dyes in industrial wastewater are critical and urgently required. Utilization of low-cost materials for the treatment of various dyes usi...

The harmful and destructive effects of excessive consumption of thiourea in various industries and agriculture have caused health and environmental concerns. Hence, attention has been paid to the need for analysis and detection thiourea at very low concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of electrochemical sensor based...

Technical advancement is urgently required for the degradation of micro-pollutants in municipal wastewater. The present study aimed to describe the preparation of a filter-bed Mn-TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite and degradation of micro-pollutants in real-time municipal wastewater obtained from Kesare wastewater treatment plant in Mysore district, India. Act...

Background: Azo dyes represent the most commonly used group of dyes in the textile industry. These organic dyes are mainly resistant to biodegradation and may exhibit toxic and carcinogenic properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of doping zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) with transition metals (silver, manganese,...

The present study aimed at evaluating the application of tungsten oxide-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles for the photocatalytic degradation of Direct Blue 15 dye in a sequencing batch reactor. ZnO nanoparticles were doped with WO 3 through hydrothermal synthesis method. To characterize the synthesized nanoparticles scanning electron microscopy, X-ray...

Volatile organic compounds are toxic and are one of the major environmental pollutants, which have a significant impact on human health. Bromobenzene is one among the VOCs, which is considered as a hazardous compound. High volatile and hazardous nature of bromobenzene within in a minute concentration has hindered the effective treatment using conve...

The antimicrobial activity of S. indica, Fabaceae Family and C. paniculatum, Lamiaceae Family collected from Western Ghats, Karnataka was determined against plant and human pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, initially, methanol, hexane and ethyl acetate extract of these plants were examined for phytochemical screening using qualitative biochemi...

Hazard events, which impact on water quality, can be occurred throughout the water supply system. In the present study, comprehensive evaluation of water quality parameters at different level of water supply and associated hazard events, which probably impact on water quality, was carried out in Mysuru city, Karnataka. A detailed physico-chemical a...

The present study reveals the carbon recovery potential from municipal solid waste (MSW) and wastewater by proximate physico-chemical analysis for the purpose of renewable energy production. MSW with cow dung (FS1) and wastewater (FS2) showed a C: N ratio of 43:1.2 and 16:0.8 respectively, which indicates significant carbon recovery potential. Cumu...

Composting leachate is one of the highly polluted liquids generated at landfills and compost plant. Therefore, the aim of this research work was to photodegrade leachate generated from a biocomposting plant from Iran by neodymium-doped ZnO hybrid nanoparticles (Nd:ZnO NPs). The photocatalytic degradation of leachate was optimized based on surface r...

Novel fixed-bed adsorption investigations applying carbon nanotube (CNT) coated poly-amidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) as an adsorbent have been studied for the adsorption of As(III) as arsenous acid, Co²⁺, and Zn²⁺ from aqueous solution. FTIR, SEM, ¹H NMR, TGA, TEM, Raman Spectra and zeta potential measurements have been employed for characterizing the...