Sham Haidar

KIMEP University · College of Human Sciences and Education

Situating the challenges of English-disadvantaged students in the EMI context in one public/government sector university in Pakistan, this study uses semi-structured interviews conducted with teachers to show how teachers understand equity in the EMI context, what challenges they encounter in accounting for an equitable and socially just EMI policy...

This study investigates the connection between access to English during early schooling (Urdu-medium public schools and English-medium private schools), the impetus of investing in a graduate classroom, and their role in shaping learners' habitus, and identities. Using cultural capital and investment as the conceptual lens and students' interviews...

REFLECTIVE JOURNALING AS A TOOL TO CRITICAL THINKING Non-Conformist Voices of Pakistani Learners of English

This paper argues that English can be considered as a national language in Pakistan in order to make it accessible to ordinary people and remove the rhetorical negative assumption attached with it. Using the language planning and policy perspective, it suggests that instead of following the traditional language as a problem orientation, the languag...

Neoliberalism, an economic system rooted in free markets and market-driven policies, extends the concept of commodities beyond traditional goods to domains such as language. In this framework, the English language is assigned exchange value and is marketed as a commodity within neoliberal economies. This phenomenon is prominently observed in advert...

Despite an increased interest in war studies and militant discourse in recent years, proximization and legitimization perspectives remain scarce. This paper investigates such perspectives in war poetry by proposing a framework of axiological proximization. In this paper, we have focused upon axiological proximization that is a forced construal of a...

Storytelling was initiated, as a part of this study, in a Pakistani university’s undergraduate English class, involving reflective discussions and journal writing, to create a safe space where students can raise their voices. In a collectivist society, like Pakistan, society’s norms are preferred over individual agencies (Bittles & Small, 2016), wh...

One of the biggest challenges in academia is production of high-quality academic research by MPhil and PhD candidates. Presently, the research output is of low-quality and one of the reasons is lack of academic support, both technically and emotionally (Cornér et al., 2017), for achieving the degree. In this context, the supervisor's role gains cru...

English writing skills are important in English language teaching due to the practice of evaluating students' academic performance in English writing both of other subjects' content knowledge and of English language itself. However, students come to high schools with baggage of varying linguistics competencies due to differential exposure to Englis...

This study examines teachers' language appropriation strategies in the multilingual setting of Pakistani universities to show how they negotiate the official/institutional constraints imposed in the implementation of English

Similar to most postcolonial countries in the world, in Pakistan English has a long history and has become integral part of Pakistani linguistic scenario. Pakistan is included in Kachru three circle model as an Outer circle country. Being in out circle, English language has not only affected the local languages but has also been impacted by local l...

This study examines teachers’ language appropriation strategies in the multilingual setting of Pakistani universities to show how they negotiate the official/institutional constraints imposed in the implementation of English Medium Instruction (EMI). Working in a monoglossic environment gripped by ‘guilty multilingualism’, these teachers assert the...

Chapter 12 Neoliberalism, Globalisation and Englishism: Exploring Ideological Assumptions Attached with the English Language in Pakistan Sham Haidar, Sumayyah Malik, and Samiullah Abstract Due to globalization, English has become the language of communication among most of the speakers of other languages. Most nonnative speakers of English use...

Due to globalization, English has become the language of communication among most of the speakers of other languages. Most nonnative speakers of English use it as a lingua franca to communicate with each other. English has also become the language of education and most countries are turning towards English and thus it is becoming a necessary elemen...

Description Introduction Owing to colonialism and globalisation, English has become the dominant language in the world (Rassool, 2013). English plays a number of crucial roles around the world, and people dream of it as a source of social mobility (Channa et al., 2020; Haidar, 2019a; Haidar & Fang, 2019a; Haidar et al., 2019; Mohanty et al., 2010;...

This study demonstrates how stakeholders’ treatment of English language as the sole marketable/saleable commodity in educational setting can have implications for multilingualism and existing linguistic diversity in Pakistan. Language commodification refers to the valuation of languages as marketable/saleable commodities and their relative exchange...

This study demonstrates how stakeholders’ treatment of English language as the sole marketable/saleable commodity in educational setting can have implications for multilingualism and existing linguistic diversity in Pakistan. Language commodification refers to the valuation of languages as marketable/saleable commodities and their relative exchange...

Due to social and geographical mobility and globalization, many minority languages in the world are pushed to the periphery. Reasons for such a trend differ among languages. In the case of the Punjabi language, despite being spoken by a major portion of the population, the speakers are gradually disowning it. Considering this gradual shift, the pre...

In a fast changing landscape of a globalized world and knowledge-driven economies, producing graduates with multiple competencies is critical as well as challenging for the universities. Given the growing importance of soft skills and their employability prospects, the present study draws on quantitative and qualitative data and examine soft skills...

English, being used predominantly at the official level, in higher education, and in the job market, is the most sought after language in Pakistan. Access to quality instruction in and for English, however, remains a dream for most of the socioeconomically disadvantaged students. This study explores the amount, intensity, and quality of access to E...

Negative framing of the image of Muslims, especially after 9/11, has caused numerous Muslim communities to become apprehensive about the way their identity is presented in the mass media. One such community being affected by negative representations based on Islamophobia and other gender-related stereotypes is Pakistan. As a result, these misunders...

This study examines the challenges faced by female educational managers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The purpose of the study is to explore the challenges that female educational managers face in maintaining their managerial positions, and to identify the strategies that they employed in coping with those challenges. The study uses qualitative...

The recent years have observed a notable rise in online activities and interactions. One of the popular online interaction zones are fandom communities comprising fans of any artist, band, TV show, movie, book, and so on. These fans come together on various platforms to enthuse about their favorites with people who share their admiration and intere...

This study investigates students' perceptions about using English in education and its role in defining the fate of regional languages in Pakistan. Participants' perceptions were recorded via a five-point Likert-type survey questionnaire. Data were collected from students at three public sector universities at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and a public sector...

Fandom practices are often considered meaningless and unnecessary. However, the use of social media carries the potential for positive as well as negative impact on the users. Using the fraemwork of Community of Practice, the latest theory addressing community formation and interaction, as its theoretical framework, the study explores the Twitter-b...

This study analyzes the role of code switching in enhancing students’ understanding and increasing their progress rate in bilingual language teaching classrooms. Students of low socioeconomic status (SES) background, and studying in public schools in the capital city attend English Access Microscholarship Program at a public sector university in Is...

Drug addiction is a social evil which has been studied by different scholars of the world from different perspectives. Most of the research conducted to understand this phenomenon is from the perspective of psychology, neurophysiology, medical sciences, and behavioral sciences. However, the discourse of drug addicts that probably contributes to add...

Curriculum provides specific kinds of exposure to learners in a continuous process and determines learners' abilities. According to different educational policies, developing an integrated curriculum in primary education is one way of balancing content exposures for all learners across socioeconomic classes. However, schools within the country vary...

Empowerment of parents and community members improves accountability and monitoring of schools. Nevertheless, accountability relationships need to be accurately defined for decentralization to improve schools' performance. This study, therefore, aims to explore educationists' and Parents Teachers Council (PTC) members' perceptions of local accounta...

17.1 Introduction English has undoubtedly become the dominant language in the world and, unsurprisingly too, in Pakistan (Haidar & Fang, 2019a) where English is the official language, the language of education, and is associated with helping one attain social mobility. However, it is also a divisive source in society as English tends to be within g...

This study investigates the implicit ideologies which result in the Pakistani middle class society’s increasing obsession with clothing brands. Consumerism, neoliberalism and the theory of Commodity Fetishism are used as theoretical framework to interpret the data. The study uses a qualitative method being interpretivist in nature, but also has som...

Previous studies focusing on the role of English in developing countries have reached different conclusions. Some studies consider the English language to be beneficial for students’ academic and professional development, while others claim that it affects students’ progress and conceptual clarity and thus acts as a source of students’ failure. Whi...

English being the official language is a source of prestige and necessary for recognition in Pakistan. Research studies usually debate the positive and negative influence of English on students in developing countries. However, the concept of desire attached with acquiring English is a less explored area. The present study attempts to understand th...

The purpose of this dissertation study is to explore access to English in different school systems in Pakistan. English is one of the official languages in Pakistan and the most prestigious language in the language hierarchy. It is also the language of higher education and a prerequisite for most professional jobs. However, access to English may no...

Language is product of four skills: reading, writing, listening and speaking. English language learning and examination has been reduced to reading and writing in Pakistan, at the University level. However, English Speaking Skills (ESS) are in high demand in professional life. ESS require testing and grading like English writing skills. This study...

In Pakistan, English is one of the official languages and the language of higher education, a prerequisite for professional positions, and the most prestigious language. However, access to English may not be the same for people belonging to different socioeconomic statuses because of different school systems. There are different schools for the eli...

This paper explores language ideology, policies and the role of English in Pakistan and China, two countries in which English plays different roles in education. Owing to globalization and communication development, the role of the English language is changing; thus, there is need to change the policies and ideologies surrounding English instructio...

This paper has explored participants’ views about the role of English in education in Pakistan. The symbolic power of language (Bourdieu, 1991) and theories about the globalization of English including linguistic imperialism (Phillipson, 1992), world Englishes (Kachru, 1990), and the sociolinguistics of English (Blommaert, 2010) are used as theoret...

This paper analyzes Malala and her father Ziauddin’s interview at Oxford Union on December 13, 2013 using critical discourse analysis (CDA) and rhetorical structure theory as theoretical framework. Malala became popular for her resistance against Terrorists in Swat and her work for girls’ education. Malala and her colleagues established the Malala...

Research exploring the role of English in Pakistani education system usually focuses on the use of English as the medium of instruction. However, in this paper I argue that English language should also be discussed in the context of its indispensibility in social mobility and survival in Pakistan. In fact, English plays a number of crucial roles in...