Sayantan Mukherjee

Institute for Plasma Research · Blanket Material Section

A hybrid nanofluid (HYNF) is an excellent working medium for improved heat transfer performance. To investigate the convective heat transfer performance of an HYNF of various particle mixing ratios (MR), at first samples of MgO-SiO2/water HYNF are prepared by varying the MR of MgO to SiO2 as 0:100, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 100:0 at 0.05 mass % of c...

Three-dimensional numerical simulations are performed to study the turbulent mixing of hot and cold fluids at a T-junction with unique branch pipe extended mixing jets. The major aim of the current research is to compare the performance of two distinct designs for thermal mixing and flow characteristics of a T-junction. We investigate the effects o...

According to the Scopus database, every year several hundreds of new research papers are published in the field of nanofluids. This area is attracting growing attention because of the significant improvement in the heat transfer and energy efficiency of the systems working with nanofluids. However, as results from numerous scientific studies conduc...

The development and implementation of transient heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in energy management were studied. Ultrasonic-assisted SiO 2 /water nanofluids with 0.1–1.5 wt. % were prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) surfactant. The stability of nanofluids was tested and confirmed using zeta potential and light absorbance measureme...

A microchannel heat sink (MCHS) is a compact, effective cooling device that meets the heat dissipation requirements of high-power electronic equipment. This paper investigates the impact of utilizing Al 2 O 3 /water, MgO/water, and TiO 2 /water nanofluids in a rectangular MCHS. To ensure an acceptable comparison, the flow rate is kept constant at 2...

An experimental investigation on the influence of hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) on heat transfer and flow performance of a heat exchanger tube is presented in this paper. A custom-made thermo-hydraulic loop containing a 1200 mm long copper tube with 12 mm internal diameter is used for the present purpose. The tube was exposed to a constant heat flux of...

Nuclear energy, along with geothermal, natural gas, solar, and wind turbines, is regarded as one of the most productive energy sources. Finding the most dependable heat-exchanging fluid medium as an emergency coolant to cool nuclear fuel rods in an overheating phenomenon is becoming increasingly crucial in nuclear plant security. Researchers have b...

investigated quenching of cylindrical zirconium rods in 600 ℃ pools of natural seawater samples collected from different locations in the Arab Gulf Region-Kuwait. The results depicted a significant difference in the heat transfer efficiency from one location to another. Alzour seawater exhibited the fastest and most efficient cooling performance co...

This study analyzes the heat transfer characteristics of various nanoaerosols on a two-dimensional model of pipe flow subjected to the velocity inlet, pressure outlet, and constant heat flux on the pipe wall. The Eulerian multiphase model was selected to simulate the problem with 50 nm particle size at 0.01 vol. fraction at Re from 8,000 to 20,000....

A case study of thermal mixing behavior of hot and cold fluid in T-junction withwithout mixing jets

The development of an efficient Fusion Blanket Module (FBM) concept for a future fusion power plant is challenging because extraction of high heat flux from core plasma. To test various blanket design concepts, the Institute for Plasma Research (IPR) is building an Experimental Helium Cooling Loop (EHCL). Helium is employed as a coolant due to its...

This paper reports an experimental investigation on the convective heat transfer and flow performance of silica-zinc oxide (SiO2–ZnO)/water hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flowing inside a tube with constant heat flux at different Reynolds number (Re) from 7743 to 23,228. A well-stabilized SiO2–ZnO/water HNF with 0.025–0.10weight fractions(φ) was produced v...

This study aims to experimentally investigate the effects of temperature and nanoparticle concentration on dynamic viscosity, which is one of the most significant thermophysical properties. Diluted water-based graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) nanofluids are prepared using a two-step approach, with concentrations ranging from 0.00005 to 0.001 vol.%. Sur...

Ternary nanofluids are now under the limelight of research communities due to their thermo-physical and heat transfer characteristics. In this scientific contribution, the effect of surfactant concentration, ageing, and sonication period on the thermal conductivity of ternary nanofluid, is presented. A water-based Ternary nanofluid at weight concen...

The impact of introducing SiO 2 nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity (TC) values of various basefluids is presented in this paper. Microstructural properties of SiO 2 nanoparticles were investigated using transmission electron microscope. Nanofluids were produced by dispersing SiO 2 nanoparticles in water and commercialized engine coolant (CEC...

The impact of introducing SiO2 nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity (TC) values of various basefluids is presented in this paper. Microstructural properties of SiO2 nanoparticles were investigated using transmission electron microscope. Nanofluids were produced by dispersing SiO2 nanoparticles in water and commercialized engine coolant (CEC) a...

Nanofluids are regarded as promising heat transfer fluid due to their ultrafast cooling capability. However, stability analysis of nanofluids is very critical before its application in heat transfer .The present paper reports about an investigation on the stability of water-based Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 nanofluids at ambient temperature. Nanoparticles,...

The concept of nanofluids has already shown that the heat transfer potential of traditional working fluids could be improved by dispersing various nanosized particles in them. Up to now, liquids are used as the base materials and dispersed nanoparticles are solid. In the present paper, we study solid nanoparticles dispersed in a gaseous medium (nan...

Cooling, thermal management, and creating a homogeneous temperature distribution on the processors using small and highly-efficient cooling systems are critical design issues. In this research, cooling of central processor unit (CPU) has been investigated via numerical simulations. First, the impact of fin configuration on the performance of an act...

The thermo-fluidic performance of SiO2-water nanofluid (NF) flow inside a horizontal tube of circular cross section were examined applying constant heat flux. An aqua based dispersion of SiO2 nanopowder with 16.58 nm average particle diameter were used as the working fluid with 0.15-0.35 vol.%. Experiments are conducted in the Reynolds number (Re)...

The objective of the present work is to analyze the consequences of the sonication period on the colloidal stability and thermal conductivity of SiO2–water nanofluid. Ultrasonication assisted two-step method was applied to prepare SiO2–water nanofluid at two different concentrations of 0.5 and 1 wt% without any surfactant. The sonication period var...

Presently nanoaerosol technology has widened its application in the heat transfer area and found to be exhibiting remarkable heat transfer characteristics. This paper focuses on a theoretical investigation on the convective heat transfer characteristics of a SiO2-air nanoaerosol flow inside a tube. Based on the properties of nanoparticles and air,...

The aim of this research is to estimate the thermophysical properties and heat transfer potential of silica-ethylene glycol (EG) mono nanofluid. Silica nanoparticles were dispersed in pure ethylene glycol in four different concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.50 vol% via two-step method. The dispersion stability of the nanofluid was enhanced in...

This article discusses the evaluation of three methods of static contact angle measurements of de-ionized (DI) water and TiO 2 nanofluid droplets with three concentrations (0.5%, 1%, and 5%) that evaporate on the substrate of three different temperatures. To compare the discussed approximation methods, the differences between the results of the mea...

Entropy generation is always a matter of concern in a heat transfer system. It denotes the amount of energy lost as a result of irreversibility. As a result, it must be reduced. The present work considers an investigation on the turbulent forced convective heat transfer and entropy generation of Al2O3-Ethylene glycol (EG) nanofluid inside a circula...

Plasma-facing components (PFCs) are used as the barrier to the beam of high heat flux generated due to nuclear fusion. Therefore, efficient cooling of PFCs is required for safety and smooth operation of a fusion reactor. The Hyper Vapotron (HV) is generally used as the heat exchanger to cool down the PFCs during operation. These heat exchangers use...

An experimental study to investigate the thermal performance of water/titania (TiO2) nanofluid under nucleate pool boiling was performed. A highly stable water/TiO2 nanofluid with varying weight concentrations of 0.15–1.5% was prepared with the application of polyvinyl alcohol as a surfactant. A dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analyses...

Non-metallic oxide nanofluids have recently attracted interest in pool boiling heat transfer (PBHT) studies. Research work on carbon and silica-based nanofluids is now being reported frequently by scholars. The majority of these research studies showed improvement in PBHT performance. The present study reports an investigation on the PBHT character...

Nanofluids have opened the doors towards the enhancement of many of today's existing thermal applications performance. This is because these advanced working fluids exhibit exceptional thermophysical properties, and thus making them excellent candidates for replacing conventional working fluids. On the other hand, nanomaterials of carbon-based were...

The convective flow boiling characteristics of aqueous Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids are presented in this paper. Stable suspensions of aqueous Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids at two different concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 wt% were prepared and allowed to flow through a horizontal annulus under varying heat flux from 26,140.132 to 53,573.503 W⋅m⁻² and varyi...

Effectively dispersed spherical metallic or non-metallic nanoparticles at low mass concentrations in water, oil, or ethylene glycol may enhance the thermal conductivity of the mixture over the basefluid values. Focusing on the dilute suspensions of effectively dispersed SiO2 nanoparticles in water, the thermal conductivity of nanofluids was measure...

Thermal conductivity is a key parameter to describe the heat transfer performance of a coolant. In the present study, the thermal conductivity of commercial engine coolant based SiO2 nanofluids was measured using a novel sonic velocity measurement technique and analyzed. SiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed in engine coolant to prepare nanofluids at f...

The thermal conductivity of Al 2 O 3-water nanofluid (NF) was investigated in this study utilizing ultrasonic velocity. The change in thermal conductivity was calculated by increasing the weight fraction from 0.01% to 1% for every 10°C elevation in the temperature range of 25-65°C. The thermal conductivity of NF augmented with an enhancement in nan...

In the present experimental work, forced convective flow boiling heat transfer under subcooled region was analysed with Al2O3/water nanofluid flow in a horizontal tube. Nanofluids at various wt.% such as 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% were prepared using two-step method. Stability of nanofluids was measured using Zeta potential analysis. Thermo-ph...

Nanofluids are popular for enhancing heat transfer capability. The applicability of such fluids needs proper attention. This study presents an experimental investigation on heat transfer performance, pumping power, efficiency, exergy loss, and feasibility of nanofluid flow inside a circular tube. The circular tube was subjected to varying heat flux...

Nanofluids, engineered suspensions of nanosized non-organic particles in base fluids have shown some interesting thermo-physical properties and heat transfer augmentation in various cooling systems. A gigantic number of research works is documented so far, and it is going on to explore various aspects of nanofluids such as their formulation, physic...

The present study investigates the ability to improve the stability and heat transfer performance of coolants by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles in water. Surfactant-free nanofluid with 5 different weight fractions of 1 %, 0.5 %, 0.1 %, 0.05 %, and 0.01 % were prepared by two-step method. The stability of nanofluid was examined. The thermal conductiv...

The effect of diffusive heat conduction and Brownian motion on the enhancement of thermal conductivity in nanofluids is presented here. Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 nanofluids were prepared at four different wt. fractions of 1%, 0.5%, 0.1% and 0.05% and their thermal conductivity values were measured over temperatures ranging from 25 to 55 • C for every 10 •...

In this study, the thermal and cost performance of TiO2-water nanofluids was investigated. Stable nanofluids were formulated by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles in water as the base fluid. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids were measured at 0.1–1 wt.% over the temperature range 25–65°C. The effects of constituent material properties were...

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the pool boiling heat transfer of water containing Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles at 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% mass fractions at ambient pressure. A horizontal flat polished stainless steel plate was chosen as the boiling surface. Significant improvements in the boiling heat transfer coeffici...

This paper aims to provide an experimental investigation on the thermal conductivity enhancement and heat transfer performance of water based Al2O3 and TiO2nanofluids. Nanofluids at different concentrations of 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.5% of m/V were prepared by two-step method adding Polyvinyl alcohol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone as surfactants. Then,...

This paper reports an experimental investigation on the thermophysical characterization, cooling capability and economic performance of Al2O3-water nanofluid. Al2O3 (20 nm–30 nm) nanoparticles are dispersed in water to prepare nanofluids by two-step method with no application of surfactant. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of Al2O3-water nanoflui...

The present paper aims to provide a theoretical analysis of energy, exergy loss and pumping power demand of water-based Al2O3, TiO2, CuO, SiC nanofluids flow through rectangular microchannel heat sinks under constant heat flux condition. The weight fraction of nanoparticles was varied from 0% to5%. Thermal resistance decreased with particle inclusi...

This paper presents a theoretical investigation on energetic feasibility of Al 2 O 3 /water nanofluid as coolant streaming inside a smooth horizontal tube. Existing experimental results are utilized to compute the thermo-physical properties, heat transfer coefficient and pumping power of nanofluid. The heat transfer coefficient ratio i.e. the ratio...

Nanofluids are suspension of highly conductive nano‐sized particles in conventional fluids that may be applicable as ultrafast cooling agent to extend the thermal performance of cooling devices. However, before considering the feasibility as coolant for high heat flux components, a thorough investigation of the long‐term stability of nanofluids is...

This investigation intends to present a theoretical analysis, comparison and thermal optimization of a rectangular microchannel heat sink cooling by TiO2-water and ZnO-Water nanofluids. Nanofluids at volume fractions of 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% are applied to evaluate and enhance the performance of the microchannel heat sinks. Engineering Equatio...

A parametric study of the skin friction coefficient and drag force of Titania/water nanofluid flow over an isothermal flat plate at stationary condition is conducted. With the help of similarity analysis, the governing equations of continuity and momentum are reduced into nonlinear differential equations which are subsequently solved numerically us...

Nano sized particles dispersed in fluids (known as nanofluids) are very promising for heat transfer intensification. Numerous investigations have already been performed to study the heat transfer through such medium. These studies reveal that temperature imparts significant impact on thermal conductivity of nanofluids. However, there are many contr...

Since the past decade, rapid development in nanotechnology has produced several aspects for the scientists and technologists to look into. Nanofluid is one of the incredible outcomes of such advancement. Nanofluids (colloidal suspensions of metallic and nonmetallic nanoparticles in conventional base fluids) are best known for their remarkable change t...

Nanofluid, a product of nanotechnology has already achieved an active area of research due to its enhanced thermo physical properties over the base fluids like water, oil etc. Nanofluids possess an outstanding potential to improve heat transfer and energy efficiency in several areas of science and engineering. Application of nanofluids in automobil...

Nanofluid, a simple product of nanotechnology has become a topic of attraction due to its extraordinary heat transfer performance in various areas including cooling, power generation, defense, nuclear, space, microelectronics and bio medical appliances. However, preparation and stabilization of such fluids are indeed a matter of concern for better...

NOMENCLATURE: íµí»¼ = Ratio of the thermal conductivities of particle and base fluid. íµí»¿ íµí±‡ =Thickness of layer. ℎ = Coefficient of heat transfer. íµí±˜ íµí±’íµí±“íµí±“ = Effective thermal conductivity. íµí±˜ íµí±“ = Thermal conductivity of base fluid. íµí±˜ íµí±›íµí±Žíµí±›íµí±œ =Thermal conductivity of nanoparticle. íµí±˜ íµí±š =Thermal cond...