Scott Curland Chase

It is believed that behind the conception of generative design systems there are many design theories, methods and models as well as reasoning systems that contribute to offer more than images, data or software. The research assumes that computational models have the potential to aid devising pedagogical approaches for developing students design co...

New styles can be created by modifying existing ones. In order to formalize style change using grammars, style has to be formally defined in the design language of a grammar. Previous studies in the use of grammars for style change do not give explicit rationale for transformation. How would designers decide which rules to modify in a grammar to ge...

In recent years, 3D virtual worlds have been explored for design teaching, yet it is unclear whether a specific pedagogy is used or adapted for such activities. Here we describe the pedagogical model of Cybergogy of Learning Archetypes and Learning Domains, developed specifically for teaching in 3D immersive virtual worlds, and its application to i...

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students. The workshop is the third of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pattern of architectural education. The expe...

The concept of style is relevant for both the analysis and synthesis of designs. New styles are often formed by the adaptation of previous ones based on changes in design criteria and context. A formal characterization of style is given by shape grammars, which describe the compositional rules underlying a set of designs. Stylistic change can be mo...

Currently available computer-aided design tools provide strong support for the later stages of product development processes where the structure and shape of the design have been fixed. Support for earlier stages of product development, when both the structure and shape of the design are still fluid, demands conceptual design tools that support des...

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students of architecture at Strathclyde University. The workshop is the Third of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new pa...

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students of architecture in two different countries. The workshop is the second of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new...

This paper offers insights into innovative practice being undertaken in higher architectural and design education, where both language and content teaching and learning are integrated as interwoven parts with joint curricular roles. Using Expansive Learning Theory as an analytical framework to examine potential tensions and contradictions arising f...

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the coursework of first year students of architecture in two different countries. The workshop is the second of three workshops planned to take place during the course of the first year studio, aimed at introducing new ways of thinking and introducing students to a new...

This paper describes a teaching experience conducted and carried out as part of the architectural coursework of the first year students. The workshop is the first of three planned to take place during the course of the first year studio. It aims at introducing new ways of thinking as well as introducing students to the new pattern of architectural...

This paper describes a new methodology of deriving innovative hybrid designs using shape grammars of heterogeneous designs. The method is detailed within three phases of shape grammars: analysis, synthesis and evaluation. In the analysis phase, the research suggests that original rules of each design component are grouped in subclass rule sets to f...

In this paper we discuss observations and lessons learned in conducting architectural design projects in virtual worlds. By integrating a community of users in virtual worlds into a collaborative architectural design process, organisations can tap the community?s creativity and intelligence through immersive technology. The paper provides an overvi...

This paper is concerned with how design shapes are generated and explored by means of sketching. It presents research into the way designers transform shapes from one state to another using sketch representations. An experimental investigation of the sketching processes of designers is presented. Connections between sketches are defined in terms of...

A research that was initiated first as my PhD proposal. later on, it was partially dropped during the course of the thesis development. "The RESEARCH GOAL is to propose a methodology that encode functional properties within shape grammars, by provide students with sets of rules that imply certain degree of functionality and let them freely explore...

Today's computer-aided design (CAD) systems are based on underlying technologies developed over 20 years ago. Although they have become a key part of the design process and are ubiquitous in industrial product development processes, they usually come into play after the shape of the design has been created. In essence, today's CAD systems are used...

The process of sketching can support the sort of transformational thinking that is seen as essential for the interpretation and reinterpretation of ideas in innovative design. Such transformational thinking, however, is not yet well supported by computer-aided design systems. In this paper, outcomes of experimental investigations into the mechanics...

The growth of internet based communication has facilitated the development of open source, collaborative methods of working, with growing exploration of virtual worlds as potential working environments. This paper describes their use for product design and manufacturing, with examples from the virtual world Second Life for idea generation, collabor...

The growth of internet based communication has facilitated the development of open source, collaborative projects. Here we describe the results of three ‘Wikitecture’ experiments in collaborative, open source architectural design within the virtual world Second Life. We describe the in-world platform developed and its use for a design competition e...

Abstract not available.

The growth of internet based communication has facilitated the development of open source, collaborative projects. Here we describe the results of three ?Wikitecture? experiments in collaborative, open source architectural design within the virtual world Second Life. We describe the in-world platform developed and its use for a design competition e...

The process of sketching can support the sort of transformational thinking that is seen as essential for the interpretation and reinterpretation of ideas in innovative design (Suwa 2003). In this paper, the initial outputs and findings of an ongoing project called Design Synthesis and Shape Generation are described based on experimental investigati...

Shape grammars have been used to explore design spaces through design generation according to sets of shape rules with a recursive process. Although design space exploration is a persistent issue in computational design research, there have been few studies regarding the provision of more preferable and refined outcomes to designers. This paper pre...

The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland. Communal colour designs highlight the conflict between individual colour preference and the community desire for harmony. This is often expressed as a fixed colour design by an individual designer. The provision of the widest possible...

Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven style change. A rule base was authored for the design of Greek temple facades, and was augmented with a style d...

In recent years there have been major advances in the science of complex systems that are clearly relevant for the theory and practice of design. It is now recognised that the objects of most domains are "complex systems", including natural systems, social systems and artificial systems. The science of complex systems cuts across the particular dom...

The quality and availability of exterior paints has led to a new vernacular use of colour in Ireland and Scotland. Towns and villages that previously presented monochrome facades have developed into highly chromatic streetscapes with Tobermory on the island of Mull presented as an icon of this area of urban design. A variety of projects across the...

Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven style change. A rule base was authored for the design of Greek temple facades, and was augmented with a style d...

Shape grammar transformations have been used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. We make use of a style description scheme to aid grammar transformations for goal driven style change. A rule base was authored for the design of Greek temple facades, and was augmented with a style d...

Previous research in generative design has suggested that shape grammar transformations could be used for developing new design styles by the systematic modification of grammars that encode existing styles. Our research explores how such grammar transformations can be facilitated to be responsive to changes in design style requirements. For this it...

Computer-based generative design tools are often restricted in their scope due to implementation issues. These simple applications can serve as teaching aids for novice designers. Characterizations of generative tools and methods are described as a means of determining appropriate pedagogical tools.

Hybrid designs are those that develop from multiple sources. This paper presents the methodology of composite grammars, developed by merging multiple grammars, for the analysis of hybrid designs. The methodology is discussed with an example from Islamic architecture, which is known to have developed by borrowing from various sources. The methodolog...

A primary issue facing architects of the Islamic world is the generation of contemporary designs based on architecture of the past. We discuss shape grammars as a framework for the design generation of plans of courtyard buildings of Islamic architecture and describe ongoing research for the transformation of grammars of historic Islamic building t...

This paper presents details of three separate research projects carried out by members of the Embracing Complexity in Design Scottish Sub-cluster. Each is concerned with the measurement of complexity at various levels of abstraction within three key aspects of the design environment, specifically: • Complexity within design projects • Complexity wi...

Hybrid designs are those that develop from multiple sources. This paper presents the methodology of composite grammars, developed by merging multiple grammars, for the analysis of hybrid designs. The methodology is discussed with an example from Islamic architecture, which is known to have developed by borrowing from various sources. The methodolog...

Hybrid designs are those that develop from multiple sources. This paper presents the methodology of composite grammars, developed by merging multiple grammars, for the analysis of hybrid designs. The methodology is discussed with an example from Islamic architecture, which is known to have developed by borrowing from various sources. The methodolog...

Computer-based generative design tools are often restricted in their scope due to implementation issues. These simple applications can serve as teaching aids for novice designers. Characterizations of generative tools and methods are described as a means of determining appropriate pedagogical tools

Challenges for the study of Islamic architecture include its abundance and diversity in expression and its classification based on distinct functional or stylistic types. We address these issues by presenting shape grammars as a methodology for the analysis and design generation of Islamic architecture, with a specific example in the form of a para...

Challenges for the study of Islamic architecture include its abundance and diversity in expression and its classification based on distinct functional or stylistic types. We address these issues by presenting shape grammars as a methodology for the analysis and design generation of Islamic architecture, with a specific example in the form of a para...

Challenges for the study of Islamic architecture include its abundance and diversity in expression and its classification based on distinct functional or stylistic types. We address these issues by presenting shape grammars as a methodology for the analysis and design generation of Islamic architecture, with a specific example in the form of a para...

A formal framework for redesign based upon Function-Behaviour-Structure models and design grammars is described. A proposed application domain is for the design and redesign of construction assemblies. GDL object technology is illustrated as a candidate tool for implementation.

Computer based generative design tools can help elucidate the nature of design, but are often restricted in their scope due to implementation issues. These ?toy? applications are often developed as proof of concept software, but have the potential to serve as teaching aids in early design education. A number of such tools will be described and the...

A formal framework for redesign based upon Function/Behaviour/Structure models and design grammars is described. A proposed application domain is for the design and redesign of construction assemblies. GDL object technology is proposed as a candidate tool for implementation.

It is refreshing to see yet another take on shape grammars and their representations from Knight and Stiny (arq 5/4, pp 355–372), in particular, the distinction made between process and representation, thus facilitating further categorization of a variety of generative design paradigms. The term ‘shape grammar’ as used here refers to very specific...

Grammar-based production systems are considered potentially powerful design tools by their ability to generate sets of designs adhering to user-specified constraints. However, development of such tools has been slow, partly because of the lack of good interaction between user and system. This paper describes modes of user interaction and control po...

The feasibility of a proposed CAD project is often judged in terms of two conceptions of complexity: design complexity, based on visible features of the object to be modeled; and CAD complexity, based on the actual CAD embodiment of the design. The latter is suggested as a more useful guide. Clearer articulation of this underutilized concept is pro...

We present a formal framework for redesign. Stylistic change, defined by grammar rule modifications, serves as the basis for rule replacement with ones that produce designs satisfying revised requirements. Each grammar rule has an associated description that adds functional or behavioural information to the geometric representation of the design us...

This paper proposes an alternative use for the description of designs. By utilising descriptions of functional, behavioural and structural characteristics of designs generated by a grammar, a function-behaviour-structure (FBS) representation for the artefact is created. This representation explicates the relationships between function, behaviour an...

This paper describes a framework for redesign. Stylistic change in the form of rule modification is used to transform grammars to produce designs conforming to new requirements. The mechanism that enables this modification is based on the Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) model of design. The framework provides a formal mechanism for redesign and...

This paper presents a general graph grammar methodology for structure synthesis of mechanisms. Much of current mechanism design is based on a systematic method popularized by Freudenstein, Mruthyunjaya, and Tsai (among others). A graph grammar is a more natural expression for a method that relies on algebraic abstractions of graph theoretic princip...

This paper presents a general graph grammar methodology for structure synthesis of mechanisms. Much of current mechanism design is based on a systematic method popularized by Freudenstein, Mruthyunjaya, and Tsai (among others). A graph grammar is a more natural expression for a method that relies on algebraic abstractions of graph theoretic princip...

The use of shape grammars in the context of actual architectural design projects is an area that has been under explored. This paper describes the development of grammars in conjunction with a student design project and the issues in creating grammars that respond to a specific project brief.

Grammar based production systems are considered potentially powerful design tools by their ability to generate sets of designs adhering to user specified constraints. However, development of such tools has been slow, partly because of the lack of good interaction between user and system. This paper describes a categorisation of the interaction tech...

When educators or students estimate the complexity of proposed CAD projects, in order to judge feasibility, two conceptions of complexity may be considered. The first, design complexity, based on visible features of the object to be modelled, is the easier to assess beforehand, but is not very reliable. The second, CAD complexity, based on the actu...

When a designer estimates the complexity of a proposed CAD modelling project, two conceptions of complexity may be considered. The first, design complexity, based on visible features of the object to be modelled, is relatively easy to assess before commencement, but is not very reliable. The second, CAD complexity, based on the actual CAD embodimen...

The combination of the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is a paradigm capable of modeling maps that can support emergent features. First-order predicate logic provides a natural intuitive way of representing spatial relations in the development of complete computer systems for geometric reasoning. Shape-algebraic form...

Grammar based production systems are considered potentially powerful design tools by their ability to generate sets of designs adhering to user specified constraints. However, development of such tools has been slow, partly because of the lack of good interaction between user and system. This paper describes modes of user interaction and control po...

This paper presents a general graph grammar for structure synthesis of mechanisms. Much of current mechanism design is based on a systematic method popularized by Freudenstein, Buchsbaum, Mruthyunjaya and Tsai (among others). Since it relies on algebraic abstractions of graph theoretic principles, a graph grammar is a more natural expression for th...

A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. The advantages of shape algebra formalisms over more traditiona...

Grammar based production systems are considered potentially powerful design tools by their ability to generate sets of designs adhering to user specified constraints. However, development of such tools has been slow, partly because of the lack of good interaction between user and system. This paper describes modes of user interaction and control po...

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The combination of the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations can be used for developing spatial models capable of identifying emergent (unanticipated and not explicit) features. First order predicate logic provides a natural, intuitive way of representing spatial relations in the development of computer systems for reasoni...

The combination of the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations, used in a new method for describing designs, is presented. First-order predicate logic provides a natural, intuitive way of representing shapes and spatial relations in the development of complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. Shape algebraic for...

A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. The advantages of shape algebra formalisms over more traditiona...

Emergence supports creativity in that emergent features can be considered unanticipated or accidental. The body of shape grammar research over the past quarter century has demonstrated that, within a strictly circumscribed space of designs, it is possible to be creative and generate innovative designs. In order to develop generative design systems...

Shape algebraic representations provide several advantages over more traditional geometric representations. The use of predicate logic formulations of shape and spatial relations provides a natural, intuitive way to extend shape representations of the shape grammar formalism to provide generalized, parametric grammars. Introduction Research in the...

A new method of describing designs by combining the paradigms of shape algebras and predicate logic representations is presented. Representing shapes and spatial relations in first order predicate logic provides a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about designs. Shape algebraic representations provide s...

A formal, hierarchical model of shape, spatial relations and non-spatial properties is presented, constructed from first principles of geometry, topology and logic. The combination of the two major paradigms used here, shape algebras and logic, is one which has been largely unexplored. The underlying interest is the development of generalized desig...

A strategy for dealing with the volume and diversity of knowledge involved in design and construction is through integration of a variety of knowledge sources. The representation of design knowledge is a key element is this strategy. The Engineering Data Model (EDM) provides a strong foundation for defining the semantics of a product design. It exp...

A strategy for dealing with the volume and diversity of knowledge involved in design and construction is through integration of a variety of knowledge sources. The representation of design knowledge is a key element is this strategy. The Engineering Data Model (EDM) provides a strong foundation for defining the semantics of a product design. It exp...

A strategy for dealing with the volume and diversity of knowledge involved in design and construction is through integration of a variety of knowledge sources. The representation of design knowledge is a key element is this strategy. The Engineering Data Model (EDM) provides a strong foundation for defining the semantics of a product design. It exp...