Shadan Sadeghian

• Doctor of Engineering
• Professor (Assistant) at University of Siegen

The advance of "artificial intelligence"-(AI)-based technologies has the potential to transform work tremendously. Work is a major part of life and, thus, its meaningfulness or lack thereof will impact overall well-being. Previous research investigated human-AI collaboration at work mostly with a focus on performance. However, little attention is g...

Road traffic is a social situation where participants heavily interact with each other. Consequently, communication plays an important role. Typically, the communication between pedestrians and drivers is nonverbal and consists of a combination of gestures, eye contact, and body movement. However, when vehicles become automated, this will change. P...

Take-over requests (TORs) in highly automated vehicles are cues that prompt users to resume control. TORs however, are often evaluated in non-moving driving simulators. This ignores the role of motion, an important source of information for users who have their eyes off the road while engaged in non-driving related tasks. We ran a user study in a m...

Serious applications in virtual reality (VR) often imitate real environments, tasks, and interaction techniques. VR however, allows to transcend reality and augment the physical, cognitive, and perceptual capabilities of users through, for example, telekinesis. In this sense, VR offers “superpowers”, which are not always considered as central and u...

Future technology holds the potential to reshape our understanding of death, grief, and the afterlife. Current trends involve commemorating the deceased in virtual spaces or interacting with digital remains. However, automation combined with already existing thanato-technologies can further change practices and experiences around death. For instanc...

The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in workplaces stands to change the way humans work, with job satisfaction intrinsically linked to work life. Existing research on human-AI collaboration tends to prioritize performance over the experiential aspects of work. In contrast, this paper explores the impact of AI on job decency and meaning...

Work is an important part of our lives-not only as a way to earn a living but as a crucial source for experiencing meaningfulness. The introduction of autonomous systems (or in the widest sense "artificial intelligence", AI) will fundamentally impact work practices. However, while most existing models of human-AI collaboration focus on performance...

Progress in automation will change the way we use and experience technology. The complex, unpredictable, and proactive nature of these technologies will transform them from tools controlled by humans to counterparts in dialogue with them. The existing models and frameworks on human-automation interaction (HAI), however, are insufficient to define t...

In the 2020s, the devastating effects of anthropogenic climate change became unmistakable. Floods, storms, the mass extinction of flora and fauna, the threats of further pandemics, as well as Russia’s war with Ukraine made it necessary for Europeans to act immediately. While the public was still wrangling about the best way to become more resource-...

In Level 3 automated vehicles, preparing drivers for takeover requests (TORs) on the head-up display (HUD) requires their repeated attention. Visually salient HUD elements can distract attention from potentially critical parts in a driving scene during a TOR. Further, attention is (a) meanwhile needed for non-driving-related activities and can (b)...

Studies on imminent TakeOver Requests (TORs) in automated driving have mainly addressed safety aspects rather than user experience (UX). In this study, we investigated the fulfillment of user needs during SAE L3 driving on a test track. Participants engaged in non-driving related tasks (NDRTs; using a smartphone or the auditory modality) had to res...

Soon, voice assistants might be able to engage in fully-fledged social conversations with people, rather than merely providing a voice-operated interface to functionality and data. So far, not much is known about designing such "social" voice assistants and the potential social experiences, which could and should emerge in everyday situations. In t...

Objective: Investigating takeover , driving, non-driving related task (NDRT) performance, and trust of conditionally automated vehicles (AVs) in critical transitions on a test track. Background: Most experimental results addressing driver takeover were obtained in simulators. The presented experiment aimed at validating relevant findings while unc...

Prosocial Behavior" means cooperating and acting in a way to benefit others. Since more and more diverse road users (such as electronic bicycles, scooters, etc.) but also vehicles at different levels of automation are sharing the safety-critical road environment, acting prosocial will become increasingly important in the future for both human and a...

Human transportation has a significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions. Recently several industries have fo-cused on producing more sustainable transportation technologies. However, exploiting the emerging benefit of such technologies requires behavioral changes to integrate decisions and behaviors towards sustainable mobility in users' everyday...

Will automated driving help or hurt our efforts to remedy climate change? The overall impact of transportation and mobility on the global ecosystem is clear: changes to that system can greatly affect climate outcomes. The design of mobility and automotive systems will influence key factors such as driving style, fuel choice, ride sharing, traffic p...

In automated vehicles, drivers will shift their attention between side activities and tasks relevant for vehicle control. As random interruptions lead to performance degradation and are a source of stress/anxiety, use of pervasive attentive user interfaces could mitigate such effects while maintaining comfort and safety. However, in order to develo...

Nowadays, intelligent assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, are widely available. Unsurprisingly, intelligent assistants find their way into cars, in some cases as a major way to interact with the car. We conducted a user enactment exploring the impact of transparency on a possible future user experience with a digital AI assistant in the car. The fo...

While the general debate about the potential of automated vehicles is pervasive, less is known about how people experience those vehicles in everyday life. To this end, we studied the experiential consequences of a speculative automated "valet parking" service. We designed three variants and confronted participants "in the wild." The automation rep...

Automated driving is one of the most discussed disruptive technologies of this decade. It promises to increase drivers' safety and comfort, improve traffic flow, and lower fuel consumption. This has a significant impact on our everyday life and mobility behavior. Beyond the passengers of the vehicle, it also impacts others, for example by lowering...

When it comes to integrating humans, technical systems and organizations, the interplay of constructive and critical methods and tools is crucial for making the process and product of HSI really intelligent. This becomes even more important, when HSI is applied to the development of artificial cognitive systems, automation and autonomous systems e....

Analyse, Bewertung und Gestaltung von Arbeit kann durch eine systemische, interdisziplinäre Vorgehensweise ausgehend von der Systemtheorie, Systems-Engineering und Human Systems Integration deutlich verbessert werden. Der Beitrag schildert in einem Wechselspiel aus Theorie und Beispielen aus der Praxis, vor allem am Beispiel des au-tomatisierten Fa...

Highly automated vehicles require users to take over control when they reach the limits of the automation. These control transitions can lead to hazardous accidents if the human and automation do not have a consistent mental model of the abilities, authorities, and responsibilities of each other. In this workshop, we aim to apply existing knowledge...

Child cyclists are often at greater risk for traffic accidents. This is in part due to the development of children's motor and perceptual-motor abilities. To facilitate road safety for children, we explore the use of multimodal warning signals to increase their awareness and prime action in critical situations. We developed a bicycle simulator inst...

Highly automated vehicles, occasionally require users to resume vehicle control from non-driving related tasks by issuing cues called take-over request (TOR). Due to being engaged in non-driving related tasks (NDRT), users have a decreased level of situational awareness of the driving context. Therefore, user interface designs for TORs should ensur...

A common way to display information via tactile output is to use vibration motors. However, vibration is often perceived as a rather artificial, even unpleasant cue. We explore a novel method based on pneumatic cues to provide a more natural tactile output. We use two airbags positioned at the back of the user, at shoulder height to give navigation...

The rise of evermore autonomy in vehicles and the expected introduction of self-driving cars have led to a focus on human interactions with such systems from an HCI perspective over the last years. Automotive User Interface researchers have been investigating issues such as transition control procedures, shared control, (over)trust, and overall use...

A key aspect of children»s development is the ability to manage personal feelings, understand others» feelings and needs, and interact positively with others. Storytelling is one approach to help children develop emotional literacy and deal with their own feelings constructively. To facilitate and complement this process, we developed an interactiv...

Automation shortcomings in highly automated driving (level 3) might require the driver to take over vehicle control. When the vehicle issues a take-over request (TOR), the driver has to immediately comprehend the situation, which highly demands visual attention. Therefore, haptic channel has the potential to be used for conveying information about...

This workshop focuses on the problem of designing effective control transition interfaces in highly automated vehicles. This includes the handover of control from the driver to the autonomous vehicle, as well as takeover procedures from the vehicle to the driver. The workshop aims at consolidating existing knowledge and identifying remaining issues...

Informing a driver of a vehicle’s changing state and environment is a major challenge that grows with the introduction of in-vehicle assistant and infotainment systems. Even in the age of automation, the human will need to be in the loop for monitoring, taking over control, or making decisions. In these cases, poorly designed systems could lead to...

Take-over situations in highly automated driving occur when drivers have to take over vehicle control due to automation shortcomings. Due to high visual processing demand of the driving task and time limitation of a take-over maneuver, appropriate user interface designs for take-over requests (TOR) are needed. In this paper, we propose applying amb...

This workshop will focus on the problem of occupant and vehicle situational awareness with respect to automated vehicles when the driver must take over control. It will explore the future of fully automated and mixed traffic situations where vehicles are assumed to be operating at level 3 or above. In this case, all critical driving functions will...

Managing drivers' distraction and directing their attention has been a challenge for automotive UI researchers both in industry and academia. The objective of this half-day tutorial is to provide an overview of methodologies for design, development, and evaluation of in-vehicle attention-directing user interfaces. The tutorial will introduce specif...

The increasing amount of in-vehicle information systems has led to handling multiple tasks simultaneously. This increases mental workload and consequently causes interruptions and distraction from driving. In this paper, we propose applying peripheral light cues to support in-vehicle task resumption. We ran a driving simulator study in which we tes...

Truck platooning has advantages for fuel consumption, road safety, and use of the existing road infrastructure. However, it does not simplify the job of truck drivers who reportedly fear driving in close distance and mistrust the automation. Prior work indicates that a platooning assistant system can help overcoming these issues. However, there are...

Despite the advantages that truck platooning has for fuel consumption, road safety, and use of existing road infrastructure, it does not simplify the job for the drivers. Truck drivers have to maintain a reasonable level of situation awareness while having a very limited vision of the road and dealing with considerable amount of information. This p...

The objective of the EU project COMPANION is to develop co-operative mobility technologies for supervised vehicle platooning, in order to improve fuel efficiency and safety for goods transport. The potential social and environmental benefits inducted by heavy-duty vehicle platoons have been largely proven. However, until now, the creation, coordina...

Interruptions happen in driving context due to interacting with multiple in-vehicle information systems. Drivers are vulnerable to forget to resume the interrupted task. Remembering to resume these tasks increases mental workload. In this paper, we consider interrupted tasks as prospective memory tasks because they cannot be performed at the time t...

Driving is a multi-tasking activity. High cognitive ability is needed to perform different tasks simultaneously. Once the number of tasks or their complexity is increased, multi-tasking is not possible due to the limited cognitive resources. In this case, instead of having multiple tasks proceeding in parallel, they interrupt each other which somet...