Shayan Mostafaei

Karolinska Institutet | KI · Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics

The aim of this project was to identify candidate novel therapeutic targets to facilitate the treatment of COPD using machine-based learning (ML) algorithms and penalized regression models. In this study, 59 healthy smokers, 53 healthy non-smokers and 21 COPD smokers (9 GOLD stage I and 12 GOLD stage II) were included (n = 133). 20,097 probes were...

We aimed to construct a prediction model based on computed tomography (CT) radiomics features to classify COVID-19 patients into severe-, moderate-, mild-, and non-pneumonic. A total of 1110 patients were studied from a publicly available dataset with 4-class severity scoring performed by a radiologist (based on CT images and clinical features). Th...

Background: Machine learning (ML) could have advantages over traditional statistical models in identifying risk factors. Using ML algorithms, our objective was to identify the most important variables associated with mortality after dementia diagnosis in the Swedish Registry for Cognitive/Dementia Disorders (SveDem). Methods: From SveDem, a longit...

Background: This research has challenged the pervasive missing data problem in longitudinal data analysis. Several single imputation (SI) and multiple imputation (MI) approaches are proposed to address this issue. In this study, for the first time, the function of the longitudinal regression tree algorithm as a non-parametric method after imputing...

Purpose Image artefacts continue to pose challenges in clinical molecular imaging, resulting in misdiagnoses, additional radiation doses to patients and financial costs. Mismatch and halo artefacts occur frequently in gallium-68 (⁶⁸Ga)-labelled compounds whole-body PET/CT imaging. Correcting for these artefacts is not straightforward and requires a...

Purpose We aimed to study insertion/deletion (I/D) variation (rs4646994) of ACE gene in a group of SLE patients in west of Iran and its possible relationship with oxidative stress. Method and results Genotypes and allele frequencies related to ACE (I/D) variation were determined in 108 SLE patients and 110 gender and age-matched healthy controls u...

To investigate the outcomes of asymptomatic stage I twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (stage I TTTS) among patients treated with fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) versus expectant management. Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were systematically searched from inception up to March 1st, 2022. The primary outcome was at least...

Background In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to the influence of nutrition on reproductive health. Nevertheless, the imminent association between diet-related inflammation and the risk of infertility has not yet been established. The aim of the current study was to investigate the ability of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DI...

Objectives: We aim to analyze the risk of death from specific external causes, including falls, complications of medical and surgical care, unintentional injuries, and suicide, in dementia patients. Design: Swedish nationwide cohort study integrating 6 registers from May 1, 2007, through December 31, 2018, including the Swedish Registry for Cogn...

Purpose: Metformin is considered as radiation modulator in both tumors and healthy tissues. Radiomics has the potential to decode biological mechanisms of radiotherapy response. The aim of this study was to apply radiomics analysis in metformin-induced radiosensitivity and finding radioproteomics associations of computed tomography (CT) imaging fe...

Objective: This study aimed to introduce novel techniques for identifying the genes associated with developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to prioritize COPD candidate genes using regression methods. Materials and methods: This is a secondary analysis of the data from an experimental study. We used penalized logistic regress...

Background The time until an event happens is the outcome variable of interest in the statistical data analysis method known as survival analysis. Some researchers have created kernel statistics for various types of data and kernels that allow the association of a set of markers with survival data. Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) is often considered...

Fetal reduction (FR) for higher-order multiples accounted for 103.6 per 100,00 births across the United States in 2015, and the need for this service has expanded over the last 30 years. Despite improvements in neonatal care, triplet pregnancies are more likely to experience adverse outcomes, including infant mortality and morbidity, than twin or s...

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by vascular damage and fibrosis in the intima that commonly occurs in the aorta. In many damaged sites in TA patients, natural killer (NK) cells have been shown to be hyperactivated and produce inflammatory cytokines and toxic components. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like recept...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory disease with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary complications. Due to the disease's systemic nature, many investigations investigated the genetic alterations in various biological samples. We aimed to infer causal genes in COPD's pathogenesis in different biological samples using...

Background In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to the influence of nutrition on reproductive health. Nevertheless, the imminent association between diet-related inflammation and the risk of infertility has not yet been established. The aim of the current study was to investigate the ability of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DI...

Objective: To develop a model based on factors available at diagnosis of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) that predicts chance of dual twin survival following fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLPC) using machine learning algorithm. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data collected from two university-affiliated tertiary fetal centers be...

This meta‐analysis aims to compare the perinatal outcome of twin‐twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) pregnancies undergoing selective vs. vascular equator (Solomon) fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP). We performed a systematic search in PubMed and Web of Science from inception up to 25 July 2021. Studies comparing the Solomon and selective techni...

Objectives: To evaluate the survival of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and concomitant twin anemia polycythemia sequence (TAPS) compared to TTTS without TAPS at the time of fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP). Methods: TTTS pregnancies undergoing FLP were divided to three groups including (i) traditional TAPS definition of middle c...

Background Diet plays an important role in regulating inflammation, which is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our aim was to investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores and RA activity. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Ira...

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of millions of deaths, and breast cancer is women's most frequent kind of cancer. The rising incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer is a warning sign of a future in which many individuals with coexisting heart disease and cancer will grow enormously. This research aimed to estimate...

Background and Aim: Currently, HIV, HBV, and HIV/HBV co-infection are important global health issues. It has been estimated that 2.7 million people are co-infected with HIV and HBV worldwide. In recent years, miRNAs have shown promising results as a research area. The current study aimed to investigate the expression level of miRNA-122, miRNA-149,...

Complement dysfunction results in impaired ability in clearing apoptotic cell debris that may stimulate autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we provided a comprehensive search to find and meta-analyze any complement gene polymorphisms associated with SLE. The ITGAM, C1q, and MBL gene polymorphisms were included in...

Backgrounds This study aims to estimate and compare the parameters of some univariate and bivariate count models to identify the factors affecting the number of mortality and the number of injured in road accidents. Methods The accident data used in this study are related to Kermanshah province in march2020 to march2021. Accidents areas were divid...

The main aim of the present study was to predict the myocardial function improvement in cardiac MR (LGE-CMR) images in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using radiomics and machine learning algorithms. Altogether, 43 patients were selected to enroll in this study who had visible scars on short-axis LGE-CMR images and were candid...

An inevitable exposure to the toxic heavy metal such as lead in our environmental can have irreversible effects on children’s mental performance. In this study, 3316 children in 8 case-control studies were selected for review. The case group was exposed to a concentration of lead above 10 μg/dL, and the control group was exposed to a concentration...

We aimed to construct a prediction model based on computed tomography (CT) radiomics features to classify COVID-19 patients into severe-, moderate-, mild-, and non-pneumonic. A total of 1110 patients were studied from a publicly available dataset with 4-class severity scoring performed by a radiologist (based on CT images and clinical features). CT...

Punica granatum (Family Lythraceae) comprises considerable content of phenolic components and it proves the antioxidant activity of pomegranate. Some clinical trial investigations display that consumption of pomegranate is able to boost the antioxidant status. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of pomegranate extract to reduce oxidative s...

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare the fetal survival rate and perinatal outcomes of triplet pregnancies after selective reduction to twins (RTT) vs singletons (RTS). Data sources PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were systematically searched from inception of the databases until 16 January 2022. Study eli...

Background We aimed to analyze the prognostic power of CT-based radiomics models using data of 14,339 COVID-19 patients. Methods Whole lung segmentations were performed automatically using a deep learning-based model to extract 105 intensity and texture radiomics features. We used four feature selection algorithms and seven classifiers. We evaluat...

In this study, we aimed to predict postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) with the help of machine learning (ML) in cardiac operations. We prospectively gathered the preoperative and intraoperative data of 918 patients (random split: n=745 and n=173), who were candidates for elective cardiac surgeries. Patients were observed for any pulmonary...

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) with sarcopenia and metabolic biomarkers in people with type 2 diabetes in the Kurdish race. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of 189 type 2 diabetic patients (35-65 years old) from RaNCD cohort study were evaluated. DTAC...

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial pneumonia of unknown aetiology with a mean survival rate of less than 3 years. No previous studies have been performed on the role of co-infection (viral and bacterial infection) in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF. In this study, we investigated the role of viral/b...

Background Severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is associated with dysregulated immune response and extreme inflammatory injury. Considering the role of insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in immune-mediated and inflammatory reactions, this study was conducted to investigate the IGF-1 contribution to the pathogenesis of severe form of COVID-19....

Rationale: The Toll-like receptor 3 Leu412Phe (TLR3 L412F) polymorphism attenuates cellular anti-viral responses and is associated with accelerated disease progression in IPF. The role of TLR3 L412F in bacterial infection in IPF or in acute exacerbations (AE) has not been reported. Objective: To characterize the association between TLR3 L412F and A...

Purpose: To derive and validate an effective radiomics-based model for differentiation of COVID-19 pneumonia from other lung diseases using a very large cohort of patients. Methods: We collected 19 private and 5 public datasets, accumulating to 26,307 individual patient images (15,148 COVID-19; 9,657 with other lung diseases e.g. non-COVID-19 pneum...

Objective: In this large multi-institutional study, we aimed to analyze the prognostic power of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics models in COVID-19 patients. Methods: CT images of 14,339 COVID-19 patients with overall survival outcome were collected from 19 medical centers. Whole lung segmentations were performed automatically using a previ...

Objectives: To present the clinical characteristics, disease course, management, and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients with Behcet's disease (BD). Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we retrieved BD patients with definite diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. Demographic data, comorbidities, features related both to BD and COVID-19...

Objective: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) is a multidimensional criterion of diet quality utilized to evaluate how well people’s dietary behaviors align with major recommendations of the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We aim to investigate the association between the diet quality and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity. Design: Cr...

Background: Diet plays an important role in regulating inflammation, which is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our aim was to investigate the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and RA activity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Iran, in 20...

Objective: To evaluate laparoscopy-assisted fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLPC) of placental anastomoses in the treatment of twin-to-twin-transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Study design: We performed a retrospective cohort study analyzing pregnancies complicated by TTTS who underwent FLPC in a single university-affiliated tertiary medical-center....

Objective We sought to perform a meta-analysis of the predictive value of antenatal ultrasonographic markers of bowel dilation, gastric dilation, polyhydramnios and abdominal circumference that predict complex gastroschisis and adverse perinatal outcomes Data sources PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase were searched for relevant articles up...

Background Ocular manifestations are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Retinopathy has previously been linked to disease severity and might have a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life and has also been associated with a poor prognosis in SLE. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of retinopathy among patients who a...

Aim: We sought to (i) identify antenatal ultrasonographic markers that predict complex gastroschisis (defined as concomitant bowel necrosis, atresia, stenosis or perforation) and associated perinatal outcome, and (ii) to compare the predictive value of any significant ultrasonographic markers in each trimester of pregnancy. Methods: This systemati...

Objective: Evaluate survival in Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) with and without Selective Fetal Growth Restriction (sFGR) after fetoscopic laser coagulation (FLS). Methods: Retrospective study of monochorionic diamniotic twins undergoing FLS. The cohort was classified as TTTS and TTTS with sFGR. Baseline, intra-operative and postoperative...

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial pneumonia of unknown etiology with a mean survival rate of less than 3 years. Gap StatementNo previous studies have been performed on the role of co-infection (viral and bacterial infection) in the pathogensis and progression of IPF.AimIn this study, we investigated the ro...

Objective: The The aim of this study was to identify the most important features and assess their discriminative power in the classification of the subtypes of NSCLC patients Methods: This study involved 354 pathologically proven NSCLC patients including 134 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 110 large cell carcinoma (LCC), 62 not other specified (NOS...

Background: Lead exposure as a toxic material especially in children can be recognized as a harmful factor for cognitive function system. Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the lead exposure effect on cognitive function among 6979 children less than 12 years. The 16 studies were divided into two clusters according to "duration o...

The aim of this work is to investigate the applicability of radiomic features alone and in combination with clinical information for the prediction of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients’ overall survival after partial or radical nephrectomy. Clinical studies of 210 RCC patients from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) who underwent either partial or...

Objective: To compare the perinatal outcomes following laser photocoagulation complicated by chorioamniotic separation (CAS) and septostomy. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated by twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) who underwent fetoscopic laser photo-coagulation (FLPC). The data was collected f...

Background:Obesity and overweight in early life arebeingone of the challenges of public health in both developed and developing societies. Methods:This cross-sectional study was designed on the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) data from the WHO, in collaboration with UNAIDS, UNESCO, and UNICEF. The countries of low- and middle-incom...

Background Severe COVID-19 is associated with an increased level of blood IL-6. It is suggested that adjusting the IL-6 level or its effects may diminish the inflammation of the airway and alter the course of the disease. Methods We performed a controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trial including severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Ir...

Objective: This systematic review and meta‐analysis study was performed to assess the potential association between interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1143634 and rs16944) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) SNP (rs1800795) and pre-eclampsia (PE). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the international...

Background: The aim of this study was to provide new insights into the association between tuberculosis (TB) infection and lung cancer with consideration of the genetic background of strains in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) population. Results: We employed the elastic net penalized logistic regression model, as a statistical-learning algor...

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) have been introduced in recent years as a key player in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the exact mechanisms of their transformation and intracellular pathways have not yet been determined. This study aimed to investigate the role of fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP-α) in the regulation...

Previous studies demonstrated that DNA methylation analysis in the tissue, blood, and stool samples could help find diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) at an early stage. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we analyzed studies conducted on methylation analysis in colorectal cancer among Iranian patients. Therefore, pub...

Background: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem vasculitis with an unknown etiology. During the past years, several reports are published on the occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the absence of HBsAg, in rheumatic diseases. Objectives: The current study aimed to, firstly, investigate the...

This study investigates the short-term effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown on tracing and detection of tuberculosis (TB) patients in Tehran, Iran. Results of this study have demonstrated that due to the significant decrease in the identification of patients with suspected TB during the COVID-19 outbreak in Tehran, i...

Background: Comparison of LASSO, smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) and minimax concave penalty (MCP) logistic classifiers in order to reconnaissance of related genes with COPD disease and assessing the genes effects on the progression of the disease based on one of the main classes of cells involved in the disease, Sputum Cells. We used a...