Shiqin Wang

• Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nitrate (NO3−) accumulation and transport processes in the thick vadose zone affect the evolution of the groundwater NO3− content in intensive agricultural regions. Agricultural land-use change (ALUC), typically accompanied by substantial alterations in nitrogen fertilizer application and irrigation practices, is an important influencing factor. Th...

It is uncertain how soil amendments (organic manure and biochar-based fertilizer) affect soil water and salt movement below the root zone under brackish water irrigation. Two-year field experiments (freshwater irrigation + chemical fertilizer (CK), twice alternative irrigation with brackish water + chemical fertilizer (BCF), twice alternative irrig...

Groundwater nitrate vulnerability in alluvial plains in agricultural areas is characterized and controlled by the distribution, sources, and fate of nitrate, which are influenced by a combination of land use and landform sedimentary types. Determining the relative importance of factors and understanding the combined action of multiple land uses and...

Understanding soil water dynamics in the deep vadose zone (DVZ, below the root zone) of irrigated farmland is critical for estimating groundwater recharge and assessing the impacts of agricultural activities on groundwater quality. However, the state and movement of soil water in the DVZ remain poorly understood owing to the lack of in-situ observa...

Understanding the mechanisms that control seasonal groundwater recharge at local and intermediate scales is critical for understanding contaminant transport. Preferential flow accompanied with intensive and seasonal recharge allows contaminants to migrate rapidly through the unsaturated zones to underlying aquifers. In this study, we investigated t...

Under the influence of water diversion, the microbial community composition of estuarine waters and sediments might have complex spatiotemporal variations. Microbial interactions with N are significant for lake water quality. Therefore, the largest lake receiving seasonal water diversion in the North China Plain was selected as the study area. Base...

Soil salination challenges sustainable agricultural production and management in the lowland area of the North China Plain (NCP). This study investigated the effect of varied rainfall events and hydrological years on deep drainage and salt leaching in Nanpi County in the NCP. Field experiments were conducted to measure soil matric potential (SMP) a...

Concentrated rainfall and water transfer projects result in slight and dramatic increases in flow volume over short periods of time, causing nitrogen recontamination in the water-receiving areas of nitrogen-rich rivers. This study coupled hydrodynamic and biochemical reaction models to construct a model for quantifying diffusive transport and trans...

Identification of diffused nitrate (NO3⁻) sources in groundwater is challenging in headwater areas with diverse land-uses, multiple potential inputs and intensification of precipitation. Although NO3⁻ sources in headwater areas with different land-uses have been observed, the mechanisms of the impact of extreme precipitation on NO3⁻ transport to gr...

Previous studies have demonstrated that seasonal variation is often the most important factor affecting aquatic bacterial assemblages. Whether anthropogenic activities can dominate community dynamics remains unknown. Based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, this study revealed and compared the relative influence of water diversions...

PurposeThe excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer in intensive agriculture has increased nitrate leaching into groundwater, but its impacts on N transformation processes and the associated microbial communities in the deep vadose zone remain unclear.Materials and methodsSoil samples from 0–1050 cm depth were collected from a 20-year field experim...

Heavy metal risks to human health in farmland of wastewater-irrigated areas have long been recognized. It remains to be shown whether farmland heavy metals from wastewater irrigation can migrate to deeper soil at a regional scale. In this study, nine soil cores deep to 30 m from three transects (A, B and C) of a linear wastewater reservoir and the...

Seasonally variation of water salinity is observed worldwide, the mechanisms of water salinity are not well understood due to natural factors and anthropogenic activities. Quantification water salinity source are challenging since complex influence factors, especially in agricultural regions irrigated with multi‐water sources. In the lowland area o...

How the water transfer imposes impacts on the groundwater in the water-receiving area is still unknown. Here, we employed hydrometric observations, hydrogeochemical analyses and data analysis methods to address this issue, taking one of the Yellow River water transfer project of China for example. We found that the interaction between river and gro...

Purpose In the lowland area of the North China Plain (NCP), increasing utilization of brackish water could promote the transformation of precipitation into available water resources, and alleviate the conflict between increase food production and freshwater scarcity. However, the processes of soil water movement and salt migration might be altered,...

The North China Plain (NCP) is a major food producing region in China. Overexploitation of groundwater for irrigation and overapplication of nitrogen (N) fertilizer have contributed to increased food production but have also resulted in water shortages and groundwater contamination. This paper reviews potential conflicts between strategies that ens...

Pseudomonas songnenensis strain L103 was isolated from a 100-m-deep aquifer in the North China Plain, a heavily nitrogen-fertilized agricultural area. The genome is 4.8 Mb and contains 4,409 protein-coding genes, including a full set of genes ( nar , nir , nor , and nos ) for complete denitrification.

From a critical zone perspective, the present paper aims to present the magnitude of groundwater recharge under different agricultural land-use types, reveal the process of water and solute transport in thick vadose zone, evaluate the “time lag” effect of recharge, and underscore the role of thickening vadose zone in recharge. The results indicated...

Understanding the interaction of surface water and groundwater affected by anthropogenic activities is of great importance for water resource and water quality management. The Xiong’an New Area, located in the North China Plain, has been designated a new building area by China’s government. Groundwater has been over pumped and artificial water was...

In the North China Plain (NCP), increased water shortages and food yield increase present serious threats to the sustainability of cultivated lands. Irrigation by brackish or saline water is a possible solution to alleviate freshwater shortages. It is critical to understand the soil salt variations and the characteristics of salt accumulation and l...

Distinguishing sources of groundwater contamination in regions with multiple potential sources can be challenging using conventional markers. In this study, isotopes of nitrate (δ¹⁵NNO3 and δ¹⁸ONO3) were examined in conjunction with other hydrochemical parameters to better distinguish sources of groundwater contamination, where intensive agricultur...

Water cycle and water quality in the Lake Baiyangdian watershed of the North China Plain have undergone great changes due to over-pumping of groundwater and wastewater discharge. In this paper, hydrogeochemical data was collected to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and geochemistry evolution of groundwater. The study area was divided into...

Mountain block recharge is the least well quantified owing to the lack of a thorough understanding of mountain block hydrological processes. Observations of spatio-temporal variations of groundwater were employed to clarify hydrologic processes in a semi-arid mountainous watershed of northern China. Results showed that the annual feeding rate of pr...

The contradiction between the freshwater shortage and the large demand of freshwater by irrigation was the key point in cultivated lowland area of North China Plain. Water transfer project brings fresh water from water resource rich area to water shortage area, which can in turn change the hydrological cycle in this region. Major ions and stable is...

Mountainous areas are characterized by steep slopes and rocky landforms, with hydrological conditions varying rapidly from upstream to downstream, creating variable interactions between groundwater and surface water. In this study, mechanisms of surface water–groundwater interaction within a headwater catchment of the North China Plain were assesse...

Microbes in the deep vadose zone play an essential role in the mitigation of nitrate leaching; however, limited information is available on the mechanisms of microbial denitrification due to sampling difficulties. We experimentally studied the factors that affect denitrification in soils collected down to 10.5 meters deep along the soil profile. Af...

Identification of different nitrate sources in groundwater is challenging in areas with diverse land use and multiple potential inputs. An area with mixed land-uses, typical of the piedmont-plain recharge area of the North China Plain, was selected to investigate different nitrate sources and the impact of land use on nitrate distribution in ground...

The adsorption behaviors of colloid transported in untreated glass bead and acid-washed glass bead were compared to examine influences of high pH conditions. Results showed that adsorption of colloid reduced by increasing pH value due to detachment of colloid from the primary minimum under unfavorable conditions. Chemical impurities promoted attach...

To identify impacts of air pollution, sewage drainage, agricultural production, over-pumping and reservoir storage on groundwater, a field survey was conducted in the Baiyangdian catchment of the North China Plain. Major ions and water isotopes were measured. Results show that hydrological processes and hydrogeochemical evolution of shallow groundw...

In this work, we traced sources of nitrate in the Ganjiang River, a major tributary of Yangtze River, China, by analysing the water chemistry, nitrogen isotopes and land use. Water samples from 20 sites in the main stream and tributaries were collected in the dry and wet seasons. The [Formula: see text] ranged from 0.97 to 8.60 ‰, and was significa...

Nitrate contamination is a common problem in groundwater of the North China Plain (NCP) owing to overuse of fertilizers and discharge of wastewater. Accordingly, it is important to investigate nitrate contamination in recharge areas to understand the fate of nitrate in the plains area. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution characteri...

There is an obvious regional contradiction between water resources and agricultural produce in lower plain area of North China, however, excessive fluorine in deep groundwater further limits the use of regional water resources. In order to understand the spatial distribution characteristics and source of F- in groundwater, study was carried out in...

Whether a recharge was induced by groundwater depression cones is a crucial issue for water resource management. In the North China Plain, shallow groundwater had been over-pumped since 1970s and many groundwater depression cones formed. The groundwater depression cone, Daceying-Machang, occurred even in the piedmont plain. In the area, water level...

In semi-arid regions, most human activities occur in alluvial fan areas; however, NO3(-) pollution has greatly threatened the shallow groundwater quality. In this paper, δ(15)N-NO3(-) and multi-tracers were used to identify the origin and fate of NO3(-) in groundwater of the Baiyangdian lake watershed, North China Plain. The investigation was condu...

A field survey is conducted on surface and groundwater samples collected from the Baiyangdian area in an effort to identify the scope and the impact of percolation of contaminated surface water on groundwater in the area, and to evaluate the groundwater quality for irrigation purposes. The pH, EC (Electric Conductivity) and ORP (Oxidation-Reduction...

A thorough understanding of recharge is usually a prerequisite for effective groundwater management. The recharge regime remains unrevealed in the piedmont plain of the North China Plain, where is considered as the main recharge zone of the Quaternary aquifer. To characterize the recharge regime, a case study is presented in the piedmont plain of t...

Large salinated areas are distributed in the middle and east of the North China Plain (NCP), where the fresh water shortage is serious. In this study, two sites in Cangzhou (CZ) and Hengshui (HS) of Hebei Province were selected to study the dynamics of shallow groundwater level and salinity. Electrical conductivity (EC) of groundwater was combined...

1] Stable deuterium (dD) and oxygen‐18 (d 18 O) isotopes in 1962 to 2002 precipitation from the seven Australian stations of the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) were used to investigate isotope characteristics including temporal and spatial distributions across different regions of Australia. On the basis of 1534 samples, the loc...

Monsoon circulation is an important carrier of water vapor transport, and it impacts the precipitation of the monsoonal regions through the constraints and controls of large-scale water vapor transport and distributions as well as the water vapor balance. An overall research on stable Hydrogen and Oxygen isotopes in precipitation over Eastern Monso...

In the shallow groundwater areas of North China Plain water cycle mostly occurs as infiltration, evaporation and evapotranspiration in the vertical direction, in which the unsaturated zone plays an important role in precipitation and groundwater. Isotope can be used to trace the process when the precipitation infiltrates and recharges groundwater....

In the shallow groundwater areas of the North China Plain (NCP), precipitation infiltration and evapotranspiration in the vertical direction are the main processes of the water cycle, in which the unsaturated zone plays an important role in the transformation process between precipitation and groundwater. In this paper, two typical sites in Cangzho...

In order to reveal the characteristics and climatic controls on the stable isotopic composition of precipitation over Arid Northwestern China, eight stations have been selected from Chinese Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (CHNIP). During the year 2005 and 2006, monthly precipitation samples have been collected and analyzed for the composition...

The groundwater level of 39 observation wells including 35 unconfined wells and 4 confined wells from 2004 to 2006 in North China Plain (NCP) was monitored using automatic groundwater monitoring data loggers KADEC-MIZU II of Japan. The automatic groundwater sensors were installed for the corporation project between China and Japan. Combined with th...

Summer monsoons (South Asian monsoon, South China Sea monsoon and Subtropical monsoon) are prominent features of summertime climate over southern China. Different monsoons carry different inflow moisture into China and control the temporal and spatial distributions of precipitation. Analyses of meteorological data, particularly wind, temperature an...

The groundwater level of 39 unconfined observation wells from 2004 to 2006 in North China Plain (NCP) was monitored using automatic groundwater monitoring data loggers KADEC-MIZU II of Japan. The automatic groundwater sensors were installed for the corporation project between China and Japan. Combined with the monitoring results from 2004 to 2006 w...

In order to reveal the characteristics and climatic controls on the stable isotope composition in precipitation over Northwest China, seven stations have been selected from the Chinese Network of Isotopes in Precipitation (CHNIP). During the year 2005, monthly precipitation samples have been collected and analyzed for the composition of δ 18O. The...

MODFLOW is a groundwater modeling program. It can be compiled and remedied according to the practical applications. Because of its structure and fixed data format, MODFLOW can be integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology for water resource management. The North China Plain (NCP), which is the politic, economic and cultural cen...