Sergey V Sidorenko

Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, St. Petersburg

Aim of the study. Genetic analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroups 15 and 11 circulating in Russia according to the following parameters: serotype affiliation; clonal complex (CC); presence of resistance and virulence determinants; relatedness to genetic lineages circulating in the world, and justification of inclusion of the actual serotype...

Dose-intensive cytostatic therapy and antibiotic treatment in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) cause severe abnormalities in a composition of gut microbiota as well as the emergence of antibiotic resistance. The data on the longitudinal recovery of major bacterial phyla and the expansion of genes associated with antibi...

This study was aimed at understanding the distributions of the MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations) of aztreonam-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem with respect to Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing different types of carbapenemases and their combinations. K. pneumoniae isolates were collected between 2019 and 2022 from 37 hos...

COVID-19 is caused by an airborne virus, SARS-CoV-2. The upper respiratory tract (URT) is, therefore, the first system to endure the attack. Inhabited by an assemblage of microbial communities, a healthy URT wards off the invasion. However, once invaded, it becomes destabilised, which could be crucial to the establishment and progression of the inf...

Гентамицин является одним из компонентов комбинированной терапии инфекционных эндокардитов, вызванных Staphylococcus aureus, включая метициллинорезистентные штаммы (methicillin-resistant S.aureus, MRSA). Цель исследования — анализ влияния десяти 6-часовых циклов воздействия высоких концентраций (16 мкг/мл) гентамицина in vitro на изменение фенотипа...

A high cellular level of cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) influences the formation of resistance to antibiotics that target the cell-wall in Staphylococcus aureus. The increase in intracellular molecules of c-di-AMP is due to mutations in the DHH/DHHA1 domain of the GdpP protein. The influence of mutations in the other domains of GdpP h...

Methylphosphorylated mono-, di- and trimannosides structurally related to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigens of Klebsiella pneumoniae of serotype O3 were synthesized and conjugated with a biotin tag. The stereo- and regioselective assembly of target carbohydrate chains was conducted using uniform monosaccharide synthetic blocks. After that, a...

The high cellular level of cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP), which in turn results in resistance to cell-wall targeted antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus. An increase in intracellular molecules of c-di-AMP is due to mutations in the DHH/DHHA1 domain of the GdpP protein. The influence of mutations in the other domains of GdpP has not b...

OXA-48 carbapenemases are frequently expressed by Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates; they decrease the effectiveness of carbapenem therapy, particularly with meropenem. Among these isolates, meropenem-susceptible carbapenemase-producers may show decreased meropenem effectiveness. However, the probability of the emergence of resistance in susc...

The aim of this study is to describe the phenotypic and genetic properties of oxacillin-susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (OS-MRSA) isolates and their beta-lactam resistant derivatives obtained after selection with oxacillin. A collection of hospital- (HA-) and community-acquired (CA-) MRSA was screened for oxacillin susceptib...

During a prospective multicenter non-interventional observational study, a comparative assessment was made of the serotype structure of pneumococci circulating among healthy children under the age of 5 years and children of the same age group with signs of respiratory infections in the periods 2016-2018 and 2020-2022. Data on the serotype structure...

Objective. To characterize the genomes of oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus aureus ST59 isolated in St. Petersburg. Materials and Methods. Nine oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive of S. aureus isolates (OS-MRSA) of ST59 were included in the study. The isolates were obtained from children who showed no clinical signs of staphylo...

Vancomycin and daptomycin are first-line drugs for the treatment of complicated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, including bacteremia. However, their effectiveness is limited not only by their resistance to each antibiotic but also by their associated resistance to both drugs. It is unknown whether novel lipoglycopepti...

Background Antimicrobial reistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats to global public health. Selection of resistant bacteria is driven by inappropriate use of antibiotics, amongst other factors. COVID-19 may have exacerbated AMR due to unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. Country-level knowledge is needed to understand options for action. Object...

The inoculum effect (IE) is a well-known phenomenon with beta-lactams. At the same time, the IE has not been extensively studied with carbapenem/carbapenemase inhibitor combinations. The antibiotic-to-inhibitor concentration ratio used in susceptibility testing can influence the in vitro activity of the combination. To explore the role of these fac...

Strains of microorganisms characterized by resistance to antimicrobial drugs used in medical organizations continue to spread In most regions of the world including Russia. It is clear that it affects both the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy and tactics and strategy of its use not only in adults patients but also in children. The pandemic of...

The rapid spread of gram-negative bacteria resistance to carbapenems due to the production of carbapenemases requires new treatment options. The activity of carbapenem antibiotic biapenem, recently registered in Russia, against producers of various carbapenemases was studied in comparison with other antibiotics of this group. Among NDM-type carbape...

Since 2018, Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates have been described in Russia, demonstrating the convergence of hypervirulent properties and multiple antibiotic resistance. The problem of the Klebsiella hypervirulent pathotype has been actualized relatively recently that was progressively described in the 1980s in the Pacific region. These Klebsiella sp...

The paper presents optimized methods for PCR and sequence typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The serotype composition of pneumococci isolated from children under 5 years of age with infections of the upper respiratory tract was analyzed using optimized methods. Between 2016 and 2021, there was a decrease in the frequency of serotypes included in t...

Escherichia coli isolates from various sources from 2018 to 2019 were included in the study. Mcr-1 genes were found in two of 105 animal strains (2%) and seven of 928 human strains (0.8%). All mcr-1-positive strains showed a low level of resistance to colistin (MIC ranged from 4 to 8 µg/ml). Both strains isolated from animals remained sensitive to...

Aim. To investigate how the pneumococcal vaccination affects the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. Materials and Methods. In 2011-2019, 1,852 healthy children (1,354 aged ≤ 5 years and 480 aged from 6 to 17 years) were examined for the nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage. Of them, 539 children were tested before the start of pneu...

The review presents the current view on the different resistance mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus to beta-lactams, which are ones of the main antibiotics of choice for the treatment of staphylococcal infections. Currently, there are several mechanisms of resistance such as production of staphylococcal beta-lactamase (blaZ), which provides resist...

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) for a long time were considered avirulent constituents of the human and warm-blooded animal microbiota. However, at present, S. epidermidis , S. haemolyticus , and S. hominis are recognized as opportunistic pathogens. Although linezolid is not registered for the treatment of CoNS infections, it is widely used...

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKp) is a new threat to healthcare. In this study, we analyzed nine CR-hvKp isolates of different sequence-types (ST) recovered from patients with nosocomial infections in two hospitals in Saint Petersburg. Whole-genome sequencing showed that eight of them harbored large...

The purpose of the meeting is to obtain an opinion on approaches and recommendations for vaccine prevention of pneumococcal infections in adults.

Selective pressure of beta-lactams is thought to be responsible for mutation selection in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). We used next-generation sequencing to compare the genomes of beta-lactamase-positive (SA0707) and -negative (SA0937) MSSA isolates with their derivatives obtained after selection with oxacillin, ceftaroline...

In recent years, the important role of disturbances in the intestinal microbiota and its possible correction in children with oncological and autoimmune diseases has been established. The aim of the article is to review the literature data on the issue and to describe own experience of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in children with an inte...

The article highlights the problem of improving the rational treatment of campylobacteriosis. Probiotics are present in treatment regimens along with antibiotics, which have the advantage that they do not violate intestinal microbiocenosis and provide the ability to correct dysbiotic conditions. As well as antimicrobial agents, probiotics have diff...

The threat of a pandemic of meningococcal infection, the severity of the disease and the unpredictability of outcomes necessitate monitoring of the characteristics of the disease course and the circulating serotypes of meningococcus. The purpose — to study the features of the clinical manifestations of meningococcal infection in children depending...

Glycopeptides are the basis of the treatment of infections caused by MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Previously, it was demonstrated that antibiotic tolerant phenotypes are formed during selection of resistance under the influence of high concentrations of antibiotics. The present study uses a similar in vitro selection model wi...

The species affiliation of respiratory pathogens isolated from patients and carriers in the military units of the Western Military District in 2014-2019 was studied. The analysis of long-term and seasonal dynamics of their circulation is carried out. It was found that S. pneumoniae and adenoviruses are more often detected in acute respiratory disea...

Rapid and cost‐efficient methods for diagnostics of infectious diseases can expedite prescription of adequate treatment, thus shortening the patients’ recovery and reducing adverse side effects. In this study, we developed a procedure for visual detection of bacterial pathogens Gram‐negative Neisseria meningitidis and Gram‐positive Streptococcus pn...

In this study, we identified the relationship between the genetic lineage of CA-MRSA ST22 from Russia and other regions. Sixty ST22 isolates were characterized through whole genome sequencing. For evaluating the phylogenetic relationships of Russian isolates with the global ST22 population, we analyzed 1283 genomes obtained from NCBI GenBank. The p...

Escherichia coli sequence type 31 isolate co-harbouring mcr-1 and blaNDM-1 genes on the plasmids of Incl2 and IncC groups, respectively was recovered from newborn with ventilator-associated pneumonia in Moscow, Russia. Convergence of polymyxin and carbapenem resistance and its expansion beyond Southeast Asia is a serious threat to human health.

Ever decreasing efficiency of antibiotic treatment due to growing antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is a critical issue in clinical practice. The two generally accepted major approaches to this problem are the search for new antibiotics and the development of antibiotic adjuvants to enhance the antimicrobial activity of known compounds....

Fifteen hypermucoviscous isolates (13 blaNDM-1-positive) obtained from 11 oncology patients were analyzed by whole genome sequencing, and selected isolates were assessed in a murine model of sepsis. ST395/K2 isolates harboring rmpA, rmpA2, peg-344, aerobactin, enterobactin, yersiniabactin, type I fimbriae, etc. displayed maximal virulence in the mo...

The problem of meningococcal infection remains relevant due to the high epidemiological and social significance throughout the world, the unpredictability of the course, a wide range of clinical manifestations (from asymptomatic carriage to extremely severe generalized forms) with a high risk of life-threatening conditions and deaths, and a signifi...

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as any other medical procedure, requires standardization of results, approaches, monitoring of its dynamics and microbiota engraftment evaluation. The aim of the present study was to compare efficiency and results of PCR and 16S RNA-based sequencing in order to trace the dynamics of microbiota composition aft...

The article presents a modern view of amoxicillin in the treatment of acute respiratory infections in children from point of view of a microbiologist and clinical pharmacologist. Modern microbiological methods have changed the idea of the microbiota of the respiratory tract, however, the etiology of acute bacterial infections of the respiratory tra...

The objective of this study was to clarify the intraspecies phylogenetic relationship between pneumococci strains from various geographical locations. Concatenated Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) sequences of six housekeeping genes were chosen for the phylogenetic tree construction. Trees, constructed for concatenated genes, revealed that there i...

Introduction. Strains of microorganisms resistant to antimicrobial agents are commonly found in medical units throughout most regions of the world, including Russia. This leads to lower antimicrobial therapy efficacy when treating nosocomial infections. In this regard, the timely implementation of adequate antibiotic therapy is of great importance....

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been recently approved by FDA for the treatment of refractory recurrent clostridial colitis (rCDI). Success of FTM in treatment of rCDI led to a number of studies investigating the effectiveness of its application in the other gastrointestinal diseases. However, in the majority of studies the...

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and clinical significance of an accelerated, method, for the identification of microorganisms in blood, cultures in children using real-time multiplex PCR.Materials and methods: A total of 72 blood, samples were obtained, from 62 children aged. 3 months to 16 years. The identification of the isolated culture...

De-colonization of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria due to fecal microbiota transplantation in allo-HSCT recipient in critical condition

Russia introduced PCV13 in 2014. We studied the serotype composition of S. pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynx of healthy children younger than 6 years in St. Petersburg, Smolensk, Perm, Krasnoyarsk, Khanty-Mansiysk and Khabarovsk, between 2016 and 2018. 2.4% of children had completed a 3-dose course of PCV13, while 25.6% had received 1 or 2 d...

The pathways in the development of ceftaroline resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates belonging to the ST8, ST239, and ST228 were evaluated. Ceftaroline-resistant derivatives were isolated through selection during 40 passages. Ceftaroline MIC measurements and whole-genome sequencing were performed after 5, 20, and...

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective method to treat malignancy and some solid tumors which may be accompanied by life-threatening immune and infectious complications refractory to standard immunosuppressive and antibacterial therapy. According to literature data, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may...

The problem of microbial antibiotic resistance and investigation of its underlying mechanisms is of paramount importance for all fields of clinical medicine, including oncology. The aim of the study was to examine the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance for major pathogens causing purulent-inflammatory complications in cancer patients. In 2012-2015...

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is now approved for the treatment of refractory recurrent clostridial colitis, but a number of studies are ongoing in inflammatory bowel diseases, i.e., Crohn's disease, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, and in other autoimmune conditions. In most cases, the effects of FMT are evaluated on patients w...

The aim of study was the evaluation of hetero-mutations in different time points during in vitro selection vancomycin resistance in S. aureus

Objective To determine the carriage and the serogroup distribution of Neisseria meningitidis in military academy applicants in the Russian Federation. Design This was a prospective, observational study of adults aged >18 years from a military academy; applicants who had samples taken on arrival (Day 1), and applicants who had samples taken after p...

Meningococcal infection (MI) is the most urgent problem of pediatrics due to the ubiquitous spread, persistent high incidence and severe course with high mortality, reaching 40–80% in certain forms. In recent years, there was a change in MI serogroup landscape, in particular, an increase in MI incidence of serogroups W and Y, characterized by polym...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains an important cause of serious infection, for which vancomycin is often recommended as the first-choice antibiotic treatment. Appropriate vancomycin prescribing requires accurate measurement of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to avoid treatment failure, and yet determination can be...

The burden of bacterial resistance was assessed for the first time in Russia. The analysis was based on the results of bacteriological studies in multi-field hospitals provided by the St. Petersburg Medical Information and analytical Center. The number of patients with infections caused by strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA); K. pneum...

Introduction . The overuse of antimicrobial agents, and poor adherence to infection control measures are leading factors in the development of bacterial resistance. Despite the existence of numerous guidelines for the management of patients with different sites of infections up to 50% of assignments of antimicrobial agents does not follow them. Aim...

Background. Ceftaroline is one of the first cephalosporins with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), it effectively binds to and inhibits penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a). However, isolates with decreased susceptibility to ceftaroline were reported before the commercial release of the antibiotic. The aim of thi...

Antibiotic overuse in infants is associated with an increased risk of serious adverse events. Development of antibiotic stewardship programs aimed at reducing overall antibiotic consumption requires epidemiological surveillance. Retrospective surveillance and evaluation of all antibiotics provided to every infant admitted to maternal wards or neona...

ST239-MRSA-III is probably the oldest truly pandemic MRSA strain, circulating in many countries since the 1970s. It is still frequently isolated in some parts of the world although it has been replaced by other MRSA strains in, e.g., most of Europe. Previous genotyping work (Harris et al., 2010; Castillo-Ramírez et al., 2012) suggested a split in g...

Pneumococcal infection remains one of the leading reasons for infant mortality from vaccine-preventable infections. Today vaccination is the most effective way to prevent diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant pneumococci. In the article, authors present current approaches to vaccinal prevention of pneumococcal diseases. The plan of action for car...

Complicated intra-abdominal infection (IAI) requires increased health care expenditures and additional resources to compensate for an ineffective starting therapy.Aim. To select the economically optimal algorithm for using antimicrobial agents (AMA) that would minimize the evolving drug-resistance of microbial flora exemplified by E. coli.Methods....

Objectives: To determine antibiotic susceptibility in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae collected in 2014-16 from Russia. Methods: MICs were determined by CLSI broth microdilution and susceptibility was assessed using CLSI, EUCAST and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. Results: A total of 279 S....

Aim: To assess economic efficiency of complicated intra-abdomibal infections treatment in real practice compared to alternative scenario (treatment with carbapenem Ertapanem) taking in to account E. coli resistance. Methods: Cost-effectiveness analysis were performed. Mathematic modelling was done to assess prognosis of bacterial resistance. Result...

The objective is to assess the economic efficiency of the current practice of complicated IAI (intra-abdominal infections) treatment with antibiotics compared to the strategy of the therapy with carbapenem without antipseudomonal activity (Ertapanem).Materials and methods. We analyzed the economic efficiency of the current practice of IAI treatment...

Objective. To select an optimal (in terms of influence on the antibiotic resistance level) and cost-effective structure of antibiotic consumption in a hospital in the management of patients with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis. Materials and Methods. Based on the literature data as well as a real practice of antibiotic administration, the cost o...

The following key issues of pneumococcal infection prophylaxis were discussed during the expert council: incidence rates of community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia and other pneumococcal infections, local epidemiological data, increases in antimicrobial resistance and pneumococcal serotypes substitution, current international and Russian clinical...

Objective of the research - to study etiological structure and antibiotic resistance of causative agents of acute purulent otitis media (APOM) in Krasnoyarsk children, and to study molecular epidemiological features of the main pathogen - Streptococcus pneumoniae. Study materials and methods: the study included 69 children enrolled in the hospital...