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Publications (48)
Background: Knowledge and understanding of the patterns of population structure and diversity are crucial for the sustainable development of outstanding products in any breeding programme. A study was conducted to assess the genetic distances, infer population structure and identify the best putative hybrid combinations of newly developed 376 maize...
Forty nine cotton genotypes were evaluated at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria during 2013 cropping season. The experimental design used was 7×7 lattice design with three replications. Plant data recorded on twelve characters were subjected to analysis of variance and Rank summation index. Analysis of variance revealed highly signifi...
Identification of ideal testing sites for selection of superior maize (Zea mays L.) germplam is vital to the success of a maize breeding programme. Sixteen provitamin A maize genotypes were evaluated at seven locations in savanna agro-ecologies of Nigeria for 3 yr to assess the representativeness, discriminating ability, and repeatability of the te...
Forty nine cotton genotypes were evaluated at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna Zone of Nigeria during 2013 cropping season. The experimental design used was 7×7 lattice design with three replications. Cluster analysis grouped 49 cotton genotypes into five major clusters with (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4 and PC5) having Eigen values greater than one accounted...
The research was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research farms located at Samaru (11 o 11'N; 07 o 38'E) and Kadawa (11 o 39'N; 08 o 02'E) under non-stress and water stress conditions. The objectives were to determine traits affecting grain yield in maize under non-stress, intermediate stress and severe water stress conditions and to es...
Parasitic witch weed Striga hermonthica infestation is one of the most serious obstacles to maize production by small holder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Infestation leads to substantial yield losses to the tune of more than 70%. The objectives of the study were to determine broad sense (h 2 b) and narrow sense heritability(h 2 n), Genotypic coef...
Maize ( Zea mays L.) grain yield is severely constrained by drought and this study was conducted to assess gains in grain yield and other traits of released maize cultivars. Twenty-three maize cultivars plus a check were evaluated under drought and well-watered conditions at Zaria and Kadawa during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 dry seasons. The 24 cultiv...
Field experiment was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research farm, Zaria using partially balance lattice design with three replications from July to October, 2014 rainy season to screen tomato genotypes for heat tolerance under heat stress and to select the best heat tolerant genotype(s) as genetic material for a breeding program in Gu...
Field experiments were conducted at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Bagauda in the Sudan Savannah and Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zones of Nigeria between July-October, 2014 rainy season to estimates heterosis for fruit yield and heat tolerance traits of tomato under field con...
Identification of outstanding maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids for target environments is complicated by genotype × environment interactions. Thirty‐two early‐maturity maize hybrids were evaluated at eight locations in Nigeria and six locations in Ghana for 2 yr to (i) identify high‐yielding, stable hybrids across locations and/or hybrids specifically a...
Marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) is a breeding method used to accumulate favorable alleles that for example confer tolerance to drought in inbred lines from several genomic regions within a single population. A bi-parental cross formed from two parents that combine resistance to Striga hermonthica with drought tolerance, which was improve...
Marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) is a breeding method used to accumulate favorable alleles that for example confer tolerance to drought in inbred lines from several genomic regions within a single population. A bi-parental cross formed from two parents that combine resistance to Striga hermonthica with drought tolerance, which was improve...
Genotype × environment interactions complicate selection of superior genotypes for narrow and wide adaptation. Eighteen tropically-Adapted maize cultivars were evaluated at six locations in Nigeria for 2 yrs to (i) identify superior and stable cultivars across environments and (ii) assess relationships among test environments. Environment and genot...
Fifteen F1crosses and six parents obtained from partial diallel crosses were evaluated during 2011 rainy season at Institute of Agricultural Research (IAR) Samaru, Zaria. (Northern Guinea Savanna 11 0 11'N, 7 0 38' E, 686m above sea level) Using two environments (Striga infested and free field) to study performance of parents and hybrids. Parents T...
Drought occurs at high frequency in maize production zones in Africa. Carefully controlled moisture deficits have been imposed at anthesis and grain filling stages of maize to develop drought tolerant germplasm. The present study was conducted to examine the potential effects of drought tolerant parents selected under such managed drought stress on...
Diallel analysis of agronomic and physiological traits was studied under Sudan Savannah conditions in tomato. The experiment was conducted at the research farm of the National Horticultural Research Institute, Bagauda Station, (11°33´N; 8°23´E). Two heat tolerant and four susceptible tomato genotypes were crossed in a half diallel mating design in...
Marker assisted recurrent selection (MARS) has been proposed as a breeding strategy to increase the frequency of favorable alleles that confer tolerance to drought in inbred lines derived from bi-parental crosses. Assessment of genetic gain in a bi-parental cross subjected to MARS is therefore important to determine the usefulness of this approach...
Identification of outstanding maize hybrids for target environments is complicated by genotype × environment interactions. Thirty-six early-maturing white-endosperm maize hybrids were evaluated at 14 locations in Nigeria and Ghana for 2 years. The objectives were to (i) identify superior and stable hybrids across environments, (ii) classify the tes...
Yellow maize contains high levels of β-carotene (βC), making it an important crop for combating vitamin A deficiency through biofortification. In this study, nine maize inbred lines were selected at random from 31 provitamin A (PVA) maize inbred lines and crossed in a partial diallel mating design to develop 36 crosses. The crosses were evaluated i...
Islamic University is a specialized and purposive institution that is brought to fruition after the first world conference on Muslim education of Mecca in order to respond to the devilling crisis inflicting the Muslim's education. The common philosophy of the Islamic institutions is the integration between the revealed and the rational sciences as...
Groundnut chlorotic rosette disease (GCRD) transmitted by the aphid, Aphis craccivora, is an important virus disease of groundnut in Africa. Breeding for host resistance remains the best strategy to minimize losses due to this disease. Nine cultivated groundnut genotypes with differential reaction to GCRD were crossed in an incomplete diallel matin...
Studies were carried out to estimate the extent of genetic variability in fifty six maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes (6 drought tolerant inbred lines, 7 other inbred lines, 42 crosses and a check) under non-stress and water stress at flowering. The genotypes were evaluated in 2012/2013 dry season across two locations, to obtain more information on the...
Combining ability, gene action and heterosis for grain yield and yield contributing traits were studied under drought stress at flowering in maize. The experiment was conducted at Institute for Agricultural Research farms, located at Samaru (11 o 11'N; 07 o 38'E) and Kadawa (11 o 39'N; 08 o 02'E) in Nigeria during the 2012/2013 dry season. Seven dr...
Combining ability and gene action for grain yield and other traits in maize were estimated under water stress and
non-stress conditions at the Institute for Agricultural Research farms located at Samaru (11o11'N; 07o38'E) and
Kadawa (11o39'N; 08o02'E) using North Carolina mating design II. Seven drought susceptible maize inbred lines
used as female...
Five onion cultivars Red Creole, Kaharda, Koumassa, Sokoto local and ori were selected on the basis of diverse genetic backgrounds with respect to resistance to Alternaria porri (Ellis.) Cif. The cultivars were crossed in a complete diallel, the 25 F1s generated and their parents were evaluated in replicated yield trials at Sokoto in Sokoto State a...
The selection of suitable breeding and testing sites is crucial to the success of a maize (Zea niays L.) improvement programme. Twelve early-maturing maize cultivars were evaluated for 3 yr at 16 locations in West Africa to determine the representativeness, discriminating ability, and repeatability of the testing sites and to identify core testing...
DNA based characterisation of maize germplasm has become the easiest and fastest approach to identify genetic diversity as compared to phenotyping. The conventional DNA source for genotyping is the leaf which required at least 2 weeks waiting period from seed planting to leaves sampling. This work exploits the use of endosperm DNA (EDNA) for the ge...
Investigations were conducted on seven cotton genotypes during the 2010 wet season at the Institute for Agricultural Research Farm, Samaru (11°11′N 07°38′E) in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria, to ascertain their level of resistance/tolerance to leaf roller, Sylepta derogata. The genotypes screened were Samcot 8, Samcot 9, Sam...
Multi-environment trials (METs) in West Africa have demonstrated the existence of genotype×environment interactions (G×E), which complicate the selection of superior cultivars and the best testing sites for identifying superior and stable genotypes. Two powerful statistical tools available for MET analysis are the additive main effects and multipli...
Several protocols have been published for somatic embryogenesis in maize. It is essential to compare different protocols on selected germplasm at initial stages of tissue culture to identify a protocol that would yield optimum results. The ultimate goal is to use in vitro system for selecting and generating stress tolerant maize germplasm. Immature...
RELEASE OF FOUR NEW SUNFLOWER VARIETIES BY INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
F.A. Showemimo, F.C. Orakwue, M.Y.Yeye, S.G. Ado, B.Tanimu, S.M. Misari, M. Mahmud, A.D. Akpa, E.A. Egwurube, J.J. Omaje and V.I.O. Ndirika,
Four varieties of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)Were developed and evaluated by the Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) ,...
Five onion cultivars were crossed in a diallel and their progenies evaluated at Sokoto and Talata Mafara, during the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons. Thirty milliliter of 10-1 cfu of spore suspension of Alternaria porri was poured into each plot. Combined analysis indicated that location, recorded highly significant mean squares (p<0.01) for diseas...
Five open pollinated onion cultivars Red Creole, Kaharda, Koumassa, Sokoto local and Ori were crossed in a complete diallel
and their progenies were evaluated in replicated trials, at Sokoto and Talata Mafara, Nigeria, during the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006
seasons. The experiments were randomised as complete block design with three replications. 30mls...
Nitrogen stress is a major nutrient constraint to maize productivity in the northern Guinea savanna of West and Central Africa. Thus, improved maize germplasm tolerant to low N with the capacity to utilize N more efficiently together with improved agronomic practices appear to be the primary control measure for low input management. As part of the...
