Shimin Liu

• PhD.
• Professor at Yanshan University

Numerous sources have already demonstrated that varying annealing rates can result in distinct toughness and brittleness in glass. To determine the underlying mechanisms driving this phenomenon, molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were employed to investigate the microstructure of aluminosilicate glasses under different cooling rates, and then uniax...

In order to reveal the dynamic response characteristic of thin film thermocouples (TFTCs), the nichrome/nisil (NiCr/NiSi) TFTCs are prepared onto the glass substrate. With short pulse infrared laser system, NiCr/NiSi TFTCs are dynamically calibrated. The thermoelectric electromotive force (TEF) curves of NiCr/NiSi TFTCs are recorded by the memory h...

The structural parameters, magnetic property and electronic structure of K0.875+a Fe1.5+b Se2 have been studied by first principles calculations. An increase of K or Fe content leads to the evolution of the magnetic property and electronic structure of K0.875Fe1.5Se2. The introduction of extra K brings a slight rigid shift of the minority states, w...

Rare earth-doped oxyfluoride glass-ceramic (GC) demonstrate the physical, chemical, and mechanical stabilities of oxide glass and excellent optical properties of fluoride crystals and is regarded as a potential material for developing advanced optical devices. In the present study, Li+-doped NaYF4:Er,Yb GC was prepared by the traditional melt-quenc...

By controlling the thickness of NiCr and NiSi films, a series of NiCr/NiSi thin film thermocouples (TFTCs) were prepared by the sputtering technique. With the standard static calibration procedure for wire thermocouple, the temperature difference mainly happened between NiCr/NiSi compensation wires, but not between pad and hot junction of NiCr/NiSi...

Realizing high-sensitivity, accurate non-contact cryogenic optical thermometry based on upconversion (UC) luminescence holds significant application value in numerous advanced technology fields. Here, we report a novel temperature sensing strategy using...

The absence of suitable composition unit model hampered the exploration of composition origin of garnet-type solid inorganic electrolytes (G-SIE), which further hindered the development all solid-state lithium ion (Li⁺) cells. In this report, the cluster-plus-glue-atom (CPGA) model was used to explore the chemical composition origin of G-SIE, as we...

High entropy oxides (HEOs) are an emerging material and widely investigated due to their unique high entropy effect. Since the first report on rocksalt structure HEOs in 2015, a variety of HEOs have been synthesized successively. Previously, we found Mg28Co17Ni19Cu16Zn16O96 possessed higher single-phase formation ability and better thermal stabilit...

High entropy oxides (HEOs) are characterized by a single-phase in which multiple cations are responsible for elevating the endothermicity and stability of the system. However, it is still difficult to predict the single-phase structure of high entropy oxides as designed from the crystal structure of single cationic oxide or valence state and geomet...

A kind of float glass spot defect, characterized by small size, metallic luster, and difficult to clean, adheres only to the lower surface (contacts with molten tin) of the float glass ribbon. This defect causes serious production loss. Therefore, determining the precise source of this spot defect and the effective prevention of its occurrence is v...

Accurate simulation and measurement of the residual stress are pressing needs in ultrathin glass (UTG) industrial stable production. Herein, the heat transfer in an annealing lehr and the residual stresses at different positions along the width of the UTG ribbon were simulated by the finite element method and measured via the Vickers indentation. T...

The magnetic properties and electronic structures of KFe2Se2 under pressure were studied by first principles calculations. Five different states of KFe2Se2 were considered, and the ground state of collinear antiferromagnetic state was determined. The calculated results showed when the pressure was increased to 0.36 GPa, the connection between Fe at...

High entropy oxides have gained significant interest over the years due to their unique structural characteristics and correlated possibilities for control of functional properties. However, it is hard to forecast their properties and crystal structures due to the enormous inherent complexity and large number of potential combinations that characte...

The characteristics of structural changes, Fe magnetic moment and electron density of K, Ni and P-doped AFe2As2 (A = Ba, Sr) were studied by first-principles calculations. After the introduction of the dopants, the Fe–As bond length and As–Fe–As angle became smaller. Although K substitution involved hole doping, Ni substitution involved electron do...

Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation method under calcination temperatures between 200 °C and 400 °C with different Fe doping concentration from 0 to 1.8 at.%. The crystal structure, morphology, optical properties, energy band gap (Eg) and photocatalytic performance of synthesized nanoparticles were calculated and charact...

High entropy oxides (HEOs) are an emerging material system that is rapidly becoming a worldwide research hotspot due to the excellent properties which are caused by unique high entropy effect. However, it is hard to forecast their crystal structures and properties due to the enormous inherent composition complexity and potential phase separation ma...

High entropy oxides (HEOs) are an emerging material that is rapidly becoming a worldwide research hotspot due to its unique properties. The concept of HEOs was proposed based on the increased configuration entropy (Sconf). However, in a single-phase oxide with large Sconf, there is reversible transition from multi-phase to single-phase at low calci...

All-optical logic gates operations are highly desired for optical communications and data processing because of the high computing speed, low power consumption, and parallel processing. Here, we develop a combinational upconversion (UC) all-optical logic system based on glass-ceramic (GC) material, which uses two external near-infrared excitation s...

SiO2 insulation film was rapidly prepared by the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) technology, which could be applied to the substrate with large size and/or complex surface morphology. Si and O sources were the hexamethyldisiloxane and nature air, respectively. The optical emission spectrum results revealed that Si⁺, Si, and O were the main s...

The chemical composition proportion of solid solution alloys in thermocouples (TCs) field is preliminarily explored by the cluster-plus-glue-atom (CPGA) model. CPGA clusters for face-centered cubic (fcc) and body-centered cubic (bcc) structure elemental metal are established, which are the cubic octahedron and rhombic dodecahedron respectively. Wit...

TiO2 can mainly absorb ultraviolet light (UV) and thus the strong light irradiation of photocatalyst is highly needed to obtain efficient charge carrier (electrons and holes) production for subsequent reactions. In this paper, Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles with high Ag dispersibility were prepared by different Ag contents (0–6 at. %) and calcination temper...

Electronic structure and structural stability of (Ba0.75Ae0.25)Fe2As2 (Ae = Li, Na and Rb) have been studied by first principles calculations. After the introduction of Ae atoms, the magnetic moment was reduced. The Ae atoms doping increased the number of carriers in BaFe2As2 and caused the movement of the Fermi level, which led to the reconstructi...

Aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a facile and environment friendly ethanol-assisted coprecipitation method. The other two coprecipitation methods were studied to obtain AZO nanoparticles using the same granular Zn but different processes (i) homogeneous coprecipitation and (ii) seed-induced coprecipitation si...

W-doped Nb 2 O 5 /MXene nanocomposites are prepared via a facile method. • MXene and W doping improve the electrical conductivity of Nb 2 O 5 electrode. • The optimized electrode delivers 108.6 mAh g − 1 at 1 A g − 1 at − 20 • C. • Nb 2 O 5 /MXene anode retains 96.3% of capacity after 500 cycles at − 20 • C. A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords: Li-ion b...

Pure and Sn/Fe co-doped (0.2 at.% Sn and 0.6 at.% Fe, 0.6 at.% Sn and 0.2 at.% Fe, 1.0 at.% Sn and 1.0 at.% Fe) TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol-gel method and subsequently calcined at different temperatures. Furthermore, the particles were analyzed by TG-DSC, XRD, TEM, HRTEM, EDS, SAED and UV–Vis for investigating the influences of do...

First-principle theory was used to design NaGdF4:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ crystal, where the density of state, X-ray diffraction and optical coefficient had been studied through a generalised gradient approximation within density functional theory to predicate the effect of rare earth ion doping on the electronic and optical performance. Besides, NaGdF4:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺...

A complex UC logic system using 1470 and 1550 nm dual‐wavelength as triggering signals has been developed to implement multilevel logic operations. Gd2(MoO4)3:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ upconversion luminescence material can achieve significantly emission enhancement upon simultaneous excitation of 1470 and 1550 nm dual‐wavelength due to the synergistic effect of t...

The rational development of multicolor upconversion (UC) luminescent is particularly promising for achieving high-tech anti-counterfeiting and security applications. Here, the Ho3+ and Yb3+ ions co-doped KLa(MoO4)2 material can achieve multicolor UC luminescence by thermally manipulating the electron transition process, which could be developed to...

Realizing multicolor emissions of upconversion (UC) luminescence materials is of significant importance for information security and anticounterfeiting fields. Herein, a strategy is reported to achieve UC multicolor luminescence through manipulating the electronic transition process under dual‐wavelength excitation. The novel color can be produced...

TiO2 films were deposited by DC pulsed magnetron sputtering with different sputtering power density (SPD). Then, as-deposited TiO2 films were annealed at 600 °C and the anatase TiO2 films were obtained. XPS results showed Ti/O atom ratio was kept at 1/(1.94 ± 0.04) for all as-deposited and annealed TiO2 films. XRD results showed that the annealed T...

Previous studies on the preparation of ZnSnO3 under normal pressure and non-epitaxy conditions are ambiguous and contradictory. Therefore, the phase evolution in preparing ZnSnO3 powder with different calcination temperatures was systematically studied by precipitation method under normal pressure in the present work. The phase of the samples was c...

The float glass contains various defects for reasons of raw materials and production process. These defects can be observed on the end images of the glass. Since the defects are correlated with specific links of the production process, it is possible to discover the process problems by identifying the location and type of defects in end images. Bas...

0.3 wt% Fe doped TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by the modified sol-gel method using tetra-butyl titanate, HNO3, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, absolute ethanol and additives, namely F-127 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (K-30) as raw materials, respectively. The samples were characterized by TG-DTA, XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, EDS and BET to explore the ef...

Bubbling has been a constant feature in the float glass furnace since the inception of this melting technology. Although bubbling can enhance glass quality, economize energy consumption, and stabilise the production process, the quality of products from some float glass production lines after using bubbling are worse than when they are not used. Th...

The sol–gel method based on the rapid pyrolysis process was adopted to prepare Ni1−x Cux O (x = 0–0.1) films on glass substrates. The effects of Cu doping on the structural, morphological, electrical and optical properties of the films were characterised by X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, Hall effect instrument and ultraviolet‐v...

Complex logic systems using external excitation sources (1550 nm and 1064 nm lasers) as stimulus inputs and upconversion (UC) emission intensities as the optical outputs signals have been developed by taking advantage of the unique two-wavelength excitation effects. The Er3+ doped β-NaYF4 material that can achieve the emission enhancement via simul...

Al doped ZnO (AZO) nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a novel sol-gel combustion method using Zn, Al(NO3)3·9H2O, HNO3, C6H8O7·H2O, CH4N2O as raw materials. The effects of Al doping concentration, pH value and calcination temperature on the thermal effect, crystal structure, morphology, composition and sintering activity of AZO nanoparticle...

For float glass, there is a correlation between the striae in end image and the manufacturing process. If clearly understood, the correlation helps to optimize and fine-tune the manufacturing process of float glass. This paper attempts to extract the striae from the end image of float glass with deep learning (DL) neural network (NN). For this purp...

Controlling the spectral regulation properties of upconverting (UC) materials by external stimuli, especially excitation power, is a convenient method that is essential for a variety of studies. Here, we report a Pr3+ ion single-doped material that can perform spectral regulation by manipulating excitation power density due to its unique multiphoto...

Abstract: As a translucent functional material, the homogeneity of glass is one of its important properties. The prerequisite for glass as an uniform transparent material is to obtain fully homogenized molten glass in the melting stage. In this work, the flow path of the production molten glass that will become glass products under stirring was sim...

It is very important to explore novel anode materials alternative to graphite considering its poor safety and rate performance working at low temperature in lithium ion batteries. Li4Ti5O12, as a promising anode material with high safety, has poor electronic conductivity and low specific capacity, thus limiting its electrochemical performance at lo...

N, Fe single doped and co-doped anatase TiO2 nanoparticles were successfully prepared by coprecipitation method using TiCl4, NH4OH, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as raw materials and polyvinyl alcohol as dispersant. The samples were characterized by TG-DSC, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDS, XPS, and UV–Vis to investigate the influence of doping concentration on the thermal e...

The densities of state and optical properties of matrix materials were studied with the help of first-principles calculations. It is found that the absorption and reflectance of the NaGdF4 system in the infrared region were comparatively low. Such low values were beneficial to the reduction of the loss of excitation light. Furthermore, Er³⁺ and Yb³...

In this report, a novel strategy by using the N, P co-doped mesoporous carbon structure as catalyst support to enhance the electrochemical catalytic activity of Pt-based catalysts is proposed. The as-synthesized PtCox@N, P-doped mesoporous carbon nanocomposties have been studied as an anode catalyst toward methanol oxidation, exhibiting greatly imp...

It is crucial to develop low cost, highly efficient catalysts for oxygen evolution and methanol oxidation to replace precious metal catalysts. Herein, a novel strategy for preparation of exfoliated carbon nanostructures (CNS)/metal layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites is developed via a facile electrochemical deposition. The as-prepared Ni...

The spout lip is a key component in the float glass forming process. The shape, size, and installation location of the spout lip significantly affects the quality of float glass products. The ANSYS Fluent 14.0 software was used to simulate the flow of molten glass in the entry end of a 600 t/d tin bath. The vertical distance between the spout lip a...

The composite of a nanocrystalline SnO2 thick film deposited on an Al-doped ZnO ceramic substrate was firstly proposed. This study also provided a simple, fast and cost effective method to prepare SnO2 thick film and Al-doped ZnO ceramic as well as the final composite. The crystal structure, morphology, composition, pore size distribution and gas s...

Herein, we report MoS2 nanosheets promoted PtCu/graphene catalyst as a highly active, anti-poisoning and low-Pt loading catalyst toward methanol oxidation. The electrochemical results have demonstrated that as prepared materials have exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward methanol oxidation as well as good anti-poisoning ability.

SnO2 nanoparticles were prepared by a novel HNO3-ethanol assisted precipitation method. The crystalline size of SnO2 nanoparticles was controlled based on aqueous solution by varying the molar ratio of HNO3 and ethanol within the range 0–0.12:0.06–0.18. The obtained SnO2 nanoparticles were characterized by TG-DSC, FTIR, XRD, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, EDS,...

Anatase TiO2 films with different level of (0 0 1) preferred orientation were implanted by N ion beam and N doped TiO2 films were obtained. XPS results showed N was about 7.86 ± 0.65 at.% for all N doped TiO2 films, which was chemically bonded as Ti-N and O-N bonds. The ratio of Ti-N/O-N was about 0.81 and 1.56 for N doped TiO2 film with and withou...

The key issue for TiO2 as anode in Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is to improve the electronic conductivity and ionic diffusion ability, which hindered its rate performance and practical application in LIBs. Herein, we design a novel strategy using incompletely oxidized TiC as precursor to prepare carbon doped TiO2 multiple phase nanocomposites to im...

Antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation by packing drying and traditional direct drying (for comparison) methods. The as-prepared ATO nanoparticles were characterized by TG, XRD, EDS, TEM, HRTEM, BET, bulk density and electrical resistivity measurements. Results indicated that the ATO nanoparticles obtained by...

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) film was deposited by the direct current pulse magnetron sputtering technique. Then the surface of TiO2 film was implanted by the N ion beam at room temperature. Through this way, N-doped TiO2 (N–TiO2) film was obtained and the band gap of N–TiO2 film was decreased to 2.97 eV. XPS result revealed that N ion was doped into Ti...

This study examines a float glass furnace model with an asymmetric lateral temperature distribution and a variable temperature difference at the botom of the working chamber using the FLOTRAN module of the ANSYS software package. Temperature fluctuations induced by the local density gradient fluctuations result in the redistribution of the main par...

In melting float glass, the presence of iron ions in the raw material cannot be avoided. The iron ions can be used as glass colourants and infrared light absorbers. However, when the iron content of the float glass liquid changes, the heat permeability of the glass will be significantly affected and this affects the entire glass fluid flow. Therefo...

N-doped TiO 2 nanotubes have been prepared as additives to improve the catalytic capability of Pt/graphene composites in methanol oxidation reactions. Electrochemical experiments show that the catalytic performance of Pt/graphene composites has been greatly improved by the introduction of N-doped TiO 2 nanotubes.

Viscous molten glass with a high temperature flows into a tin bath through a complicated three-phase flow during the production of glass. It is very important to understand the characteristics of evolution for optimizing float-glass design as well as preparing high-quality flat glass. A three-phase flow system containing molten glass, molten tin un...

Antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles were prepared by wet chemical coprecipitation method with different contents of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dispersant. The prepared ATO nanoparticles have been characterized by means of XRD, SEM, HRTEM, SAED, EDS, bulk density and electrical resistivity measurement. Results indicated that the approach funct...

Micro α-Sb2O4 crystals have been successfully prepared using wet chemical precipitation method. The influence of calcination temperature on the structure, morphology and composition of samples was investigated by means of thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy...

At room temperature, titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were deposited by the direct current pulse magnetron sputtering technique. Varying O2/Ar flow ratio, TiO2 films with different nanocrystalline structures were obtained. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy results show that with O2/Ar = 6/14, the nanocrystalline in rutile phase appe...

Cholesteryl trimeric phenylene vinylene (Chol-TPV) has been synthesized and characterized. The self-assembly behaviors of Chol-TPV in THF/H2O system at different water content (water content: 40% and 80%) and different solute concentration (solute concentration: 1.0 × 10−5 mol/L and saturated concentration) were studied using UV–vis spectrophotomet...

Two all-electric melting furnaces, 15t/d and 36t/d, were simulated and analyzed with the ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 software add-on MHD module. The electric power density distribution, temperature distribution, and velocity field in the glass furnaces of these two models were analyzed. Electric power density and temperature are found to increase initially a...

Based on an analysis of the 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV–vis spectra, a chiral trimeric phenylene vinylene derivative (ChTPV) synthesized by a Wittig reaction was determined to have a trans–cis configuration, and it could be isomerized to the trans–trans isomer when treated with iodine. The melting point of ChTPV with a trans–trans configuration increased by...

Silica (SiO2)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) coating was prepared using sol-gel method and the influence of the coatings on the strength of glass was investigated. The SiO2/PMMA coatings were obtained from sols synthesized by tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570). The float g...

Sb-doped SnO2 (ATO) films were successfully prepared by the spin-coating method starting from colloidal suspensions of ATO nanocrystalline particles. The structural, surface morphological, electrical and optical properties of the films were studied as a function of Sb-doping concentration ranging from 0 to 20% (Sb/(Sb + Sn)). The results indicated...

The structural, electronic and optical properties of a tantalum doped rutile-phased stannic oxide were investigated by ab initio calculations. The Ta dopant doesn’t change the lattice symmetry of rutile phase, but brings about a smaller volume expansion comparing with Sb:SnO2, a increase in thermal stability, a semiconductor-metal transition in ele...

Detailed ab initio density-functional calculations were carried out on the effect of lattice and internal relaxation of ZnO thin film under in-plane strain. It was found that the classical elastic deformation behaves under a restricted joint mechanism including lattice relaxation and internal relaxation. The internal relaxation works to enhance the...

Simulations of the fluid dynamics of daily quantity of outflow from different locations (flowing cycles) in a float glass furnace were performed using a FLOTRAN module in ANSYS software. Simulation results were compared with experimental data obtained from side stripe images of the produced glass ribbon. Results showed that, with increased daily me...

Fluid dynamic simulations within a float glass furnace model with a variable siege height were performed by using the FLOTRAN module within an ANSYS software package. Steady circulatory patterns of glass fluid are established and identified in various regions of the furnace, and corresponding daily flow rates within the furnace were calculated. By...

Detailed theoretical investigations on the structural, electronic and optical properties of p-type conducting In:SnO2 have been conducted by first principle calculations. Analysis on the thermal stability via standard enthalpy of formation calculations shows that In:SnO2 remains stable at very high In concentration, although the lattice constant ex...

The simulations of fluid dynamics in a float glass furnace are performed by using the FLOTRAN module of ANSYS software. The velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, and density distribution of the fluids are determined. Three flowing cycle modes of the fluids are revealed, and this accounts for the heterogeneity in the glasses solidified from the fluids...

It is important to develop a new grinding technique with higher efficiency for hard and brittle materials. As a requirement of optical transmission, the electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) is used to manufacture high quality silica glass with ultra-precision. This technology has many virtues, such as high efficiency and high precision. Atomic f...

Ion-beam deposition of tourmaline on glass substrate was investigated. X-ray fluorescence has been used to characterize surface composition of glass before and after deposition. The surface morphologies of glass were investigated by atomic force microscope. The crystallographic properties of the prepared films were evaluated by X-ray diffraction. F...

The effects of sulfur dioxide gas used in the float line was investigated. Sulfur dioxide gas is injected at the transitional roll desk directly toward the under surface of the float-glass at temperatures of 550-660°C. The ion-exchange occurs between the under surface of the float-glass and the liquid tin. The alkali oxide tends to react with water...