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Introduction
Shigeru Tachibana is currently working on the R&D of the low-NOx aero-engine combustor technologies as a function manager of the JAXA's En-Core project. His research interests include the low-emissions combustor technologies and the issues related to combustion instabilities, turbulent premixed flames and optical measurements of combustion flows.
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Publications
Publications (69)
In this experimental study, the combined effect of spatial and temporal variations of fuel–air mixture on self-excited combustion instabilities in a gas-turbine model combustor (∼60 kW) with a low-swirl injector is reported. Detailed measurements were performed in 4 fuel split (to upstream/downstream injections) conditions while keeping the total e...
The feasibility of applying the large-eddy simulation (LES) of spray combustion to the investigation of the thermo-acoustic instability mechanisms in practical aero-engine combustors was examined, employing experimental data obtained from optical measurements. Single sector combustion tests using a staged fuel injector were conducted at the JAXA hi...
An active control of combustion driven oscillations occurring in a lean premixed model combustor is demonstrated by means of a secondary fuel injection. An unstable condition, which leads to self-excited pressure oscillations beyond 170 dB, is chosen as control target. Keeping the inlet air temperature, the air mass flow rate and the overall equiva...
This paper is the first in a series that presents a combined computational and experimental study to investigate and characterize the structure of premixed turbulent low swirl laboratory flames. The simulations discussed here are based on an adaptive solution of the low Mach number equations for turbulent reacting flow, and incorporate detailed mod...
We characterize complexities in combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine model combustor by nonlinear time series analysis to evaluate permutation entropy, fractal dimensions, and short-term predictability. The dynamic behavior in combustion instability near lean blowout exhibits a self-affine structure and is ascribed to fractional Br...
Large-eddy simulation (LES) of a lean-premixed hydrogen turbulent jet flame with combustion instability (CI) in a low-swirl combustor (LSC) is performed by employing a dynamically thickened flame model with a detailed chemical reaction model with 9 chemical species and 20 reactions, and the LES validity and the CI characteristics are investigated i...
A hybrid Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)/Computational Aero-Acoustics (CAA) approach, in which Large-eddy Simulation (LES) and APE-RF (solution of the Acoustic Perturbation Equations for Reacting Flows) are employed for the CFD and CAA, respectively, calling it the hybrid LES/APE-RF approach, is used to analyze the influence of a wall on the com...
An open lean-premixed hydrogen/air low-swirl (LPHALS) turbulent flame exhibiting a pronounced peak in its combustion noise spectra, is investigated numerically using a hybrid Computational Fluid Dynamics/Computational Aero-Acoustics (CFD/CAA) framework. Under this framework, the reacting flow-field of the flame is computed via Large-Eddy Simulation...
This experimental study elucidates the unsteady dynamics of flame-flow interactions during unique thermoacoustic instability (TI) and the transition mechanism from stable combustion to TI for lean-premixed hydrogen turbulent jet flames in a low-swirl combustor (LSC), where a swirler assembly consists of an unswirled central region (CR) and an annul...
This paper presents a phenomenological investigation of a new pattern of lean-premixed hydrogen-flame and flowfield dynamics under thermoacoustic instabilities (TIs) observed inside a low-swirl combustor (LSC) with two combustion chamber lengths of 300 and 500 mm. In this study, the initial bulk inlet velocity was set to Vm=15 m/s. The fuel flow ra...
We experimentally study the dynamic behavior of intermittent combustion oscillations by time series analysis in terms of nonlinear forecasting, symbolic dynamics, and statistical complexity, including the detection of the change in dynamical state based on symbolic dynamics and graph networks. We observe sudden switching back and forth between irre...
The unsteady flame dynamics and pressure fluctuations of a low-swirl combustor during a transient process from stable to unstable operation are experimentally investigated. Lean-premixed CH4- and H2-air jet flames with combustor lengths of 300 and 500 mm are investigated using simultaneous 10-kHz OH* chemiluminescence imaging and 200-kHz pressure f...
We present a detailed study on the dynamic behavior of pressure fluctuations in degenerated combustion instability [Gotoda et al. Phys. Rev. E 92 (2015) 052906] in a lean premixed gas-turbine model combustor in terms of symbolic dynamics, statistical complexity, complex networks, and nonlinear forecasting. The permutation spectrum test enables us t...
Hydrogen-air turbulent lean premixed flames in a low swirl burner are investigated to explore the effect of flame structures on spectral characteristics of direct combustion noise using simultaneous 10 kHz OH-PLIF and sound pressure measurements, as well as PIV-only measurements. The bulk velocities of premixed hydrogen-air mixture at the burner ex...
A low-swirl burner operating in premixed mode with methane and air is studied using high-speed acetone and OH-PLIF and advanced post-processing methods. In a transient operating point where the equivalence ratio is slowly increased while keeping the bulk velocity constant, a thermo-acoustic instability is found to grow and generate large pressure f...
We have intensively studied the dynamic behavior of combustion instability in a cylindrical combustor with an off-center installed coaxial injector. The most interesting discovery in this study is the appearance of a deterministic chaos in a transition from a dynamically stable state to well-developed high-frequency thermoacoustic combustion oscill...
A staged injector developed by JAXA and fueled with kerosene is studied in a highpressure combustion experiment. With a stable pilot fuel flow rate, the fuel flow rate in the main stage is progressively increased. A high-speed OH-planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) system is used to record the flame motion at 10,000 fps. In the beginning of th...
We conduct an experimental study using time series analysis based on symbolic dynamics to detect a precursor of frequency-mode-shift during thermoacoustic combustion oscillations in a staged aircraft engine model combustor. With increasing amount of the main fuel, a significant shift in the dominant frequency-mode occurs in noisy periodic dynamics,...
A staged injector developed by JAXA and fueled with kerosene is studied in a high-pressure combustion experiment. With a stable pilot fuel flow rate, the fuel flow rate in the main stage is progressively increased. A high-speed OH-PLIF system is used to record the flame motion at 10,000 fps. In the beginning of the recording, POD modes shows that t...
We present an experimental study on the nonlinear dynamics of combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine model combustor with a swirl-stabilized turbulent flame. Intermittent combustion oscillations switching irregularly back and forth between burst and pseudo-periodic oscillations exhibit the deterministic nature of chaos. This is clear...
We present an experimental study on nonlinear dynamics of combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine model combustor with a swirl-stabilized turbulent flame. Intermittent combustion oscillations switching irregularly back and forth between a burst and pseudo-periodic oscillations exhibit the deterministic nature of chaos. This is clearly...
Large-eddy simulation is performed to simulate high-frequency combustion instability in a single-element atmospheric combustor. Simulations are conducted for corresponding combustion-instability experiments, and the selfexcited combustion instability is successfully captured. The first tangential mode of the combustion chamber is excited in the lar...
We present a detailed study on the characterization of the degeneration process in combustion instability based on dynamical systems theory. We deal with combustion instability in a lean premixed-type gas-turbine model combustor, one of the fundamentally and practically important combustion systems. The dynamic behavior of combustion instability in...
Combustion instability has become the primary technical challenge in the development of low-emission combustors for aero and land-based gas-turbine engines, since it has the capacity to cause catastrophic damage to the combustion chamber and other engine components. Despite a great deal of research regarding this issue over the past several decades...
We have adopted the concept of dynamical system theory to detect thermoacoustic combustion oscillations in a staging fuel combustor. Permutation entropy, which represents the degree of randomness estimated for a sequence in rank order patterns in the values of time series data, can capture the notable change in combustion dynamics by the onset of t...
We propose a novel online method of detecting lean blowout (LBO) in a laboratory-scale premixed-type gas-turbine model combustor from the viewpoint of dynamical system theory that enables us to quantify the complexity in combustion instability. The multiscale entropy method and nonlinear forecasting method, which have not been previously adopted fo...
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.89.039901
We propose an online method of detecting combustion instability based on the concept of dynamical system theory, including the characterization of the dynamic behavior of combustion instability. As an important case study relevant to combustion instability encountered in fundamental and practical combustion systems, we deal with the combustion dyna...
Three dimensional numerical simulation with detailed chemistry on gaseous hydrogen / gaseous oxygen diluted by nitrogen jet flame through a single shear coaxial injector under atmospheric pressure was performed. The simulation has been aimed for understanding the complex behavior of flame which has been observed in the experiment by Yoshida et. al....
Acoustic damping of a cylindrical chamber with open and closed ends in resonant modes is analytically and numerically investigated to understand the low damping characteristic of the chamber without chocked nozzle. First, on the basis of the analytic solution of resonant acoustic modes inside a cylinder, the damping by radiation from the open end i...
A detection method of lean blowout in a laboratory-scale premixed gas-turbine
model combustor has been proposed from a view point of nonlinear dynamics.
The translation error, which quantifies the degree of the parallelism of
trajectories in the phase space constructed from the time-series data of the
combustion-chamber pressure fluctuations, is us...
In this study, potentials of the liquid-fueled low-swirl burner technique for industrial gas-turbine combustor application are reported for the first time. A low-swirl fuel nozzle, which is a new implementation of the basic low-swirl burner design, is configured by the velocity measurement of methane–air open flames under atmospheric pressure and a...
This paper proposes a method to sort experimental snapshots of a periodic flow using information from the first three POD
coefficients. Even in presence of turbulence, phase-average flow fields are reconstructed with this novel technique. The main
objective is to identify and track traveling coherent structures in these pseudo periodic flows. This...
Intense tangential pressure oscillations due to oscillatory combustion are generated experimentally inside a cylindrical chamber and are analyzed to understand their characteristic features. To generate the tangential mode, a coaxial injector is installed offcenter on the closed side of the chamber. Hydrogen and nitrogen-diluted oxygen are used as...
The radial basis function network based on complex network theory has been applied in this study to predict the time variation in pressure fluctuations generated by combustion instability in a lean premixed gas turbine combustor. The predicted pressure fluctuations for equivalence ratio φ=0.44 partially corresponds to the measured pressure fluctuat...
We experimentally investigate the dynamic behavior of the combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine combustor from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics. A nonlinear time series analysis in combination with a surrogate data method clearly reveals that as the equivalence ratio increases, the dynamic behavior of the combustion instability u...
Acoustic damping of a cylindrical chamber with open and closed ends is analytically and numerically investigated. In the analysis, based on the analytic solution of resonant acoustic modes inside cylinder, the damping from the open end is calculated by a simple acoustic source modeling for velocity fluctuation. The effect of viscosity is also consi...
Dynamic features of a freely propagating turbulent premixed flame under global stretch rate oscillations were investigated by utilizing a jet-type low-swirl burner equipped with a high-speed valve on the swirl jet line. The bulk flow velocity, equivalence ratio and the nominal mean swirl number were 5 m/s, 0.80 and 1.23, respectively. Seven velocit...
Dynamic properties of combustion oscillations in a lean premixed gas turbine combustor have been experimentally investigated from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics based on chaos theory. As equivalence ratio φ increases from 0.45 to 0.50, the dynamic behavior of combustion oscillations undergoes a significant transition from low-dimensional chaos...
One strategy for reducing US dependence on petroleum is to develop new combustion technologies for burning the fuel-lean mixtures of hydrogen or hydrogen-rich syngas fuels obtained from the gasification of coal and biomass. Fuel-flexible combustion systems based on lean premixed combustion have the potential for dramatically reducing pollutant emis...
Equivalence ratios measured with a laser induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS, also referred as LIBS) are reported in two different setups. First, a small premixed turbulent burner is used to address fundamental issues concerning the LIPS technique. It is shown that hydrogen excitation within the created plasma is the key parameter to measure in order...
Active control of combustion oscillations occurring in a methane-air lean premixed model combustor is accomplished by the method of secondary fuel injection. The main flame is sustained by an axial vane swirler. The central part of the swirler is endowed a function as the secondary fuel injector. The fuel jets from the injector enhance the flame st...
The aim of this research is to design a bi-plane active grid to enhance turbulent flow downstream of a low- swirl burner. The active grid is a variation of the original form devised by Makita in 1991. First, adequate ranges for experimental parameters are sought using non-reacting flow. While turbulent intensity is of major interest, homogeneity, i...
In this paper, flow fields inside a premixed combustor have been investigated by CFD analysis and PIV measurement in a preheating, non-reacting condition. Four types of premixer are examined. The design of the premixer is determined by the combination of swirlers and mixing tubes. There are two variations of triple-concentric swirlers and three var...
Natural modes of combustion oscillation of a methane-air lean premixed combustor were investigated and open/closed loop controls were carried out by means of secondary fuel injections. The premixed flame was sustained by an axial vane swirler. Central part of the swirler was endowed a function as a secondary fuel injection nozzle. From the mode ana...
The purpose of this article is to describe two sensors readily available for active control of combustion and to show their different possibilities. The first one concerns the chemiluminescence measurements, both spectrally and temporally resolved. It is shown that the adjunction of secondary fuel injection leads to an increase in the relative C2*...
The purpose of this work is to develop effective active control means for wide-range stable premixed combustors. We are developing a demonstration combustor system which consists of a target combustor, sensors, actuators and controllers by accumulating the knowledge from the results of fundamental studies among the combustion groups of this project...
This paper presents a direct numerical simulation (DNS) study of the flame structure of a turbulenthydrogen jet lifted flame. The diameter of the hydrogen injector is 2 mm, and the injection velocity is 680 m/s. The time-dependent three-dimensional simulation was made with full chemical kinetics and rigorous transport properties. More than 22 milli...
The structure and stabilizing mechanism of a subsonic hydrogen/air jet lifted flame are numerically investigated using DNS. The lifted flame consists of an inner premixed flame and outer diffusion flames. The flame base is premixed, which sustains the vigorously turbulent inner premixed flame. The outer diffusion flame consist of several island fla...
It is known that Mie scattering images from the tracer particles for PIV measurements on combustion field show changes in number density of particles from unburnt to burnt regions due to gas thermal expansion. Hence, there is a possibility to determine flame front boundary from the Mie scattering images. The purpose of this paper is to establish th...
Résumé : Afin de réduire les émissions toxiques des turbines à gaz, la combustion prémélangée offre une solution attractive. Néanmoins, en pratique, la qualité du mélange peut-être délicate à assurer et il faut recourir à des techniques capables d'effectuer des mesures locales et instantaneés du rapport entre carburant et oxydant. Afin de fournir d...
Toward the numerical simulation of the total system of turbulent combustion control, fundamental studies on diffusion/premixed flames are conducted. In the diffusion flame simulation, the effect of swirled jet on the hydrogen/air jet diffusion flame is investigated and it is shown that the lift-off height decreases by the swirl effect. For premixed...
A new type flameholder was designed aiming low NOx emission from gas turbines. It has conical shape with slits. The flameholder and a conventional swirl type one are tested experimentally. Each of them has a pilot flame. Methane is used as fuel. The result shows that the conical flameholder enables high combustion efficiency in leaner conditions as...
This paper describes the development of a feedback active combustion control (ACC) system. The system targets at a suppression of combustion oscillation in a lean premixed combustor. As a control method, the system uses the secondary fuel injection. The mixed H2/H∞ controller is applied to the ACC system. The controller has both robustness using a...
The purpose of this research is to establish the validity of using chemiluminescence as sensor in an active control combustion loop. The main objective is to evaluate which are the required conditions in terms of equivalence ratio, integration time and fluid motion to get a reliable equivalence ratio measurement using chemiluminescence emission. Me...
Unstable combustion phenomena in a swirl type combustor were measured. OH chemiluminous intensity distributions were measured by using an ICCD camera with optical filters. Velocity distributions were measured by using a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. The results offer several guidelines for designing the lean premixed combustor. A new typ...
To evaluate CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) programs, database with high accuracy is needed. Especially, there are few precedents with inlet conditions, which have quite a little influence on the result. Therefore we started detailed measurements on the flow field with a bluff-body by using PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and LDV (Laser Doppler...
The purpose of this article is to evaluate the chemiluminescence advantages in an active control strategy for lean premixed low NOx gas turbines. Measuring simultaneously three different wavelengths (OH*, CH* and background emission) gives an estimation of the actual stoichiometry within the combustor. The typical temporal resolution remains limite...
A hydrogen lifted flame is numerically analyzed by DNS approach. The investigations are mainly focused on its structure and stabilization mechanism. The diameter of hy-drogen injector is 2mm and the injection velocity is 680 m/sec. The time dependent 3-D simulation was made with a full chemical kinetics and rigorous transport proper-ties. The numer...