Shai Rosenberg

Hebrew University of Jerusalem | HUJI · Faculty of Medicine

Among the dominant pathogenic genes (PG) in breast cancer are BRCA1/2. Knowing whether a patient carry one of these alterations is meaningful as it affects management. A substantial question is to what extent are the genomic profile of a tumor and its characteristics affected by the germline profile of BRCA1/2 and what is the possible contribution...

Intratumoral heterogeneity is an important clinical challenge because low burden clones expressing specific genetic alterations drive therapeutic resistance mechanisms. We have developed CAVE (cancer-associated variant enrichment), a gene-agnostic computational tool to identify specific enrichment of low-burden cancer driver variants in next-genera...

While mutational signatures provide a plethora of prognostic and therapeutic insights, their application in clinical-setting, targeted gene panels is extremely limited. We develop a mutational representation model (which learns and embeds specific mutation signature connections) that enables prediction of dominant signatures with only a few mutatio...

New therapeutic approaches are needed to improve the prognosis of Glioblastoma (GBM) patients. With the objective of identifying alternative oncogenic mechanisms to abnormally activated EGFR signaling, one of the most common oncogenic mechanisms in GBM, we performed a comparative analysis of gene expression profiles in a series of 54 human GBM samp...

Cancer somatic mutations are the product of multiple mutational and repair processes, some of which are tightly associated with DNA replication. Mutation rates (MR) are known to be higher in late replication timing (RT) regions, but different processes can affect this association. Systematic analysis of the mutational landscape of 2787 tumors from...

Mutational signatures’ association with replication timing (RT) has been studied in cancer samples, but the RT distribution of somatic mutations in non-cancerous cells was only minimally explored. Here, we performed comprehensive analyses of mutational signatures in 2.9 million somatic mutations across multiple non-cancerous tissues, stratified by...

Genomic analysis, performed on tumoral tissue DNA and on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from blood is the cornerstone of precision cancer medicine. Herein, we characterized the clinical prognostic implications of the concordance of alterations in major cancer genes between tissue‐ and blood‐derived DNA in a pan‐cancer cohort. The molecular profiles...

Cancer somatic mutations are the product of multiple mutational and repair processes, both of which are tightly associated with DNA replication. Mutation rates (MR) are known to be higher in late replication timing (RT) regions, but different processes can affect this association. Systematic analysis of the mutational landscape of 2,787 tumors from...

Purpose BRCA1/2 genes are the two main genes associated with hereditary breast cancers (BC). In the present study, we explore clinical and molecular characteristics of BRCA-associated BC in relation to estrogen receptor (ER) status. Methods Three BC databases (DB) were evaluated: (i) Hadassah oncogenetics (n = 4826); (ii) METABRIC (n = 1980), and...

Driver mutations endow tumors with selective advantages and produce an array of pathogenic effects. Determining the function of somatic variants is important for understanding cancer biology and identifying optimal therapies. Here, we compiled a shared dataset from several cancer genomic databases. Two measures were applied to 535 cancer genes base...

Cancer somatic mutations are the product of multiple mutational and repair processes, both of which are tightly associated with DNA replication. Mutation rates (MR) are known to be higher in late replication timing (RT) regions, but different processes can affect this association. Systematic analysis of the mutational landscape of 2,787 tumors from...

Objective: New therapeutic approaches are needed to improve the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Methods: With the objective of identifying alternative oncogenic mechanisms to abnormally activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling, one of the most common oncogenic mechanisms in GBM, we performed a comparative analysis o...

The identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants across the globe and their implications on the outspread of the pandemic, infection potential and resistance to vaccination, requires modification of the current diagnostic methods to map out viral mutations rapidly and reliably. Here, we demonstrate that integrating DNA barcoding technology, sample pooling...

The optimal high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-based combination therapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma is unknown. We report our experience with rituximab, HDMTX, procarbazine and lomustine (R-MPL) given as first-line treatment in our center. Fifty-two patients between 2006 and 2019 were included. Eighteen patients proceeded to autologous...

Correctly identifying the true driver mutations in a patient's tumor is a major challenge in precision oncology. Most efforts address frequent mutations, leaving medium- and low-frequency variants mostly unaddressed. For TP53, this identification is crucial for both somatic and germline mutations, with the latter associated with the Li-Fraumeni syn...

Cancer somatic mutations are the product of multiple mutational and repair processes, both of which are tightly associated with DNA replication. Distinctive patterns of somatic mutation accumulation, termed mutational signatures, are indicative of processes sustained within tumors. However, the association of various mutational processes with repli...

The identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants across the globe and their implications on the outspread of the pandemic, infection potential and resistance to vaccination, requires modification of the current diagnostic methods to map out viral mutations rapidly and reliably. Here, we demonstrate that integrating DNA barcoding technology, sample pooling...

Background Cancer somatic mutations are the product of multiple mutational and repair processes, which are tightly associated with DNA replication. Distinctive patterns of somatic mutations accumulation in tumors, termed mutational signatures, are indicative of processes the tumors underwent. While tumor mutational load is correlated with late repl...

Interrogating the genomics of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA; the liquid biopsy) has advantages in patients in whom tissue biopsy is difficult. However, the reported concordance between genomic analysis of tissue DNA and ctDNA is variable among studies. Herein, we characterized the clinical implications of the relationship between mutations in genes...

The diagnosis of somatic and germline TP53 mutations in human tumors or in individuals prone to various types of cancer has now reached the clinic. To increase the accuracy of the prediction of TP53 variant pathogenicity, we gathered functional data from three independent large-scale saturation mutagenesis screening studies with experimental data f...

BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and the most devastating primary brain cancer in adults. Precision genetic medicine approach does not provide benefit to majority of GBM patients. A major reason for this is tumor heterogeneity harboring potential resistance mechanisms. Here, we describe an approach to grow spheroids of GBM, containi...

Background: 1p/19q-codeleted anaplastic gliomas have variable clinical behavior. We have recently shown that the common 9p21.3 allelic loss is an independent prognostic factor in this tumor type. The aim of this study is to identify less frequent genomic copy number variations (CNVs) with clinical importance that may shed light on molecular oncoge...

ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) regulate traffic of multiple compounds, including chemotherapeutic agents, through biological membranes. They are expressed by multiple cell types and have been implicated in the drug resistance of some cancer cells. Despite significant research in ABC transporters in the context of many diseases...

The names of authors Marc Sanson and Jean-Yves Delattre were incorrectly presented in the initial online publication. The original article has been corrected.

Chordoid glioma (ChG) is a characteristic, slow growing, and well-circumscribed diencephalic tumor, whose mutational landscape is unknown. Here we report the analysis of 16 ChG by whole-exome and RNA-sequencing. We found that 15 ChG harbor the same PRKCA D463H mutation. PRKCA encodes the Protein kinase C (PKC) isozyme alpha (PKCα) and is mutated in...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have recently emerged as a novel treatment for cancer. These agents, transforming the field of oncology, are not devoid of toxicity and cause immune-related side effects which can involve any organ including the nervous system. In this study, we present 9 patients (7 men and 2 women) with neurologic complication...

The growing use of genomic testing presents new treatment options but also new dilemmas. We describe here a heavily-pretreated metastatic triple negative breast cancer patient who failed to respond to conventional treatment. Genomic analyses were performed that discovered several targetable alterations (e.g. FGFR1, CDK6, INSR) and created a clinica...

Background: Hereditary breast cancer (HBC) comprises more than 10% of all breast cancers (BC). Mutations in the BRCA genes are found in approximately half of HBC patients. The majority of BRCA1 associated tumors are ER, PR and HER2 negative with basal-like expression pattern. BRCA2 associated tumors are mostly ER positive (ER+). In the present stud...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have recently emerged as a novel treatment for cancer. These agents, transforming the field of oncology, are not devoid of toxicity and cause autoimmune side effects which can involve any organ, including the nervous system. In this study, we present 9 patients with neurologic complications secondary to ICPI tre...

BACKGROUND Chordoid glioma (ChG) is a characteristic, slow growing and well-circumscribed diencephalic tumor, whose mutational landscape is unknown. METHODS We analyzed primary chordoid glioma samples by whole exome sequencing, RNAseq, Sanger sequencing, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. We determined subcellular localization, kinase activity and e...

Molecular classification of cancer has entered clinical routine to inform diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decisions. At the same time, new tumor entities have been identified that cannot be defined histologically. For central nervous system tumors, the current World Health Organization classification explicitly demands molecular testing, e.g.,...

Molecular portraits of numerous tumors have flooded oncologists with vast amounts of data. In parallel, effective inhibitors of central pathways have shown great clinical benefit. Together, this promises potential clinical benefits to otherwise end-stage cancer patients. Here, we report a clinical service offering mutation detection of archived sam...

BACKGROUND: Although major advances have been accomplished over the last years in their characterization, 1p/19q-codeleted anaplastic gliomas have variable clinical behavior and mysterious 1p/19q-codeletion “driven” molecular oncogenesis. We have recently shown that the most common alteration (i.e. 9p21.3 allelic loss detected in 42% of cases) is a...

Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest primary brain cancer in adults. Emerging innovative therapies hold promise for personalized cancer treatment. Improving therapeutic options depends on research relying on relevant preclinical models. In this line we have established in the setting of the GlioTex project (GBM and Experimental Therapeuti...

The integrated diagnosis of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant and 1p/19q co-deleted, grade III (O3(id) ) is a histomolecular entity that WHO 2016 classification distinguished from other diffuse gliomas by specific molecular alterations. In contrast, its cell portrait is less well-known. The present study is focused on intertumor and intratum...

Biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment, and outcome prediction after stroke are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between increased serum troponin, stroke severity, and mortality. Unselected patients with acute ischemic stroke assessed for troponin levels were included over the span of 1 year. Risk-factor profile, stroke etiolog...

BACKGROUND: Intravenous thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator (iv-tPA) and endovascular clot retrieval have revolutionized treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Cancer patients are at increased risk of ischemic stroke because of inherent hypercoagulability. However, the benefit of active thrombolysis in this clinical setting is unknown and...

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), is an uncommon benign idiopathic lymphoproliferative disorder. The histologic hallmark of RDD is the finding of emperipolesis displayed by lesional histiocytes. While RDD most commonly affects lymph nodes, extranodal involvement of multiple organs ha...

Objective: Tandem occlusions of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and a major intracranial artery respond poorly to intravenous thrombolytic therapy, and are usually managed by endovascular means. This study describes experience with stent-assisted endovascular ICA revascularization and stent-based thrombectomy. Methods: In patients with tandem...