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Publications
Publications (38)
Since 2008, U.S. newspaper jobs have been cut 51%, forcing journalists to seek new jobs and possibly careers. This study examined how journalists who lost their newspaper jobs (N = 306) navigated the emotional and physical toll of unemployment and adjusted to new work norms. Furthermore, this article examined how displaced journalists managed after...
Modeled on the “New Beats: A study of Australian Journalism Redundancies” project (2014–17), the purpose of this study was to gather data to examine how forced career change among U.S. newspaper journalists has affected their employment, professional identities, financial situations and perceptions of newspaper journalism. Drawing from a sample of...
A survey of journalists in the United States (N = 1181) finds that job satisfaction during the era of digital disruption varies across job titles. Previous studies have examined job satisfaction of these job titles individually, but this study compares job satisfaction among four primary occupations in the newspaper newsroom. Desk workers demonstra...
The purpose of this study was to examine newspaper sports journalists’ perceptions of their quality of work in light of possible burnout, work overload, job satisfaction, and organizational support. Conservation of resource theory tells us that workers will acquire and retain valued resources, so they can tap into those reserves in times of stress...
Journalism’s Lost Generation discusses how the changes in the industry not only indicate a newspaper crisis, but also a crisis of local communities, a loss of professional skills, and a void in institutional and community knowledge emanating from newsrooms. Reinardy’s thorough and opinionated take on the transition seen in newspaper newsrooms is co...
In The Essentials of Sports Reporting and Writing, authors Scott Reinardy and Wayne Wanta employ their own professional experience as sports writers and editors to give students a useful and practical view of the sports writing profession. The text is divided into readily digestible sections, covering essential topics such as types of stories; back...
Studies indicate that U.S. television newsrooms are booming with increases in staff size, news content and profitability. In light of the changes, a survey of 887 examines burnout levels of television journalists, and their workload and perceived organizational support. Results indicate that TV news workers are experiencing average rates of burnout...
Lewin’s (1947) organizational development theory says thatafter an organization reorganizes and downsizes, it “refreezes” to pre-change comfort levels. This study of 2,159 newspaper layoff survivors indicates they perceive that refreezing at this time would be problematicbecause it would result in a journalism of mediocrity, more focused onquantity...
Self-determination theory says intrinsic and extrinsic motivations influence our goal-oriented behavior and determine satisfaction. For TV news workers, those motivations include deadlines, breaking news, multiple-screen obligations, competition, and the desire to produce quality journalism each day. In this study of nearly 900 broadcasters, those...
By the nature of the work, television news workers face a time famine: too much to do in too little time. The famine has been compounded in recent years as local newsrooms produce content for two-screen and three-screen audiences. Chaos theory says that even during chaotic times there are constants, such as deadlines and breaking news obligations....
For nearly ninety years, journalism professionals and academics have attempted to develop standards by which to prepare college students for the media industry. For nearly 70 years, the Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications (ACEJMC) has assessed programs based on its standards. This study surveyed administers of ACE...
A survey of newspaper layoff survivors shows that journalists with depleted trust, morale and job satisfaction are experiencing significant degrees of burnout and intend to leave newspapers. Also, journalists with low perception of job quality show signs of burnout.
The purpose of this study was to examine the persuasive elements of the State of Minnesota Target Market anti-tobacco campaign using rhetorical analysis. Since the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement with the tobacco companies, millions of tobacco company dollars have been provided to state and national anti-tobacco campaigns. The Minnesota-based anti...
Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, this study determined that about 75% of 272 U.S. television sportscasters were not experiencing a great deal of burnout. However, they did indicate that job demands, role overload and work-family conflict were predictors of burnout’s exhaustion variable. Conservation of Resources theory suggests...
A nationwide survey of newspaper journalists found that coping control, perceptions of job quality and job security and organizational commitment are significant, positive predictors of job satisfaction.
Hobfoll's (1989) conservation of resources theory contends that individuals work to gain and defend valued resources. During difficult times, workers will tap into reserves to ward off stress. This study examines job satisfaction among more than 2,000 newspaper layoff survivors and the resources of organizational trust, morale, perceived job qualit...
Using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, a study of 185 college newspaper editors revealed that participants were experiencing moderate levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, two key factors in clinical burnout. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were significant negative predictors of editors' job satisfaction while personal acc...
A study of newspaper photojournalists indicates the perception of personal responsibility to learn multimedia skills is related to a photojournalist's perception of work quality, suggesting those who are dedicated to learning new skills also are dedicated to producing high-quality work. Survey results indicate little is being done proactively at ne...
The three-component Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was implemented to examine burnout among newspaper journalists (N = 770). With a moderate rate of exhaustion, a high rate of cynicism and a moderate rate of professional efficacy, journalists demonstrate higher rates of burnout than presented in previous work. Additionally, journalists ex...
This study indicates that TV sportscasters (N = 272) are extremely satisfied in their jobs. Perceived organizational support and management's commitment to local sports coverage contributed to that satisfaction. Work-family conflict, role overload and job demands had little influence on sportscasters' dissatisfaction. Market size, airtime allowed a...
Interviews with U.S. newspaper journalists reveal that along with online initatives, newsroooms are experiencing organizational transformation. Young journalists are driving it and have adopted the online initiatives as older journalists continue to struggle.
A survey (N = 715) examined organizational and life issues that affect overall job satisfaction of daily newspaper journalists. The Herzberg motivational-hygiene theory is used to examine motivational (perceived organizational support, social support) and hygiene factors (work–family conflict, role overload, job demands) that affect overall job sat...
Research on the Willingness to Self-Censor (WTSC) scale posits that the desire to withhold one's opinion is an intrinsic, as opposed to situational, trait. This study of high school media advisers (N=563) revealed that advisers who rated high on WTSC were more likely to state lower levels of comfort with the coverage of five controversial topic are...
A survey of 715 U.S. newspaper journalists reveals women report higher levels of exhaustion and lower levels of professional efficacy than do men. Among women 27 and younger, 30 percent say they intend to leave the field.
Sports journalism is hot. Not just ordinary cool hot, but to steal a phrase from ESPN’s Dan Patrick, en fuego.
A 2007 Penn State University study reported that of 384 universities more than 40% offer at least one sports media-related course. At that time, 14 universities offered a minor, certificate, emphasis or a full program in sports media (Hard...
Using the three-component Maslach Burnout Inventory (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment), results indicate that high school journalism advisers (N = 563) are not experiencing burnout on any level. Journalism advisers are not experiencing high levels of wear and tear from the job, they enjoy working closely with their s...
Although the editors suffer moderate rates of burnout in terms of exhaustion and cynicism, they demonstrate high levels of professional effectiveness. Generally, they do not suffer high rates of burnout.
This text covers the full experience of sports writing. Authors Wayne Wanta and Scott Reinardy approach the topic using their own professional experience as sports writers and editors to give students a realistic view of the sports writing profession. After the overview and introduction to sports journalism, the authors move into the stages of arti...
A survey (n = 212) of broadcast and print journalism students at a large Midwestern university compared ethical perceptions of introductory journalism students to graduating students. Results generally indicate that introductory students appear more ethically grounded than graduating students, who through practical newsroom experience were able to...
Typescript. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-216).
A survey (N = 184) and interviews examine issues that influence job satisfaction among newspaper sports editors. The results indicate that perceived organizational support has a strong, positive correlation to job satisfaction, while work-family conflict and role overload have a negative influence. The interviews indicate that sports editors do not...
A survey (N = 236) of newspaper sports journalists utilized the Maslach Burnout Inventory to examine burnout of sports editors, sports writers, and desk personnel (copy editors and page designers). Overall, sports journalists suffer moderate rates of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and have a high rate of personal accomplishment, which c...
Private, non-profit university foundations have grown into multi-million-dollar entities with very little public scrutiny. The foundations' private status in many states allows them to conduct university business without accountability to the tax-paying public that supports the institutions. In recent years, however , several state courts have open...
Typescript. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-123). Microfilm.
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Project (1)
Journalists and Job Loss explores the transformation of journalism work in the contemporary networked societal environment through critical analyses of changing occupational and employment patterns in journalism across diverse national settings. Chapters in the book examine how journalists have experienced and navigated job loss, re-employment, career change and career re-invention in the early years of the twenty first century, in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Finland, Indonesia, the Netherlands, South Africa, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Overall, the contributions to the book reveal that while journalists and journalism are confronting profound challenges in the twenty first century, including significant job loss, journalists are not passive in the face of such challenges but in many cases are contesting and creating new work, career and professional opportunities for themselves.
