Scott Baum

• Griffith University

Within the Australian political geography literature, a growing body of work has aimed to understand the distinctive socio-economic and demographic patterns that characterise the Australian federal political landscape. Using results from the last two federal elections (2016 and 2019), this paper analyses polling booth catchments in the context of s...

Dengue fever is a major public health concern in Bangladesh with increased incidence during monsoon. We aimed to assess the correlation of temperature, humidity, and rainfall on dengue fever in two dengue endemic cities in Bangladesh. It was a time series analysis of climate factors and dengue occurrence data in Dhaka and Chittagong cities from 1 J...

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the relationship between the characteristics of neighborhoods and the health and well-being of residents. The focus on neighborhood as a health determinant is based on the hypothesis that residing in a disadvantaged neighborhood can negatively influence health outcomes beyond the effect of individ...

This paper introduces the special issue focused on the relationship between residence and health in Australia. We present six papers conducted in different Australian states that demonstrate different elements of the complex impact of residential context on health. Through this series of papers, we demonstrate the impact of housing quality and safe...

n Australia, shared responsibility is a concept advocated to promote collective climate change adaptation by multiple actors and institutions. However, a shared response is often promoted in the absence of information regarding actions currently taken; in particular, there is limited knowledge regarding action occurring at the household scale. To a...

Analysing spatial variations in regional economic performance is a common focus for research by regional scientists. Typically such investigations suffer from using de jure regions (such as Local Government Areas) as the spatial base because data tend to be readily available for such administrative areas to derive the variables that researchers use...

Coastal areas in South East Queensland (SEQ) are exposed to coastal hazards and climate change and Local Governments are responding to these threats by developing a range of strategies for adaptation. Here we show the results of a spatial vulnerability assessment for SEQ's coastal region and use them as the basis to assess progress in adaptation in...

Water fulfills multiple functions and is instilled with numerous meanings: it is concurrently an economic input, an aesthetic reference, a religious symbol, a public good, a fundamental resource for public health, and a biophysical need for humans and ecosystems. Hence, water has multiple ontologies embedded within diverse social, cultural, spiritu...

Over 85% of Australia’s population resides within 50 kilometres of the coastline. Population projections indicate that the trend of coastal urbanisation is likely to continue, placing significant pressure on infrastructure, services, and ecological systems. The impacts on coastal communities from urbanisation will be exacerbated by the effects of c...

Objectives: This study builds on research undertaken by Bernasco and Nieuwbeerta and explores the generalizability of a theoretically derived offender target selection model in three cross-national study regions. Methods: Taking a discrete spatial choice approach, we estimate the impact of both environment- and offender-level factors on residential...

Coastal communities in South East Queensland (SEQ) are exposed to coastal hazards and climate change, and local Councils are responding to these threats by setting up different strategies for adaptation. Here we show the results of a spatial vulnerability assessment of the SEQ coastal region and we compare it to the progress in adaptation of its fi...

Background: International literature has illustrated that the health impacts of heat waves vary according to differences in the spatial variability of high temperatures and the social and economic characteristics of populations and communities. However, to date there have been few studies that quantitatively assess the health vulnerability to heat...

Objectives: This study builds on research undertaken by Bernasco and Nieuwbeerta and explores the generalizability of a theoretically derived offender target selection model in three cross-national study regions. Methods: Taking a discrete spatial choice approach, we estimate the impact of both environment- and offender-level factors on residential...

Antisocial behaviour including littering and graffiti, crime and social disorder pose an important social problem within contemporary cities. Perceptions regarding the extent of antisocial behaviour are likely to differ not only along socioeconomic and demographic lines of the individual but importantly are also likely to differ depending on the ty...

Impacts from climate change pose a raft of challenges for societies, governments and policy-makers internationally. The anticipated changes are well documented, including rising sea levels, increased floods and other extreme weather conditions. Much research and policy emphasis has focused on technical and economic aspects. Less debated are questio...

Climate change impacts affecting coastal areas, such as sea-level rise and storm surge events, are expected to have significant social, economic and environmental consequences worldwide. Ongoing population growth and development in highly urbanised coastal areas will exacerbate the predicted impacts on coastal settlements. Improving the adaptation...

In coastal management under climatic pressures, the final aim of vulnerability assessments, system thinking or scenario planning exercises is to inform the identification of the most appropriate adaptation options for communities under risk of coastal hazards and climate change. In this paper we show how we combined these techniques for coastal set...

Background: Few studies have been conducted to investigate the impact of extreme cold events on mortality in subtropical regions. Objective: In the present study we aimed to investigate the effects of the 2008 cold spell on mortality and the possibility of mortality displacement in three subtropical cities in China. Methods: Daily mortality, air po...

Pritchard B., Argent N., Baum S., Bourke L., Martin J., McManus P., Sorensen A. and Walmsley J. Local - if possible: how the spatial networking of economic relations amongst farm enterprises aids small town survival in rural Australia, Regional Studies. Over recent decades, the tendency in developed countries has been the consolidation of farms int...

This paper focuses on how to extend the exponential random graph models to take into account the geographical embeddedness of individuals in modelling social networks. We develop a hierarchical set of nested models for spatially embedded social networks, in which, following Butts (2002), an interaction function between tie probability and Euclidean...

Many studies have highlighted the phenomenon of rural decline in parts of the developed world, summarised as a loss in agricultural employment leading to a decline in the number and size of rural settlements. This study of small towns in part of Australia’s inland rural “heartland” employs the concepts of interactional rural community of place and...

This chapter presents a ‘first cut’ regional vulnerability assessment that was undertaken for the South East Queensland (SEQ) region of Australia as part of a broader Climate Adaptation Research Initiative investigating adaptation of human settlements to climate change in SEQ. Despite the well-known shortcomings of vulnerability assessments, it is...

The South East Queensland (SEQ) coast is exposed to coastal hazards that are likely to be exacerbated in the future. Rising sea levels, in combination with extreme meteorological events such as tropical cyclones and east coast lows, will increase the exposure to extreme water levels in open coastlines and transitional environments; at the same time...

Questions regarding the appropriate level of scale for policy intervention are an important issue for policy stakeholders. The re-emergence of the debate between people and place based policy in recent years has helped frame these questions and in particular has raised issues regarding the most appropriate level of policy focus. This paper contribu...

Understanding the factors associated with broad regional economic outcomes and processes has become increasingly important Understanding the factors associated with broad regional economic outcomes and processes has become increasingly important in recent years. While traditional inputs such as capital and labour have, for a long time, driven debat...

The South East Queensland (SEQ) coast is exposed to coastal hazards that are likely to be exacerbated in the future. Rising sea levels, in combination with extreme meteorological events such as tropical cyclones and east coast lows, will increase the exposure to extreme water levels in open coastlines and transitional environments; at the same time...

This article presents data on residential mobility for the Seoul Metropolitan Region. It addresses two questions-why do households move and who moves and finds that like research undertaken in other cities that a wide range of factors impact on the residential mobility process. Key outcomes include the impact of housing dissatisfaction on residenti...

The development of locally-based healthcare initiatives, such as community health coalitions that focus on capacity building programs and multi-faceted responses to long-term health problems, have become an increasingly important part of the public health landscape. As a result of their complexity and the level of investment, it has become necessar...

The field of collaborative health planning faces significant challenges created by the narrow focus of the available information, the absence of a framework to organise that information and the lack of systems to make information accessible and guide decision-making. These challenges have been magnified by the rise of the 'healthy communities movem...

As a prolonged period of Australian prosperity ends, attention has now begun to turn to the likely impacts of a severe economic downturn. The pain of recession is unlikely to be evenly distributed across the population or across space. Not that the previous economic good fortune was evenly spread across society. It is, therefore, expected that a ne...

As labour markets have become more complex there has been increasing interest among researchers in understanding the ways that social and labour market processes and contexts impact on various labour market states. One important area has been in understanding the differences between unemployment and hidden unemployment. This paper considers the way...

The potential impacts that a range of social, economic, demographic and structural factors have on an individual's level of perceived satisfaction with their neighbourhood continue to be an important focus of research interest. This paper concentrates on a specific feature of the neighbourhood satisfaction literature by considering the impact of lo...

It is becoming increasingly apparent that, in order to understand a range of socio-economic outcomes, research needs to be focused on a multi-dimensional approach that accounts for individual characteristics and behaviours together with locality and activity within space and place. Within labour market analysis there is a need to situate empirical...

Singapore's E-government model is considered to be among the best in the world. Over the past decade the Singapore government has constantly developed and re-developed its on-line presence. International comparisons have consistently rated Singapore as one of the most advanced E-government nations. However, despite significant progress towards full...

The development of locally-based healthcare initiatives, such as community health coalitions that focus on capacity building programs and multi-faceted responses to long-term health problems, have become an increasingly important part of the public health landscape. As a result of their complexity and the level of investment, it has become necessar...

Employability and labour under-utilization in non-metropolitan labour markets, Regional Studies. This paper addresses labour under-utilization and considers the factors that are associated with under-utilization risk of individuals embedded in diverse non-metropolitan labour market regions. Taking survey and census data for Australian non-metropoli...

As the 21st century progresses, the most successful economies and societies will be creative ones. Worldwide, governments are producing strategies to encourage the development of creative industries and to strengthen the role of knowledge cities nationally and internationally. There is a significant policy discussion regarding the role of creative...

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The aim of this paper is to examine the spatial patterning and possible contributors to the geographic distribution of older people for the past decade (1996-2006). Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) and mapping of Statistical Local Areas (SLAs) in South East Queensland (SEQ) region were used to investigate changes in spatial patterns o...

Among the many promises of the digital revolution is the potential to foster greater development of civil society through the use of ICTs and the establishment of strong e-governance. By encouraging a move towards more synergetic governance through active partnerships and shared responsibilities between state and society, ICTs and the use of e-gove...

Despite a significant period of strong economic and jobs growth nationally, there is well-established evidence in Australia that the proceeds of this growth have not been shared equally, either between places or between individuals. Empirically, it is well known that particular socioeconomic groups have a higher risk of unemployment and it has beco...

There has been a growing awareness that the issue of labour market disadvantage is substantially greater than merely considering unemployment and the ability to fi nd a job. There is an increasing literature that points to the advantages of considering a broader concept which accounts not only for those people who are traditionally unemployed, but...

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As the 21st century progresses, the most successful economies and societies will be creative ones. Worldwide, governments are producing strategies to encourage the development of creative industries and to strengthen the role of knowledge cities nationally and internationally. There is significant policy discussion regarding the role of creative cl...

A key component of the knowledge society and the urban form that accompanies it is the increasing importance of information and communication technologies in daily life. It is clear that in cites around the world, the use of information and communication technologies has increasingly become part of everyday life including in the business of governm...

Interest in the impacts of climate change and extreme weather events on regions throughout the world has taken on a new and more urgent focus in recent years. As attention has turned to understanding climate change adaptation, researches have begun considering the ways in which social vulnerability to climate related events can be understood and an...

In a knowledge economy urban form and functions are primarily shaped by global market forces rather than urban planning. As the role of knowledge in wealth creation becomes a critical issue in cities, urban administrations and planners need to discover new approaches to harness the considerable opportunities of abstract production for a global orde...

A key component of the knowledge society and the urban form that accompanies it is the increasing importance of information and communication technologies in daily life. It is clear that in cites around the world, the use of information and communication technologies has increasingly become part of everyday life including in the business of governm...

Many governments world wide are attempting to increase accountability, transparency, and the quality of services by adopting information and communications technologies (ICTs) to modernize and change the way their administrations work. Meanwhile e-government is becoming a significant decision-making and service tool at local, regional and national...

Many governments world wide are attempting to increase accountability, transparency, and the quality of services by adopting information and communications technologies (ICTs) to modernize and change the way their administrations work. Meanwhile e-government is becoming a significant decision-making and service tool at local, regional and national...

Increasingly, almost everything we do in our daily lives is being influenced by information and communications technologies (ICTs) including the Internet. The task of governance is no exception with an increasing number of national, state, and local governments utilizing ICTs to support government operations, engage citizens, and provide government...

With the recent trends towards knowledge-based urban development and networked society, information and communications technologies have increasingly played important roles in the daily lives of people for social interaction, learning, information and recreation. This research is an exploratory study on how information and communications technologi...

Planners and planning departments are increasingly losing their importance within contemporary public administration, as exaggerated reliance on technical and design practices continue to fragment the public treatment of space. Koolhaas and Mau (1995) argue that planners and, in fact, urbanism are outdated, and that both failed to keep pace with th...

There has been a significant amount of work published which aims to understand the socio-economic performance of Australia's non-metropolitan regions, cities and towns. Significantly much of this work has illustrated the variation in outcomes that characterise different places as they adjust to new and evolving social, economic, demographic and env...

This paper considers youth labour market disadvantage and presents an analysis which juxtaposes the role of individual supply characteristics with labour demand characteristics to advance an understanding of youth labour market outcomes. The paper takes the concept of employability and using data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics Austra...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate ways to attract and retain knowledge workers in a globally successful knowledge city or a city aspiring to become one. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the literature on knowledge work and workers and provides useful recommendations on the fundamentals of how to attract and retai...

Australia's large regional cities and towns display wide variation in how they are adjusting to the socio-economic transitions that have occurred over the past decade. One area of research interest has been in developing typologies of non-metropolitan performance. The current paper represents an analysis of Australian Bureau of Statistics 2001 Cens...

The establishment of e-government has been as important policy goal within contemporary Singapore government. Recognizing the gains to be made by harnessing ICTs to strengthen and streamline the business of governance, Singapore ha s successfully developed its e-government sector across three strategic plans focusing on dev eloping a world class e-...

New national and international economic and social forces have reshaped national geographies in general and the characteristics of cities in particular, resulting in a range of diverse social and spatial outcomes. These outcomes, which include greater differentiation across, within and between cities has become a feature of the economic and social...

Australia's large regional cities and towns display a wide variation in their adjustment to the socio-economic transitions that have occurred over the past decade. In terms of socio-economic advantage and disadvantage, these changes, often associated with globalisation, wider economic and technological restructuring, the changing demographics of th...

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Many governments world wide are attempting to increase accountability, transparency, and the quality of services by adopting information and communications technologies (ICTs) to modernize and change the way their administrations work. Meanwhile e-government is becoming a significant decision-making and service tool at local, regional and national...

Australia's metropolitan cities have undergone significant social, economic and demographic change over the past several decades. In terms of socio-economic advantage and disadvantage these changes, which are often associated with globalisation, wider economic and technological restructuring, the changing demographics of the population and shifts i...

Western J., StimsonR., Baum S. and Van Gellecum Y. (2005) Measuring community strength and social capital, Regional Studies 39 , 1095-1109. Five case study communities in both metropolitan and regional urban locations in Australia are used as test sites to develop measures of 'community strength' on four domains: Natural Capital; Produced Economic...

Analyses of the patterns of national population change have been influenced by the US experience where major differences between a older north and a newer south are prominent in many studies. The current paper argues that these perspectives overlook some inertia in the pattern of population and jobs. Drawing upon US and European experience the pape...

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Questions relating to the ability of particular groups in society to access information and communications technologies (ICTs) have become a growing part of the academic and policy literature. The issues raised in this literature have revolved around a number of themes, many of which can be subsumed under concerns about a growing digital divide whe...

The release of the ABS 2001 census data has allowed renewed analysis of the spatial patterns of social phenomena to be reviewed with up-to-date data. This paper adopts a methodology first outlined in Canadian studies to calculate several measures of deprivation across Sydney suburbs. The methodology uses principal components analysis and develops m...

Australia's large regional cities and towns display wide variation in how they are adjusting to the socio-economic transitions occurring in Australia. That variation is exposed using a multi-variate model analysing performance on a range of socio-economic variables over the decade 1986 to 1996 for 122 cities and towns with populations of 10 000 and...

Public participation in urban planning includes involving, informing, and consulting the public in planning, management, and other decision-making activities. It is an important part of the planning process, providing opportunity and encouragement for members of the public to express their views. Despite the usefulness of new technologies, however,...

One could fill a good-size bookcase with the volumes penned under the name 'globalization' over the past decade. The topic touches so many of the traditional disciplines that it seems everyone has something to contribute to the conversation. Economists, political scientists, anthropologists, sociologists, historians, geographers, communication rese...

It is well known that regional differences exist in the distribution of population growth and decline and that these patterns are associated with differing patterns of socio-economic performance. These and related issues have been widely researched by social and regional scientists and are seen in discussions including urban and regional growth and...