Scott Thiebes

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology | KIT · Institute of Applied Informatics and Formal Description Methods

The sharing of sensitive data increasingly poses privacy risks not only to the disclosing individuals, but also to their families and friends. Genetic data sharing is a prime example of the tensions between personal and interdependent privacy risks and benefits that individuals must trade off when making disclosure decisions. Surprisingly, extant r...

Zusammenfassung Die Digitale Transformation (DT) verändert Organisationen und die Arbeitswelten von Mitarbeitenden fundamental und in praktisch allen Branchen. Zusammenfassend deuten aktuelle Studien darauf hin, dass die DT und ihre Auswirkungen einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Wahrnehmungen der Arbeitnehmenden haben. Es fehlt jedoch ein umfassen...

Recent research differentiates digital transformation from former transformations by the concept of value proposition. However, with this distinction, it remains unclear, particularly in knowledge- intensive sectors such as healthcare, how the core value-defining activities change and when they are considered extended or changed. As it is expected...

Following the success of the Bitcoin blockchain, distributed ledger technology (DLT) has received extensive attention in health informatics research. Yet, the healthcare industry is highly complex with many different stakeholders, information systems, regulations, and challenges. Thus, DLT may be used in various settings and for different purposes....

This minitrack, for the second time, deepens understanding of data sharing, data ecosystems, data platforms, data spaces, data hubs, and repositories. It emphasizes diverse perspectives, covering technical, organizational, social, and regulatory aspects, and examines multiple levels, including system, individual, community, and societal dimensions....

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are often complex and require additional explanations for use in high-stakes decision-making contexts like healthcare. To this end, explainable AI (XAI) developers must evaluate their explanations with domain experts to ensure understandability. As these evaluations are tedious and repetitive, we look at gamifica...

Background Recent advances in hardware and software enabled the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for analysis of complex data in a wide range of daily-life use cases. We aim to explore the benefits of applying AI to a specific use case in transplant nephrology: risk prediction for severe posttransplant events. For the first time, we c...

Researchers increasingly turn to explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to analyze omics data and gain insights into the underlying biological processes. Yet, given the interdisciplinary nature of the field, many findings have only been shared in their respective research community. An overview of XAI for omics data is needed to highlight promis...

Combining domain knowledge (DK) and machine learning is a recent research stream to overcome multiple issues like limited explainability, lack of data, and insufficient robustness. Most approaches applying informed machine learning (IML), however, are customized to solve one specific problem. This study analyzes the status of IML in medicine by con...

BACKGROUND Recent advances in hardware and software enabled the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for analysis of complex data in a wide range of daily-life use cases. We aim to explore the benefits of applying AI to a specific use case in transplant nephrology: risk prediction for severe posttransplant events. For the first time, we c...

Existing research on data valuation in federated and swarm learning focuses on valuing client contributions and works best when data across clients is independent and identically distributed (IID). In practice, data is rarely distributed IID. We develop an approach called DDVal for decentralized data valuation, capable of valuing individual data po...

Gamification refers to the use of game design elements in non-game contexts to evoke both instrumental and experiential outcomes within users. Although narratives are an integral part of most video games, little academic attention has been paid toward narratives as part of gamification design. In this research, we investigate two distinct aspects o...

Multiorganizational, multistakeholder (MO-MS) collaborations that may span organizational and national boundaries, present design challenges beyond those of smaller-scale collaborations. This study opens an exploratory research stream to discover and document design concerns for MO-MS collaboration systems beyond those of the single-task collaborat...

This minitrack provides a venue for all work (qualitative, quantitative, computational, and design) in relation to better understanding health data platforms, data repositories, data sharing, data governance, and ecosystems. It highlights various perspectives, including technical, organizational, social, and regulatory ones and considers multiple l...

Mindfulness practices are valuable exercises for physical and mental health. Various digital applications exist that support individuals in practicing mindfulness. Following the trend of gamifying utilitarian systems, many mindfulness applications (MAs) incorporate game design elements (GDEs). However, little is known about users' GDE preferences i...

To improve contemporary machine learning (ML) models, research is increasingly looking at tapping in and incorporating the knowledge of domain experts. However, expert knowledge often relies on intuition, which is difficult to formalize for incorporation into ML models. Against this backdrop, we investigate the role of intuition in the context of e...

Digital transformation continues to profoundly impact employees in organizations in many industries. While past research has extensively investigated the impact of digital transformation on organizations, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the factors that are relevant to examine how employees perceive digital transformation and its eff...

Zusammenfassung Das Training von Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)-Modellen, die auf maschinellem Lernen (ML) beruhen, erfordert eine große Menge qualitativ hochwertiger Daten. Besonders im Gesundheitswesen mit seinen hochsensiblen Daten und hohen Anforderungen an den Datenschutz besitzen einzelne Akteur:innen oft jedoch nicht ausreichend hochwertige Dat...

Background: With direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing enabling self-responsible access to novel information on ancestry, traits, or health, consumers often turn to social media for assistance and discussion. YouTube, the largest social media platform for videos, offers an abundance of DTC genetic testing–related videos. Nevertheless, user disco...

This document provides supplementary information for the paper “Be Mindful of User Preferences: An Explorative Study on Game Design Elements in Mindfulness Applications” submitted to HICSS-56.

This document provides supplementary material for the article "Understanding the Role of Expert Intuition in Medical Image Annotation: A Cognitive Task Analysis Approach" accepted at HICSS-56.

Although consumers and experts often express concerns regarding the questionable business practices of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing services (e.g., reselling of consumers' genetic data), the DTC genetic testing market keeps expanding rapidly. We employ retail fairness as our theoretical lens to address this seeming paradox and conduct a...

Zusammenfassung Der DigitalPakt Schule soll das deutsche Bildungswesen flächendeckend modernisieren, zeigt jedoch bisher Anlaufschwierigkeiten. Die bereitgestellten Fördermittel werden zögerlich abgerufen und die Kritiker:innen des Programms werden immer lauter. Diese Arbeit setzt genau an diesem Punkt an und diskutiert Ursachen und Einflüsse, die...

Poorly annotated data is a common problem for data-intensive applications like supervised machine learning. In domains like healthcare, annotation tasks require specific domain knowledge and are thus often done manually by experts, which is error-prone, time-intensive, and tedious. In this study, we investigate gamification as a means to foster ann...

Objective Rising interests in distributed ledger technology (DLT) and genomics have sparked various interdisciplinary research streams with a proliferating number of scattered publications investigating the application of DLT in genomics. This review aims to uncover the current state of research on DLT in genomics, in terms of focal research themes...

Federated learning (FL) has received high interest from researchers and practitioners to train machine learning (ML) models for healthcare. Ensuring the trustworthiness of these models is essential. Especially bias, defined as a disparity in the model's predictive performance across different subgroups, may cause unfairness against specific subgrou...

BACKGROUND With direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing allowing consumers self-responsible access to novel information on their ancestry, traits, or health, consumers often turn to social media for assistance and discussion. While YouTube, the largest social media platform for videos, offers an abundance of DTC genetic testing-related videos, use...

Converging hedonic and utilitarian elements under the label of gamification has become an important phenomenon in information systems over the last decade. Yet, academic discourse on narratives in gamified IS remains scarce. To advance scholarly engagement, this study recontextualizes the concept of narratives for gamified IS. Based on the theoreti...

Continuous service certification (CSC) recently emerged as a promising means to provide ongoing assurances and disrupt pertinent certification approaches. CSC involves the consistent gathering and assessing of certification-relevant data by certification authorities about service operation to validate ongoing adherence to certification criteria. Wh...

Trust transfer is a promising perspective on prevalent discussions about trust in AI-capable technologies. However, the convergence of AI with other technologies challenges existing theoretical assumptions. First, it remains unanswered whether both trust in AI and the base technology is necessary for trust transfer. Second, a nu-anced view on trust...

Contemporary research focuses on examining trustworthy AI but neglects to consider trust transfer processes, proposing that users' established trust in a familiar source (e.g., a technology or person) may transfer to a novel target. We argue that such trust transfer processes also occur in the case of novel AI-capable technologies, as they are the...

Background: In health care, the use of game-based interventions to increase motivation, engagement, and overall sustainability of health behaviors is steadily becoming more common. The most prevalent types of game-based interventions in health care research are gamification and serious games. Various researchers have discussed substantial conceptua...

Catchword Article: Classification and Research Directions

BACKGROUND In healthcare, using game-based intervention approaches to increase motivation, engagement, and overall sustainability of health behaviors is steadily becoming more common. The most prevailing approaches for such game-based interventions in healthcare research are gamification and serious games. Various researchers have discussed substan...

To combat the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries around the globe have adopted digital contact tracing apps. Various technologies exist to trace contacts that are potentially prone to different types of tracing errors. Here, we study the impact of different proximity detection ranges on the effectiveness and efficiency of digital contact tracing app...

Collecting data from many sources is an essential approach to generate large data sets required for the training of machine learning models. Trustworthy machine learning requires incentives, guarantees of data quality, and information privacy. Applying recent advancements in data valuation methods for machine learning can help to enable these. In t...

Dienste wie Facebook, Twitter, Instagram oder Snapchat sind für viele, insbesondere junge Menschen, nicht mehr aus ihrem alltäglichen Leben wegzudenken. Wir leben in einer Zeit, die durch das Internet und Social Media geprägt und in der die Offenlegung von persönlichen Informationen im Internet ein zunehmender Teil des modernen Lebens geworden ist....

The adoption of artificial intelligence promises tremendous economic benefits for organizations. Yet, many organizations struggle to unlock the full potential of this technology. To ease the adoption of artificial intelligence for organizations, several cloud providers have begun offering artificial intelligence as a service (AIaaS). Extant researc...

Gamification is increasingly utilized in information systems to afford positive experiences that are typically perceived from playing games. Despite potential benefits, gamification projects have shown to be prone for failure which may lead to severe harmful effects for its users. In traditional software projects, project managers try to mitigate f...

Label quality is an important and common problem in contemporary supervised machine learning research. Mislabeled instances in a data set might not only impact the performance of machine learning models negatively but also make it more difficult to explain, and thus trust, the predictions of those models. While extant research has especially focuse...

To combat the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have adopted digital contact tracing apps. Various technologies exist to trace contacts that are potentially prone to different types of tracing errors. Here, we study the impact of different proximity detection ranges on the effectiveness and efficiency of digital contact tracing apps. Furthermore, w...

To foster ambitious goal setting, mHealth app developers increasingly implement social comparison features such as leaderboards. However, extant research does not sufficiently look at affective consequences of such features and their impact on goal- setting behavior. We focus on two aspects of social comparison to better address this issue: (1) the...

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, numerous health-related mobile applications implement gamification in an attempt to draw on the motivational potential of video games and thereby increase user engagement or foster certain health behaviors. However, research on effective gamification is still in its infancy and researchers increasingly recognize methodologica...

Artificial intelligence (AI) brings forth many opportunities to contribute to the wellbeing of individuals and the advancement of economies and societies, but also a variety of novel ethical, legal, social, and technological challenges. Trustworthy AI (TAI) bases on the idea that trust builds the foundation of societies, economies, and sustainable...

Cloud computing promises essential improvements in healthcare delivery performance. However, its wide adoption in healthcare is yet to be seen, one main reason being patients’ concerns for security and privacy of their sensitive medical records. These concerns can be addressed through corresponding security and privacy requirements within the syste...

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, numerous health-related mobile applications implement gamification in an attempt to draw on the motivational potential of video games and thereby increase user engagement or foster certain health behaviors. However, research on effective gamification is still in its infancy and researchers increasingly recognize methodologica...

Developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) currently lead to lively debates in academia and practice. AI processes data to perform tasks that were previously thought possible only for humans. DLT has the potential to create consensus over data among a group of participants in uncertain environments. In rece...

Developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) currently lead lively debates in academia and practice. AI processes data to perform tasks that were previously thought possible only for humans to perform. DLT acts in uncertain environments to create consensus over data among a group of participants. In recent ar...

Background: Recent progress in genome data collection and analysis technologies has led to a surge of direct-to-consumer genetic testing services. Due to the clinical value and sensitivity of genomic data, as well as uncertainty and hearsay surrounding business practices of direct-to-consumer genetic testing service providers, direct-to-consumer ge...

During the past decade, distributed ledger technology (DLT) has found its way into application areas outside finance, such as supply chain management, the Internet of Things, or health care. To this end, this novel technology phenomenon has recently also caught the attention of researchers and practitioners in genomics. Although various DLT-based d...

Gamification is increasingly being recognized as a tool to support a change in individuals’ health behaviors. However, how and under which circumstances gamification is able to support health behavior change is still largely unexplored. This study follows the call for more theory-driven research on gamification by investigating the role of gamifica...

Over the last decades, physical inactivity has become one of the leading health risk factors in modern societies. To incentivize people to be more physically active, gamified health behavior change support systems (HBCSSs) are a promising approach. These systems often make use of gamification to keep their users engaged over a sustained period of t...

Notwithstanding the personal and societal benefits of genetic testing, the sharing of genetic such information is always also accompanied by privacy risks. Owing to the kinship property of genetic information, the decision of sharing one’s genetic information with a third party has the potential to not only infringe the privacy of those who activel...

A concept for distributed gene-drug interaction data sharing based on Ethereum Smart Contracts. The data is stored in a map with, both, keys and values utilizing a mixed-radix integer encoding that relies on the finiteness of the domains of given genes, drugs, and interactions. Thus, we get random access and, further, data queries are reduced to ch...

Health care is undergoing a big data revolution, with vast amounts of information supplied from numerous sources, leading to major paradigm shifts including precision medicine and AI-driven health care among others. Yet, there still exist significant barriers before such approaches could be adopted in practice, including data integration and intero...

Health care is undergoing a big data revolution, with vast amounts of information supplied from numerous sources, leading to major paradigm shifts including precision medicine and AI driven healthcare among others. Yet, there still exist significant barriers before such approaches could be adopted in practice, including data integration and interop...

Organizations highly depend on enterprise systems (ES), which are unlikely to develop their full potential if end-users neglect system usage. Accordingly, organizations attempt to overcome barriers to end-user acceptance in the ES context, which can be attributed to several factors on ES, organizational, and end-user level. Trying to take advantage...

BACKGROUND Recent progress in genome data collection and analysis technologies has led to a surge of direct-to-consumer genetic testing services. Due to the clinical value and sensitivity of genomic data, as well as uncertainty and hearsay surrounding business practices of direct-to-consumer genetic testing service providers, direct-to-consumer gen...

Gamification has become a popular and promising tool to positively impact the usage of health behavior change support systems (HBCSSs). Fun and engaging components are purposefully integrated in the design of HBCSSs in an effort to encourage users to employ the system in a more regular manner or over a longer period of time. Although extant researc...

Background: The massive amounts of data from next generation sequencing (NGS) methods pose various challenges with respect to data security, storage and metadata management. While there is a broad range of data analysis pipelines, these challenges remain largely unaddressed to date. Results: We describe the integration of the open-source metadata...

Gamification of mHealth apps is regarded as a promising approach to counteract decreasing long- term motivation of mHealth app users. Although gamification has received tremendous attention from researchers interested in mHealth apps, little is known about the extent to which gamification is used in real world mHealth apps today and whether the imp...

Much Collaboration Engineering research focuses on collaboration systems for teams of five to fifty members. That research can also inform large-scale multi-organizational multi-stakeholder (MO-MS) collaborations such as disaster relief, joint ventures, and healthcare. These larger contexts, though, present design concerns beyond those for smaller...

Researchers and practitioners alike increasingly recognize gamification as a potential tool to evoke desired behaviours in patients, healthcare professionals, and healthy end-users aiming to live a healthier lifestyle. Thus, the number of scientific publications in healthcare gamification is rapidly increasing and due to the interdisciplinary natur...

Real-time Delphi is an information technology-enabled extension of the popular Delphi method. While Real-time Delphi is acknowledged to decrease study durations and panel attrition by employing information technology to engage participants in an asynchronous fashion, its broad adoption in the information systems community has yet to be seen. Given...

Background: Cloud computing is an innovative paradigm that provides users with on-demand access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources such as servers, storage, and applications. Researchers claim that information technology (IT) services delivered via the cloud computing paradigm (ie, cloud computing services) provide major benefits...

Gamification is a promising approach to tackle users’ infrequent and decreasing use of health apps. For this purpose, extant research provides developers of health apps with a vast number of different game elements. By abstracting from the implementation of single game elements and choosing a more holistic approach to gamification concepts, we iter...

Die dynamische Zertifizierung befindet sich noch in ihrem Anfangsstadium. Um herauszufinden, welche Methodiken und Techniken zur (teil-) automatisierten Überwachung und Auditierung genutzt werden können, haben wir ein umfangreiches Literaturreview durchgeführt. In diesem Kapitel werden sechs Cluster vorgestellt, welche unterschiedliche Methodiken u...

Reasons for individuals to (not) share their genomic data with human genomic research remain largely unexplored. We employ privacy calculus as our theoretical lens and conduct a ranking-type Delphi study among genomic data donors, genomics professionals, and health privacy experts to elicit 19 motivating and 17 discouraging factors that influence i...