Selvaraj Jayaraman

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Professor (Full) at Saveetha Instittute of Medical and Technical Sciences

AIM: To assess the expression of IRS 1 values in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients and its association with histological grading, tumor staging, and habits. OBJECTIVE: To assess the expression of IRS1 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. To correlate IRS1 values with histological grading, tumor staging, habits, and overall surv...

The petrochemical industry and automobiles contribute significantly to hazardous waste, which contains a broad array of organic and inorganic compounds posing serious health risks. Identifying biomarkers of exposure and creating predictive models for toxicity characterization necessitate a thorough understanding of the underlying epigenetic mechani...

Aim Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits dysregulation of cell death pathways, including necroptosis. miR-140 closely regulates the pathogenesis of OSCC and also interferes with different steps of the necroptotic pathway. This study investigates the molecular interaction between platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA)-associated...

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by dysregulation of multiple cell signaling pathways, including the necroptotic pathway. Recently, the incidence of OSCC is increasing among the young population (below the age of 40 years). These patients exhibit differences in the pathobiological characteris tics and treatment respo...

Lifestyle modifications lead to a number of pathological conditions of which colorectal cancer (CRC) has a greater consideration as the number of cases is constantly increasing. As the lifestyle changes, there is a tremendous change in the food habits of people worldwide. Consumption of fatty foods in excess amounts is a growing trend among people....

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy globally. It is associated with genetic and lifestyle risk factors. Many chemotherapeutic agents are currently available for breast cancer. Despite their moderate efficacy in breast cancer therapy, many of these chemotherapeutic agents are associated with adverse effects. A few patients also have the poss...

The study was aimed at assessing the effects of Myricetin, a potent anti-cancer compound, targets the NRF2-Keap1 pathway in 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells, which is crucial in cancer progression, cell growth, and metastasis. Various assays have demonstrated myricetin's therapeutic potential. Antioxidant properties, confirmed by the DPPH assay, show dose-d...

Background: A major global health concern, oral cancer is becoming more common due to a combination of environmental and hereditary factors. Oral cancer is primarily caused by dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. As such, it is an important target for therapeutic interventio...

Camptothecin, a potent anti-cancer agent, exhibits significant activity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by targeting the gene expression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This pathway is crucial in cancer progression and cell proliferation. Camptothecin's effect on this pathway is elucidated through various assays and docking techniques. The DPP...

Diabetes mellitus, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from insulin deficiency or resistance, poses a significant global health challenge. With its increasing prevalence and substantial impact on morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, effective strategies for managing diabetes are urgently needed. Natural flavonoid such as...

This study investigates the anticancer potential of Pyrogallol, focusing on its effects on cell viability, cell culture, docking analysis, and anticancer activity through fold change measurements. Pyrogallol, a naturally occurring phenolic compound, exhibits significant biological activity, including anticancer properties. This research highlights...

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic agents. This study evaluates the cytotoxicity of Lumicolchicine (LMC) against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line using both in vitro and in silico methods, with a focus on angiogenic signaling pathways. The in vitro assessment i...

Breast cancer is a significant global health challenge, requiring continuous exploration of new treatments. Asarone, a bioactive compound from the Acorus genus, shows promising anticancer properties but its effects on breast cancer cells are underexplored. This study investigates asarone's anticancer potential against breast cancer cell lines using...

Verbascoside (VERB), a phenylethanoid-phenylpropanoid glycoside, has garnered significant interest due to its potential therapeutic effects, particularly its anticancer properties. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of VERB against A549 cells, a model of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our findin...

Chrysin, a natural flavonoid found in passionflower, honey, and propolis, is gaining attention for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This study evaluates chrysin's anticancer efficacy against HepG2 liver cancer cells. We assessed its antioxidant potential using DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assays, which revealed sig...

Background: Boswellic acid (BA) is a bioactive compound derived from Boswellia trees. This study aims to investigate the anti-cancer properties of BA against KB oral squamous cancer cells and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Escalating doses of BA were administered to KB cells, and various analyses were conducted using bioinformatic...

Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent oral cancers in the world. The major etiological factors are considered to be tobacco and alcohol. However, the etiological factors for non-habit associated oral squamous cell carcinoma (NHOSCC) remains an enigma. So we focused in assessing various etiological factors like...

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases and is often detected at advanced stages, limiting treatment options and adversely affecting patient outcomes. Recognized by the WHO as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, NSCLC necessitates improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Aloe-emodin (AE)...

Objectives: Tobacco use remains a leading cause of preventable diseases, adversely impacting numerous physiological processes, including vitamin metabolism. Vitamin B12 deficiency, essential for cellular function and DNA synthesis, is particularly concerning in smokers due to their exposure to harmful tobacco constituents. This research examines th...

Objectives: Mental health status profoundly influences an individual's core being, affecting thought processes, perceptions and consciousness. Increased cortisol secretion under stressful situations can impair brain function and overall health. Smoking, often perceived as a coping mechanism for stress, may exacerbate stress and mental health deteri...

Objectives: Background: Cigarette smoking significantly impacts sleep quality by altering neurochemical pathways. Nicotine, an agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, stimulates the release of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, which can hinder the initiation and maintenance of sleep. This study focuses on the kynurenine pathway, where n...

Objectives: Cigarette smoking significantly impacts sleep quality by altering neurochemical pathways. Nicotine, an agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, stimulates the release of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, which can hinder the initiation and maintenance of sleep. This study focuses on the kynurenine pathway, where nicotine-indu...

Objectives: Tobacco use remains a leading cause of preventable diseases, adversely impacting numerous physiological processes, including vitamin metabolism. Vitamin B12 deficiency, essential for cellular function and DNA synthesis, is particularly concerning in smokers due to their exposure to harmful tobacco constituents. This research examines th...

Objectives: Mental health status profoundly influences an individual's core being, affecting thought processes, perceptions and consciousness. Increased cortisol secretion under stressful situations can impair brain function and overall health. Smoking, often perceived as a coping mechanism for stress, may exacerbate stress and mental health deteri...

Objective: This study explores the role of MALAT1 as a valuable target for creating minimally-invasive diagnostic methods and personalized treatments in the management of OSCC. It focuses on evaluating the role of exosomal MALAT1 in the progression of dysplasia to OSCC by influencing the PI3K/AKT pathway. Method: This cross-sectional study evaluate...

Breast cancer remains a major global health concern, ranking among the leading causes of illness and mortality in women worldwide. Despite the effectiveness of conventional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), endocrine therapy (ET), radiation therapy (RT), and targeted therapies, these approaches often fall short in providing a cure for...

Historically, plant derived natural products and their crude extracts have been used to treat a wide range of ailments across the world. Biogerontology research aims to explore the molecular basis of aging and discover new anti-aging therapeutic compounds or formulations to combat the detrimental effects of aging and promote a healthy life span. Th...

Background: Cancer associated fibroblasts are heterogenous activated fibroblasts that form the central component of the tumor microenvironment. These cells influence the behavior of the tumor by activating various signaling pathways and initiating epithelial mesenchymal transition. CAFs have been reported in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), ho...

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. Timely diagnosis is critical for improving patient outcomes; however, diagnostic delays remain a concern. Understanding the factors that contribute to these delays is essential for developing effective interventions. This cross-sectio...

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) holds a significant position globally among cancer types. Alkaloids, which are natural compounds containing nitrogen atoms, are found in various plant sources and play a crucial role in anti-cancer activity, offering potential therapeutic applications. They are classified by their chemical structure into categorie...

Background Oral cancer presents a significant global health challenge, driving ongoing research to enhance diagnostics and treatments. MicroRNAs, particularly miRNA99a, have emerged as key players in oral cancer's initiation, progression, and advanced development. However, their precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We analyze miRNA99a in mo...

Background Oral mucositis (OM) is an acute debilitating side effects of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Salivary biomarkers are noninvasive and aid in early diagnosis and disease prevention. Objective This study analyzed Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and Bax as potential biomarkers in CRT-induced OM in HNC patients. Methods Forty-...

Background and objective Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a common and potentially malignant disorder with a high risk of malignant transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Tumor budding is a scattered pattern of invasion and is related to the aggressive behavior of malignant tumors, increased depth of invasion, higher clinical stagi...

Introduction Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare aggressive variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with a high propensity for distant metastasis. In this article, we present clinicopathological and survival data of eight cases of BSCC and further analyse the behaviour of these tumours with the help of E-cadherin, CD34, CD105 a...

Neurodegenerative disorders are on the rise globally. β-Sitosterol shows potential therapeutic benefits, but its neuroprotective mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to assess the neuroprotective effects of β-Sitosterol on pro-inflammatory (NFκB) and antioxidant (NRF-2/KEAP-1) pathways in an in vivo in LPS-induced neurodegeneratio...

Sitosterol is a phytosterol which is universally present in most of the plant seeds and nuts. Its anti-inflammatory property has been studied in vitro in cell line studies and some in vivo studies have also been conducted but few studies have been done to establish its antioxidant property. In this study, we have attempted to explore the antioxidan...

Introduction Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are abnormally altered tissues that could potentially develop into oral cancer. From the literature, it is understandable that not all OPMDs develop into oral cancer. Hence, it is essential to identify the high-risk lesions that are more likely to develop into oral cancer. Lipid peroxidase (L...

IntroductIon Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide. 1 Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common histological subtype of head and neck cancer which accounts for 95% of all cases. 2,3 Even though the five-year survival rate has surged to 65%, diagnosis at an advanced stage leads to a f...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health challenge, with its prevalence steadily increasing. Natural compounds derived from plants have garnered attention for their potential therapeutic effects in managing this metabolic disorder. Camellia sinensis, commonly known as tea, is rich in bioactive compounds exhibiting vari...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that is now potentially lethal and has a significant detrimental influence on people's daily lives by affecting bone joints. Inflammation plays a vital role in this type of autoimmune disorder. In rheumatoid arthritis, long-term production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor...

This book chapter delves into the multifaceted exploration of biotechnologically enhanced medicinal plants for allergy treatment. The introductory section provides an overview of common allergy medications and their associated side effects, setting the stage for the subsequent discussions. A comprehensive analysis of secondary metabolites derived f...

Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of mortality every year worldwide. CVD health is influenced by various health factors, such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and glucose control. The main risk factors include smoking, physical activity, food intake, and body mass index. Around 90% of CVDs could be prevented by contr...

Bioactive phytocompounds are crucial components in all plants. Since the time of traditional medicine, the utilization of plants has been grounded in the potential of these bioactive compounds to treat or manage specific illnesses. These natural bioactive compounds have sparked growing interest in employing medicinal plants for addressing various c...

Argyreia nervosa, commonly known as Hawaiian baby woodrose or wooly morning glory, is a plant native to India and is also found in various parts of the world. It is known for its seeds, which have been used traditionally in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine systems for various diseases. The study was aimed at assessing the effect of Argyreia nervo...

Background: Diosmin is a natural compound with a wide range of biological activity, e.g., it improves lymphatic drainage, supports microcirculation, and increases venous tone, and venous elasticity, hence, it is applied in the pharmacotherapy of chronic venous disorders (CVD). This work aims to analyze the effect of diosmin on mTOR and Akt-signalin...

Myristica fragrans (mace) and Cinnamomum verum are traditional medicinal plants which are used as spices in flavouring of food. They exhibit various medicinal properties. Diabetes is a condition that impairs the body’s ability to process blood sugar levels. Anti-diabetic drugs are used to stabilize and control blood glucose levels. From the study,...

Glyphosate, a widely used herbicide, has gained popularity due to its broad-spectrum effects and use in genetically modified, glyphosate-resistant crops. Recent data, however, points to possible adverse effects of glyphosate and herbicides based on glyphosate, such as genotoxic and cytotoxic effects, elevated stress levels, disturbance of the hormo...

Glyphosate is used as an herbicide in agriculture. At sub-agriculture concentrations, glyphosate-based herbicide inhibits cell proliferation. Glyphosate is a chelating agent that interferes with the metabolic activities in plants thereby adversely affecting its metabolism. The study aimed to determine the glyphosate-induced detrimental changes in S...

Myristica fragrans is commonly named as nutmeg or mace. It is native to Moluccas of Indonesia. It is used in folk medicine. Phytochemicals present in the plant are responsible for the medicinal properties of the plant. Antioxidants neutralise the free radicals that are produced in our body due to various biochemical reactions .Gout is a clinical co...

Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide and the active ingredient in Monsanto's Roundup, among other herbicide formulations. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (tocopherol) are both antioxidants that play important roles in reducing oxidative DNA damage and protecting cells from the harmful effects of free radicals. The study aimed to analyse th...

Illicium Verum commonly called star anise, which is indigenous to northeast Vietnam and Southwest China. Illicium verum is one of the vital ingredients of Chinese medicinal herbs. Principal component (Trans-anethol) exhibits antimicrobial activity such as antiviral, anti-bacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic activities. Cholesterol, a waxy or fat...

Metabolic inflammation is an essential event in obesity-induced diabetes and insulin resistance. An extract of the active phenolic component of black pepper (Piper nigrum), piperine, is well known to provide beneficial physiological effects. This study aims to assess the regulation of inflammatory signalling molecules in adipose tissue by Piperine...

Claustrophobia is a form of anxiety that is caused due to the fear of closed spaces. The person will be psychologically affected because of it. Claustrophobia can be analyzed with the help of Agoraphobia. Agoraphobia means getting fear of what would happen to them in public places. Claustrophobia will cause severe breathing difficulties as well. Th...

Illicium verum is a dark-coloured spice found in tropical areas of Asia. It is known for its medicinal value, flavoring properties and cosmetic properties. It helps in dispelling cold and relieving pain. Gout is a form of arthritis that is characterized by severe pain, redness and tenderness of joints. This is due to accumulation of uric acid cryst...

The word atherosclerosis consists of two parts: atherosis (accumulation of fats accompanied by several macrophages) and sclerosis (fibrosis layer comprising smooth muscle cells. The presence of hyperlipaemia is the major risk issue factor for coronary artery disease. In 2016 advances in atherosclerosis research were focused on the discovery and val...

Phytochemicals are secondary metabolites which act as antioxidants and possess various protective role.Alpha Amylase and Alpha Glucosidase enzymes catalyse hydrolysis of starch to simple sugars. Abelmoschus esculentus is a flowering plant of the Malvaceae family and is valued for its green seed pods. It naturally possesses anti-diabetic property, a...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are manmade chemicals which are highly reactive and cause disorders such as diabetes, and cancer and conditions such as breathing difficulties etc., It is endocrine receptors and environmental pollutants. IL1-β and TNF-α are pro-inflammatory markers. Vitamin C and E are antioxidants that have therapeutic effects on...

Glyphosate, a commonly used herbicide in agricultural and residential settings, has sparked concerns regarding its potential health impacts. Despite numerous studies exploring potential associations between glyphosate exposure and diabetes, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (...

Chronic Rhino Sinusitis (CRS) is one of the most prevalent chronic illnesses affecting people of all ages. The various etiological causes and challenging diagnostic techniques have a role in misdiagnosis and severity of sinusitis. There is no typical sinusitis therapy. There are many new and developing treatments, both natural and developed, and st...

Lupeol has anti- inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-protozoal, anti-proliferative, anti-invasion, anti-angiogenic and cholesterol-lowering properties. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of lupeol on neuroinflammatory signalling molecules have not yet been identified. The study was designed to study the effect of lupeol on the expression o...

Background Heliotropium bacciferum, often known as wild heliotrope or wild quailplant, is a flowering plant from the borage family. This study examines the anti-metastatic impact of H. bacciferum on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and its ability to disrupt signaling pathways. Aim To explore the anti-metastatic effect of H....