Shagufta Kamal

• Government College University, Faisalabad

Biodegradation using a synergically integrated system of laccase (E.C. 1.10.3.2) and versatile peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.16) co-immobilized on the polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel presents a promising solution for removing endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) like bisphenol A (BPA) from wastewater. In this study, we developed a tailored biocatalyst consi...

The development of novel and efficient tyrosinase inhibitors is a critical necessity of agricultural, cosmetic and medicinal chemistry. Bearing in mind the therapeutical potential of naphthofuran-containing organic compounds, we carried out the CTAB-catalyzed ultrasound-assisted synthesis of a library of novel naphthofuran-triazole joined N-aryl/al...

The greatest challenges that organisms face today are effective responses or detection of life-threatening environmental changes due to an obvious semblance of stress and metabolic fluctuations. These are associated with different pathological conditions among which cancer is most important. Sirtuins (SIRTs; NAD⁺-dependent enzymes) are versatile en...

In this study, a series of 1,2,4-triazole-tethered β-hydroxy sulfide scaffolds 11a–h was synthesized in good to remarkable yields (69–90%) through the thiolysis of oxiranes by the thiols in aqueous basic catalytic conditions. The synthesized 1,2,4-triazole-tethered β-hydroxy sulfides were screened against bacterial tyrosinase enzyme, and Gram-posit...

The tyrosinase enzyme has a vital role in the browning of vegetables and fruits and the biosynthesis of melanin. In this work, we synthesized a diverse library of coumarin–triazole hybrids, and these compounds were characterized by using suitable analytical techniques. Our research work extends beyond the synthetic effort to explore the therapeutic...

Theophylline, a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, serves as a promising focal point for medicinal researchers aiming to create derivatives with diverse pharmacological applications. In this work, we present an improved synthetic method for a range of theophylline-1,2,4-triazole-S-linked N-phenyl acetamides (4a‒g) utilizing ultrasound-assisted synthe...

The effect of Ga-substitution on bismuth ferrite BiGaxFe1–xO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25) properties was investigated, which was fabricated using a microemulsion route. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that specimens had a single-phase rhombohedral structure with space group R3̅c. The concentration of Ga had an impact on various p...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a globally prevalent and hazardous disorder that is responsible for inducing several persistent and potentially fatal liver diseases. Current treatment strategies offer limited efficacy, often accompanied by severe and debilitating adverse effects. Consequently, there is an urgent and compelling need to develop novel ther...

Lavender being a member of the mint family, is cultivated worldwide because of its charming flowers and beautiful scent. It is cultivated throughout the world but its chief producers are Bulgaria (52%), France (26%) and China (12%). Lavender has countless applications in the field of medicine and can be used as an antibiotic, inhaled anesthetic and...

Pandanus odorifer (kewda) has been deemed to be a quite crucial plant of great medical and economic importance in different areas of the world. Being native to coastlines, sea shores and other common water bodies of certain regions like South Asia, Western Africa, Northern, Australia, Polynesia, and the Pacific Island. Being a staple food, kewda fr...

Jasmine (Jasmine officinale) being an ornamental flower is cultivated predominantly due to its fragrant flowers. It is widely cultivated throughout the world however; China is almost 60% of its producer. Jasminum possesses countless medicinal applications such as an antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, vasodilator, antiseptic, analgesic, anti-inflammator...

Piperazine is a privileged moiety that is a structural part of many clinical drugs. Piperazine-based scaffolds have attracted the attention of pharmaceutical and medicinal scientists to develop novel, efficient therapeutic agents owing to their significant and promising biological profile. In the current study, an ecofriendly ultrasonic-assisted sy...

In this study, a series of novel benzofuran-based 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (10a–e) were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory potential against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and bacterial strains (E. coli and B. subtilis). Preliminary results revealed that almost all assayed compounds displayed promising efficacy against AChE, while compou...

A series of Cd- and Er-doped bismuth ferrites were synthesized using a simple microemulsion technique. The influence of Cd and Er doping on the structural, ferroelectric, photocatalytic, and dielectric properties of bismuth ferrite (BFO) was examined in this research. The prepared materials were examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman, scanning electr...

A series of novel triazole analogs (10a-k) bearing piperidine were synthesized in an aprotic solvent on the most effective pharmacophore with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Triazole analogs (10a-k) were obtained in excellent yields (75–90 %) and characterized by EI-MS, IR, 13C NMR and 1H NMR. The newly synthesize...

A series of Ga and Sr doped bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃) was synthesized using a facile microemulsion technique and characterized using XRD, SEM, Raman, PL and UV–vis techniques. The XRD and Raman study revealed the rhombohedral phase of Bi1-xSrxFe1-xGayO3 with R3‾c space group. The average crystalline size was in range of 28–42 nm. From P-E loop, the...

Angiotensinogen (AGT) is one of the most significant enzymes of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) which is involved in the regulation and maintenance of blood pressure. AGT is involved in the production of angiotensin I which is then converted into angiotensin II that leads to renal homeostasis. However, various genetic polymorphisms...

The SrBixAlxFe12-2xO19 (x=0.0-1.0) nano-hexaferrites were prepared via facile micro-emulsion method and ferroelectric, dielectric, magnetic, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties were investigated based on doping contacts. The XRD analysis confirmed the hexagonal single-phase material with P63/mmc space group. P-E loops indicated the higher p...

Drug metabolism involves a series of biological and chemical processes through that endogenous substances are converted into more water-soluble substituents resultantly excreted out from the body. Drug metabolic pathways accomplished by phase I and phase II biotransformation reactions and various in vitro and in vivo models are employed for the eva...

A series of SrMnxFe12-xO19 NPs have been synthesized via microemulsion method. The effect of substitution of Mn on the structural, optical, ferroelectric, dielectric, and photocatalytic properties was evaluated. XRD pattern confirmed the formation of hexagonal monophase magneto-plumbite crystalline structures and particle size was in 26–40 nm range...

Considering the importance of acetylcholine esterase (AChE, BchE) and α-glucosidase in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus, the synthesis of novel azinane triazole-based derivatives as effective acetylcholinesterase (AchE), α-glucosidase, urease, lipoxygenase (LOX), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors is described. Az...

A series of Ni doped SrNixFe12-xO19 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) hexaferrites were fabricated through facile micro-emulsion approach and doping content effect was investigated based on structural, dielectric, optical and photocatalytic properties. The prepared materials were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Fourier trans...

The pristine and Ni doped Ba1-xNixFe12O19 (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) NPs have been fabricated via facile microemulsion approach and the impact of dopants was explored based dielectric, optical, structural and the photocatalytic properties of Ba1-xNixFe12O19 nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction and Raman study confirmed the formation of regular...

A series of Sr1-xZnxFe1-yNiyO19 with composition of x=0.0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 and y=0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 were prepared using micro-emulsion approach and characteristics were studied by XRD, FTIR and UV-Vis techniques. The effect of doping was investigated based on the optical, dielectric, structural and photocatalytic properties of Sr1-xZnxF...

The Cr ion doping effect on various properties of Cr doped BaCrxFe12-xO19 nanoparticles was investigated, which were synthesized via a facile microemulsion approach and properties were studied using XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman, photoluminescence and UV–visible techniques along with dielectric, optical and ferroelectric properties. The BaCrxFe12-xO19 stru...

An extracellular pectinase from a mixed consortium of Bacillus sp. (BSP) was immobilized onto graphene oxide/chitosan composite (GO/CS) through covalent binding to enhance its recycling and operational stability features. Different parameters were optimized, including cross-linker concentration (%), time, pH, and GO/CS-pectinase ratios. GO/CS-pecti...

In this study graphene oxide (GO) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels were synthesized and used as efficient adsorbent for Drimarene Brilliant Blue. GO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo-gravimetric analysis...

In this study graphene oxide (GO) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogels were synthesized and used as efficient adsorbent for Drimarene Brilliant Blue. GO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo-gravimetric analysis...

The present study focuses on iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) biosynthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity (PCA) appraisal for methylene blue dye degradation. A green rapid biogenic synthesis route was employed for synthesis of Fe NPs using banana peel extract. The synthesized Fe NPs was characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scann...

In this study, zinc ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized by co-precipitation method and used as carrier for the immobilization of Aspergillus flavus laccase. Identification of functional groups, crystallinity and morphological behavior of zinc ferrite particles was done by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and...

Sirtuins (SIRT1–7) are distinct histone deacetylases (HDACs) whose activity is determined by cellular metabolic status andnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. HDACs of class III are the members of the SIRT's protein family. SIRTs are the enzymes that modulate mitochondrial activity and energy metabolism. SIRTs have been linked to a numb...

In the current investigation, the fabrication of chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn) doped barium hexaferrite nanoparticles (Ba₁˗ₓZnₓFe₁₂‐yCrʏO₁₉ NPs) using facile microemulsion route was undertaken. The impact of Cr and Zn doping on photocatalytic, structural, ferroelectric and dielectric properties was investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis r...

Hydrogels as adsorbent have attracted great scientific attention; however, there are few reports regarding the high performing hydrogels in terms of adsorption capacity. In this study, a series of graphene oxide/polyacrylamide (GO/PAM) composite hydrogels were synthesized by free radical polymerization for the removal of dyes from wastewater. In or...

Gadolinium and iron doped LaNiO3 perovskites were prepared via facile micro-emulsion approach and characterized using various techniques. A single-phase distorted rhombohedral geometry was obtained with effective doping of Gd and Fe ions in LaNiO3. Photoluminescence spectra show the decrease in intensities on Gd and Fe doping. The energy band gap v...

In this study, Gd and Fe doped La1-xGdxNi1-yFeyO3 NPs were synthesized by co-precipitation and their nanocomposites (NCs) with reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) were fabricated by ultra-sonication approach. The as-fabricated La1-xGdxNi1-yFeyO3/r-GO was characterized by Raman scattering, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan...

Disinfectants play a vital role in our environment. They sanitize our home and office, but the main drawback for using conventional disinfectants is that they are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic in nature and cause serious health issues. Green chemistry emphasizes the role of greener and sustainable disinfectants that cause no harm to the...

Disinfectants play a vital role in our environment. They sanitize our home and office, but the main drawback for using conventional disinfectants is that they are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic in nature and cause serious health issues. Green chemistry emphasizes the role of greener and sustainable disinfectants that cause no harm to the...

Agro-industrial wastes, the most abundant, readily available, and economical materials are of supreme interest that supports sustainable transformation into high-value fuels. However, the low productivity of ethanol due to the inhibition from the degradation product is a significant concern. In the present study, this limitation has been overcome b...

In this study graphene oxide (GO) reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites hydrogels were synthesized and used as efficient adsorbents for Drimarene Brilliant Blue K-4BL. GO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo-gravimetric...

This work investigates the effects of double ion substitution on the ferroelectric, electrochemical, dielectric and photocatalytic properties of Gd and Fe doped La1-yGdyNi1-xFexO3 nanoparticles (NPs). La1-yGdyNi1-xFexO3 was fabricated by facile micro-emulsion path and its properties were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffractio...

A series of Gd, Co and Fe substituted LaNiO3 perovskite oxides were synthesized via microemulsion approach. The influence of dopants was investigated on the basis of ferroelectric, dielectric and photocatalytic properties. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV–Visible spectroscopic techniques were employed for t...

Citation: Kamal, S.; Bibi, I.; Rehman, K.; Zahoor, A.F.; Kamal, A.; Aslam, F.; Alasmary, F.A.; Almutairi, T.M.; Alhajri, H.M.; Alissa, S.A.; et al. Biological

The therapeutic potential of whitish glaucous sub-shrub Haloxylon griffithii (H. griffithii), abundantly present in southern regions of South Asia, has been neglected. The current study aimed to assess the phytochemicals and pharmacological potential of native and gemm forms of H. griffithii. Results of antimicrobial activity revealed that all test...

Claims of nanomaterials in environmental fortification have shaped the conditions to remediate environment and control pollution, which have brought about advances in environmental science and engineering. Using nanomaterials to resolve environmental matters will become an inevitable propensity in the future. Applications of nanomaterials in chemis...

Proteases with alkaline nature and requisite catalytic characteristics have been the supreme interest of numerous industrial sectors. The present study was focused on justifying the following aims, i.e., (1) protease producing strain improvement via physical and chemical mutagenesis, (2) protease optimization, purification, and immobilization on ch...

Mg and Mn ions doping were performed in barium hexaferrite (Ba1−xMgxFe12−yMnyO19) (x = 0.0, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.75, 0.90) and (y = 0.0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.75) via facile micro‐emulsion route. XRD analysis revealed the formation of single‐phase hexagonal geometry of Ba1−xMgxFe12−yMnyO19 with the successful doping of the Mg and Mn ions. The av...

A series of Bi and Fe doped La 1− x Bi x Cr 1− y Fe y O 3 ( x = 0.00–0.10 and y = 0.02–0.12) perovskites were fabricated through a facile microemulsion method and were characterized by XRD, DC electrical-resistivity, dielectric, VSM, and UV–Visible measurements. Orthorhombic phase of synthesized substituted chromite nanocrystallite was confirmed by...

Three carotenoids: zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin and lutein uniquely concentrates into the human macula. Green leafy vegetables, orange and yellow fruits are the sources of zeaxanthin and lutein while meso-zeaxanthin is believed to be formed by ingested carotenoids metabolic transformation in macula. Large scale clinical trials and epidemiological st...

Three carotenoids: zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin and lutein uniquely concentrates into the human macula. Green leafy vegetables, orange and yellow fruits are the sources of zeaxanthin and lutein while meso-zeaxanthin is believed to be formed by ingested carotenoids metabolic transformation in macula. Large scale clinical trials and epidemiological st...

Pesticides or environmental chemicals have superiority of speed control in conditions of massive pest outbreak against biological and cultural control practices which remained active for extended span. Nevertheless, there are severe ecological and environmental problems with reliance on pesticides. Persistence of pesticides in the food chain and th...

Pesticides or environmental chemicals have superiority of speed control in conditions of massive pest outbreak against biological and cultural control practices which remained active for extended span. Nevertheless, there are severe ecological and environmental problems with reliance on pesticides. Persistence of pesticides in the food chain and th...

There are over 10³–10⁴ microorganisms that inhabit gut microbiome. Together gut microbiome consists of 150 times more genes as compared to that of human genome. Therefore, it is considered as an “organ.” Due to several factors gut dysbiosis occurs and it might result in neurobehavioral, immunological, gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, and diabet...

Aflatoxins (AFs) producing fungi (Aspergillus species) are extensively spread in the environment and widely contaminate the human and animal feed. AF has been recognized as substituted bisfuranocoumarins, a secondary fungal metabolite. It has been recognized that AFs may cause hepatotoxicity, mutagenicity, nephrotoxicity, genotoxicity, teratogenici...

The majority of the heavy metals are considered toxic to the human beings by interfering with the normal functions that are taking place in the human body by disrupting metabolic processes and their exposure may be due to natural or anthropogenic sources. Heavy metals act as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) by disrupting the mechanism of actio...

In this era of technology, neurological disorders are the most prevalent disorders in growing population. Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are the most common neurological disorders which are manifested by any abnormality in the structure and functions of neurons present in brain and spinal cord. Exposure to environmental pollution is a serious...

Pristine LaCrO3 and Co, Fe co-doped La1-xCoxCr1-yFeyO3 (x, y = 0.24) perovskite nanoparticles was prepared via micro-emulsion method and the La1-xCoxCr1−yFeyO3 composite was prepared with 5% reduced-graphene oxide (r-GO) by ultra-sonication process. The morphological, structural and thermal properties were investigated by Scanning Electron Microsco...

From the past few decades, rapid industrializations of the world communities have seriously influenced our natural ecosystem. The efforts to develop/invent a novel material as a photocatalyst for non-degradable organic contaminants are keen need for recent ages. We report Gd and Co-doped LaNiO3 (La1−yGdyNi1−xCoxO3) synthesized via co-precipitation...

Chromium-doped cobalt perovskite (Co1-xCrxFeO3) were fabricated via micro-emulsion approach. Phase, morphology and elemental composition of fabricated materials were confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-rays spectroscopy (EDX). The X-ray dens...

La1-xGdxCr1-yNiyO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by micro-emulsion approach. The fabricated NPs were characterized by EDX, SEM, XRD, VSM and UV–Vis techniques. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the successful substitution of Gd³⁺ and Ni³⁺ ions into the LaCrO3 structure with rhombohedral structure. The lattice parameters, i.e., bulk density,...

In the present study, La 1 − x Cr x FeO 3 ( x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.0) was synthesized by micro-emulsion route and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The dielectric, ferroelectric and photocatalytic properties were investigated...

Telomerase plays a significant role to maintain and regulate the telomere length, cellular immortality and senescence by the addition of guanine-rich repetitive sequences. Chronic inflammation or oxidative stress-induced infection downregulates TERT gene modifying telomerase activity thus contributing to the early steps of gastric carcinogenesis pr...

Telomerase plays a significant role to maintain and regulate the telomere length, cellular immortality and senescence by the addition of guanine-rich repetitive sequences. Chronic inflammation or oxidative stress-induced infection downregulates TERT gene modifying telomerase activity thus contributing to the early steps of gastric carcinogenesis pr...

Biotechnology has impacted the textile industry through the improvement of more proficient and eco-friendly manufacturing processes, as well as by facilitating the amended designs of textile materials. Traditionally, the growing textile industry requires harsh chemicals, a lot of costs, labor, and energy for processing. Efforts due to heavy energy...

Inositol is one of nine biologically significant isomers of hexa hydroxy-cyclohexane which plays important role for bone formation and bone mineral density. The study was conducted to quantify and characterize the myo inositol crystals isolated from the pine nuts and peanuts. High-performance liquid chromatography, UV, FTIR and XRD was utilized for...

The use of polymer blends as matrix materials for nanocomposites is recognized as a challenging route for the development of a novel form of high-geared materials having merits of both polymer blends and nanocomposites. Improvement in the properties (e.g., chemical, thermal, mechanical, etc.) of polymer blends along with modifications to achieve st...

Potential of Laccase (Lac) for the decolorization of orange G dye in the presence of natural redox mediator was investigated. Dye degradation was confirmed by Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Lac showed promising efficiency for the...

Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) were fabricated through green route using pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds extract. The Fe2O3 NPs were characterized by UV–vis, XRD, EDX, SEM and AFM techniques. The adopted green rout furnished semi spherical Fe2O3 NPs, uniformly distributed and particle size in the range of 25–55 nm. The LCMS/MS was perform...

in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). Novel structural hybrids of benzofuran-oxadiazole and benzofuran-triazole have been synthesized and evaluated for their potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The excellent antibiotic activity was shown by compounds 5c and 9c against S. aureus with minimum...

La1-xBixCo1-yFeyO3 perovskite was prepared by micro-emulsion method and effect of the Fe and Bi doping on the properties of perovskite was investigated. As-prepared perovskite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray...

Zn, Cu, Co and Ni are biocompatible metals as they are active center of many enzymes in the human body. Incorporation of these biocompatible metals into 3-(o-Sulfamoylphenyl) carbamoylbenzoic acid (I) makes them able to prove an excellent antimicrobial agent. In the present study Ni (II), Co (II), Cu(II) and Zn (II) complexes (III-VI) were synthesi...

Nanoparticles (NPs) of Gd 1−x M x CrO 3 (M = La, Co, Bi) were synthesized by microemulsion techniques, involving simultaneous single ion substitution philosophy. Structural, magnetic, dielectric properties, morphology, elemental analysis and distribution size of fabricated nano-crystalline were determined. The techniques employed for investigation...

Alcalase was scarcely immobilized on monoaminoethyl‐N‐aminoethyl (MANAE)‐agarose beads at different pH values (<20% at pH 7). The enzyme did not immobilize on MANAE‐agarose activated with glutaraldehyde at high ionic strength, suggesting a low reactivity of the enzyme with the support functionalized in this manner. However, the immobilization is re...

Alcalase was immobilized on glyoxyl 4% CL agarose beads. This permitted to have Alcalase preparations with 50% activity retention versus Boc-l-alanine 4-nitrophenyl ester. However, the recovered activity versus casein was under 20% at 50 °C, as it may be expected from the most likely area of the protein involved in the immobilization. The situation...

Inflammatory mediators play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and development of insulin resistance (IR). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the gender-specific association between serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers and development of IR in type 2 diabetic patients. We recruited 90 study partici...

Stearoyl Co A desaturase (SCD) is a rate-limiting lipogenic enzyme that plays an integral role in catalyzing the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, chiefly oleate and palmitoleate. Both contribute a major part of the biological membrane. Numerous SCD isoforms exist in mouse and humans, i.e., SCD-1 to SCD-4 and SCD-1 and SCD-5, respectively....

Due to developing environmental and ecological consciousness, various end-use applications have driven the attentions of scientists to develop new innovative materials. In the recent years, natural polymers and their blends strove a considerable interest. This chapter is intended to provide a brief outline of work that covers the area of blends; ma...

Algae belong to a much-diversified group of autotrophic organisms ranging from simple unicellular to complex multicellular forms. Till date at least 37,000 species of “true” algae and 4000 cyanobacteria are well recognized. They have proved to be the chief source of vitamins, minerals, proteins, and amino acids. Marine algae are used mainly as food...