Satya Jonnalagadda

• Kerry Inc.

Epidemiology associates whole-grain (WG) consumption with several health benefits. Mounting evidence suggests that WG wheat polyphenols play a role in mechanisms underlying health benefits. The objective was to assess circulating concentration, excretion, and the physiologic role of WG wheat polyphenols in subjects with suboptimal dietary and lifes...

Background: Whole-grain (WG) foods have been suggested to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, but studies are inconsistent and effects on cardiovascular risk markers are not clear. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of increasing WG consumption to at least 80 g/d on overall dietary intake, body composition, bl...

Wholegrain (WG) consumption is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, but clinical data on inflammation and immune function is either conflicting or limited. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of increasing WG consumption to at least 80 g/day on markers of inflammation and glucose metabolism and on phenotypic and...

Background: Evidence from epidemiological studies suggests that higher whole grain intake is associated with improvements in body weight measures. Evidence from randomized controlled intervention studies is controversial. Objective: To assess the scientific evidence, using a descriptive systematic approach, related to the relationship/effects of...

Background: Higher whole-grain (WG) intake is associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, there is inconsistent clinical evidence with regard to the benefit of WGs compared with refined grains (RGs) on MetS. Objective: We hypothesized that consuming WGs in the place of RGs would improve MetS criteria in individuals...

In accordance with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, at least half of total grain intake should be whole grains. Adolescents are currently not consuming the recommended daily intake of whole grains. Research is needed to determine whether whole grains are acceptable to adolescents and whether changing their food environment to include whol...

Although the term "whole grain" is well defined, there has been no universal standard of what constitutes a "whole-grain food," creating challenges for researchers, the food industry, regulatory authorities, and consumers around the world. As part of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the U.S. Dietary Guidelines Technical Advisory Committee...

Whole grain (WG) foods have been shown to reduce chronic disease risk and overweight. Total dietary fiber is associated with WG and its health benefits. The purpose was to determine whether associations exist between WG intake (no-WG intake, 0 ounce equivalent [oz eq]; low, >0-<3 oz eq; high, ≥3 oz eq) and total dietary fiber intake among Americans...

The AACC International (AACCI) Scientific Advisory Panel and AACCI leaders have identified "Unifying the Grain Health Benefits Message" as one of five scientific opportunity areas. To this end, a two-day thought-leader meeting was held in January 2013 (24). One of the proposed action steps from this meeting was to develop a review of the benefits o...

The Grains for Health Foundation's Whole Grains Summit, held May 19-22, 2012 in Minneapolis, was the first meeting of its kind to convene >300 scientists, educators, food technologists, grain breeders, food manufacturers, marketers, health professionals, and regulators from around the world. Its goals were to identify potential avenues for collabor...

The intake of whole-grain (WG) foods by adolescents is reported to be approximately one-third the recommended intake of 48 g/d. This 6-wk randomized interventional study determined the effect of replacing grains within the diet with refined-grain (RG; n = 42) or WG (n = 41) foods/d on gastrointestinal and immune health in adolescents (aged 12.7 ± 0...

Unlabelled: This study aimed to determine dietary vitamin D intake of U.S. Americans and Canadians and contributions of food sources to total vitamin D intake. Total of 7- or 14-d food intake data were analyzed for vitamin D by a proprietary nutrient assessment methodology that utilized food intake data from the Natl. Eating Trends(®) service, por...

The reduction of subclinical inflammation has been suggested as a potential mechanism to explain the favorable association between whole-grain consumption and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. This review examines evidence for the effects of whole-grain consumption on markers of subclinical inflammation derived...

Background: Disparities in lung cancer treatment and palliative care are well documented. However,the mechanisms underlying these disparities are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated racial and ethnic differences in beliefs and attitudes about lung cancer treatment and palliative care among patients receiving a new diagnosis of lung c...

Study examined breakfast consumption patterns of US children by ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic Mexican-American) and association with nutrient intake and body measures. Study used day one dietary recall from NHANES 2003–08 for 2–12 y (n=5441). Study population was classified as readyto-eat cereal eaters (RTEC) (n=2124),...

Intake of whole‐grain (WG) foods by adolescents is reported to be 1 oz eq or one‐third the recommended intake of 48 g/d. This study determined the effect of providing refined‐grain (RG, n=42) or WG (n=41) foods on gastrointestinal (GI) and immune health in adolescents (12.7±0.1 y). Students were recruited from a local middle school and randomized t...

Two diet plans were evaluated for effects on selected anthropometric and body composition measurements. Overweight/obese premenopausal women (n=76; age: 34.7±7.3 y) were randomly assigned to a Yogurt (YL, n=41) or Exchange (EXG, n=35) group. Diet plans included an energy‐restricted (ER; 1500 or 1700 kcal/d), moderate‐protein pattern including Yopla...

A number of diet and exercise programs purport to help promote and maintain weight loss. However, few studies have compared the efficacy of different methods. To determine whether adherence to a meal-replacement-based diet program (MRP) with encouragement to increase physical activity is as effective as following a more structured meal-plan-based d...

Middle school students should consume 5 to 6 oz equivalents/d (girls) and 6–7 oz equivalents (boys) of grains, with at least half as whole grain (WG). Current total intakes average 5.3 oz equivalents/d, with WG intakes at 1.1 oz equivalents/d. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of providing refined or WG foods to adolescents with enc...

The symposium "Putting the Whole Grain Puzzle Together: Health Benefits Associated with Whole Grains" sponsored by the ASN brought together researchers to review the evidence regarding the health benefits associated with whole grains. Current scientific evidence indicates that whole grains play an important role in lowering the risk of chronic dise...

This study utilized one-day dietary recalls from 1999-2006 NHANES for men and women ages 20+ who were non-pregnant and non-lactating (n=16,748). Mean fiber intake was 15.7 g/day. The study population was divided into separate quartiles for men and women based on total fiber intake. After adjusting for age, age2, energy, ethnicity, alcohol consumpti...

Objective was to assess the effects of an intervention involving TLC diet, including consumption of a plant sterol containing yogurt, on the fasting lipoprotein lipid profile and blood pressure in men and women with primary hypercholesterolemia. Study included men and women (n = 34), 40–69 yrs, with fasting LDL‐C of 130–210 mg/dL. At week 0, partic...

Objective was to determine vitamin D intake and food sources in US (n=7837) and Canadian (n=4025) populations using 7‐ or 14‐d food intake data from a nationally representative population. Mean vitamin D intake ranged from 3.7 to 6.0 mcg/d. One‐third of the 2–50 y age groups met their AI for vitamin D, except US women, 19–50 y, where only 23% met t...

Weight loss and consumption of viscous fibers both lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. We evaluated whether or not a whole-grain, ready-to-eat (RTE) oat cereal containing viscous fiber, as part of a dietary program for weight loss, lowers LDL cholesterol levels and improves other cardiovascular disease risk markers more than a d...

Given the interest in the vascular effects of both soyfoods and soy isoflavones, the purpose of this short review is to evaluate clinical trials that have examined the effects of isoflavone-rich soy products on the novel cardiovascular risk factors, cellular adhesion molecules, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. A total of 14 randomized clinical studi...

Studies show rapid weight loss with short‐term use of ready‐to‐eat (RTE) breakfast cereals as partial meal replacements. This study was designed to compare 2 wk weight loss from partial meal replacements of Special K® Original (Kellogg Company) vs. a calorie‐matched whole grain control cereal (General Mills, Inc.). Overweight women (42±11 y; 31.7±4...

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of consuming a whole‐grain ready‐to‐eat (RTE) oat cereal (containing 3 g/d of oat beta‐glucan), compared with low‐fiber control foods, during a 12‐week weight loss program. Recommendations included a low‐fat, portion controlled diet (~500 kcal/d deficit) and encouragement to increase physical a...

Women (43±10 y; 33.6±;4.7 kg/m2) randomized to group B (n = 37; Curves® program of a reduced‐calorie diet including whole grain cereals and snack bars [General Mills, Inc.] and circuit training 3d/wk) lost more weight over 10 wks than women randomized to group A (n=40; a reduced‐calorie program that included Special K® cereals and cereal bars [Kell...

To compare the effects of two diet and exercise programs on weight and body composition, overweight, sedentary women (41±11 y; 33.5±4.5 kg/m2) were randomized into 2 different 10 wk weight loss programs. Group A (n=45) replaced 2 meals/d with Special K® cereal (SK; Kellogg Company), skim milk and fruit for 2 wks, then reduced ~500 kcals/d by eating...

Asian Indian (AI) immigrants have been suggested to be at increased risk for chronic disease. This study examined the metabolic risk factors for CVD among AI immigrants participating in a health fair in Southern Michigan, in the U.S. Participants included AI men (n = 44) and women (n = 57) who completed a demographic questionnaire, blood lipid (TC...

The main objective of this descriptive study was to determine the energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes as well as the dietary supplement use of female 2002 US national elite synchronized skaters. One hundred twenty-two female synchronized skaters (mean age = 15.7 ± 2.4 years) from the 2002 US national synchronized skating teams particip...

Nutrition programs that target English-as-Second-Language (ESL) students can potentially improve their nutrition knowledge. This pilot study evaluated the effect of a Food Guide Pyramid (FGP) lesson on nutrition knowledge of ESL students (ages 9-12 years) in a refugee after-school program. A pre- and post-FGP lesson one group design was used. A 12-...

The purpose of this study was to determine collegiate athletes' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors concerning hydration and fluid replacement. A survey containing questions pertaining to demographics and knowledge, attitude, and behavior on hydration and fluid replacement was distributed to the athletes during team meetings and practices. A total...

The objectives of the study were to determine the nutrient intakes and to examine body image perceptions and weight concerns of elite female US international synchronized skaters. One hundred and twenty-three skaters (mean age = 17.0 +/- 2.1 y; BMI = 21.32 +/- 2.13) representing six US international synchronized skating teams from the 1998 competit...

This study examined the food group intake and the dietary quality of middle-aged and older Gujarati Asian Indian immigrants (45 years or older) living in two urban metropolitan areas in the U.S. Participants (90 men, 99 females) completed a 24-hour dietary recall, which was used to determine if they met the daily food group intake guidelines of the...

Metabolic syndrome has a high prevalence within the U.S population. Asian Indians have a greater prevalence of the chronic diseases associated with this syndrome compared to Caucasians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of risk factors of metabolic syndrome in young adult Asian Indians. Behavioral risk factors, dietary intake, and anthro...

The purpose of this study was to examine the correlates of healthy behaviors and self-rated health in middle-aged and older Asian Indian immigrants in the U.S. Asian Indian men (n=162) and women (n=64), 50 years of age or older completed a telephone survey which collected information regarding demographics, behavioral risk factors, acculturation, p...

Body mass index (BMI) is believed to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risks. A major question is whether each BMI category provides independent risk information and whether the BMI categories provide similar results for African-American (AA) men and women relative to lipid, lipoproteins, and blood pressure. A descriptive research des...

The primary objective of this descriptive study was to assess the perception of quality of life and diabetes knowledge among young persons with type 1 diabetes. The secondary objectives were to examine the influence of treatment modality (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion vs multiple daily injections) and demographics on quality of life and...

This article describes the development and evaluation of a nutrition education module, "Nutrition Survival Skills," for freshmen students at a large urban university. Students' perceptions of the module, presented by five nutrition graduate students as part of Freshmen Learning Communities (FLCs) and Georgia State University (GSU) 1010, New Student...

This study examines the validity of the short form (eight items) Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), as a screening tool for mental health problems among older immigrants who are minorities. The factor structure of the CES-D is examined empirically using two samples of older Asian Indian immigrants in the United States: the...

The objectives of this study were to determine food preferences, body image perceptions, dieting behaviors, and nutrient intakes of elite male and female figure skaters. Male (n = 23) and female (n = 26) figure skaters completed a food preference checklist, a questionnaire examining their demographics, dieting behaviors and body image perceptions,...

Using the life stress model of psychological well-being, in this study we examined risks and resources predicting the occurrence of both positive and negative affect among older Asian Indian immigrants who experienced stressful life events. We collected data through a telephone survey of 226 respondents (aged 50 years and older) in the Southeastern...

Maintaining appropriate body weight is important for athletic performance. Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to classify an individual's body weight. However, in the case of athletes, who may have a high body weight due to higher lean body mass, BMI may lead to misclassification of the athlete as overweight or obese. Thus, both BMI and body co...

Maintaining appropriate body weight is important for athletic performance. Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to classify an individual's body weight. However, in the case of athletes, who may have a high body weight due to higher lean body mass, BMI may lead to misclassification of the athlete as overweight or obese. Thus, both BMI and body co...

The present study examined the prevalence of dietary supplement use among elite figure skaters, gender differences in supplement use, and differences in nutrient intake of supplement users versus non-users. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 59) figure skaters completed a supplement survey and 3-day food records. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, a...

The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the dietary intake of female soccer players from the Under-21 (U-21) United States women’s national soccer team. Participants completed three-day food records and a medical history questionnaire. The female soccer players reported an energy intake of 34 kcal/kg body weight (total 2015 kcal/day). The con...

To examine the nutrient intake of Gujarati Asian Indian immigrants in the U.S. and the influence of length of residence in the U.S. and socioeconomic status (SES) on their macronutrient intake. Subjects were male (n = 90) and female (n = 99) Gujarati Asian Indian immigrants over the age of 45. Each participant completed a 24-hour dietary recall. Di...

Asian Indians (AIs) have considerable within-group diversity in education levels, socioeconomic status, language, and diet based on the region of origin in India. The objective of this study was to determine if dietary intake patterns vary based on region of origin among first generation AI immigrants and if these differences influence body mass in...

To examine the contribution of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snack to the macronutrient and micronutrient intake of elite male and female figure skaters during their competitive season. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 48) figure skaters who participated in the 1999 U.S. National Figure Skating Championships completed the study. Each athlete completed...

The purpose of this study was to determine the dietary practices, attitudes, and physiological status of freshman collegiate football players. Thirty-one freshman football players at a National Collegiate Athletic Association division I school completed a self-administered nutrition screening questionnaire designed to determine their dietary practi...

The main objective of the present study was to examine the dietary intake and physiological status of members of the US National Figure Skating Dance Team. Study participants included seven female and seven male figure skating dance pairs. Three-day food records were collected from each dancer and analyzed using a computerized nutrient database. He...

This research examines the relationship between social integration and health status (i.e., prevalence of chronic health conditions) among older first generation Asian Indian (AI) immigrants in the U.S. Data were collected through a telephone survey from 226 respondents (50 years and over) in the Southeastern U.S. The correlates of health status we...

The present study examined the effects of reducing dietary total fat and saturated fat (SFA) on LDL oxidative susceptibility in 27 healthy men and women (age 24-65 y). Each subject consumed each of three diets for 8 wk: an average American diet (AAD, 34% energy from fat, 15% from SFA), a Step-1 diet (29% fat, 9% SFA) and a very low SFA diet (Low-Sa...

This study examines the degree of under-reporting of energy intake by elite, female gymnasts, and the impact this predicted under-reporting has on associated macro and micro nutrient intake. Twenty-eight female U.S. national team artistic gymnasts participated in the study. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day food records, and the degree of und...

The purpose of this study was to design, develop, and formatively evaluate a computer-based multi-media nutrition education program for adults based on the Dick and Carey model of instructional design. The 4 phases of the study included analysis, design, development, and evaluation. Seventy-two volunteers from the US Air Force, aged 18 to 50 years,...

This study examined the accuracy of a multiple-pass, 24-hour dietary recall method for estimating energy intakes of men and women by comparing it with energy intake required for weight maintenance. Three-day, multiple-pass, 24-hour recalls were obtained on randomly selected days during a self-selected diet period when subjects were preparing their...

This study examined the dietary intake and socioeconomic factors that contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among elderly, African- American women. Thirty-six African-American women between the ages of 57 to 77 years of age were recruited from senior citizen centers and community dwellings for older persons in metropolitan Atlanta, GA. Al...

This study assessed the nutrient intake, body composition and biochemical indices of National Figure Skating Championship competitors. Four-day diet records, fasting blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were obtained 2 months after the National Championships from 41 figure skaters 11-18 years of age. Energy, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fib...

Liquid-formula diets (LFDs) are useful in metabolic studies of the cholesterolemic effects of dietary lipids because they can be formulated with accuracy, facilitating precise delivery of fatty acids of interest. However, because of differences in composition and nutrient delivery between LFDs and solid-food diets (SFDs), there is a need to determi...

The degree of under-reporting of energy intake by elite, female gymnasts was assessed using the standards established by Goldberg et al (1991). 28 female g\Tiinasts from the US national artistic gymnastics team completed the 3-day food records during their training period. The degree of under-reporting was determined using the ratio of reported ene...

This descriptive study investigated quality of life issues, biochemical indices, and nutritional parameters of individuals with HIV/AIDS before the initiation of protease inhibitors (PI) and after PI therapy. Telephone interviews were conducted with 45 men and women who were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. A 26-item subjective questionnaire was used to de...

To examine the effects of manipulating dietary fat in foods on sensitivity and hedonic response to fat in selected foods. Twenty subjects were randomly assigned to a sequence of three 8-week experimental diets (average American diet, step 1 diet, low-saturated-fat diet) that varied in energy from fat (37%, 30%, and 26%, respectively) and saturated...

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein responses have been variable in dietary intervention studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Step I and Step II dietary interventions on major cardiovascular disease risk factors using meta-analysis. MEDLINE was used to select 37 dietary interventi...

The nutrient intakes and dietary practices of elite, U.S. national team, artistic female gymnasts (n = 33) were evaluated using 3-day food records. The gymnasts' reported energy intake was 43.4 kcal/kg (total 1,678 kcal/day), which was 20% below the estimated energy requirement. The contributions of protein, fat, and carbohydrate to total energy in...

Studies with animal models suggest that saturated fatty acids raise low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels by reducing LDL receptor-mediated clearance. To examine this directly in humans, we studied the effects of lowering dietary saturated fat on LDL-receptor abundance in peripheral mononuclear cells which reflects hepatic LDL-receptor s...

It is clear that there are remarkably diverse biological effects elicited by the individual fatty acids found commonly in the diet. Some fatty acids increase risk factors for certain chronic diseases whereas others are protective. This article discusses our present understanding of how fatty acids affect risk factors for important chronic diseases....

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of coronary heart disease among older persons. With an increasing elderly population, cardiovascular disease has become an urgent public health concern. Diet plays an important role in atherogenesis with known beneficial effects on major risk factors among the younger population--cholesterol, hypertension, and d...

This study characterized the fatty acid intake pattern and the contribution of different food groups to the fatty acid intake of Americans using the U.S. Department of Agriculture's 1987–1988 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey. The fatty acid intake was estimated using three-day food consumption data for children age 6–11 and for males and females...

Clinical feeding studies offer an excellent opportunity to compare actual and self-reported amounts of foods eaten. We used participants in a multicenter clinical trial, who received well-controlled experimental diets, to compare differences in methods of estimating portions of foods. We examined diet recalls of 18 females and 25 males (aged 22 to...

Sources of error in diet assessment studies include inaccurate estimation of portion sizes, incorrect description of food items, incomplete recall of food items eaten and inclusion of extraneous foods. Data from free-living subjects on self-selected diets usually cannot separate the sources of error because of uncertainties about actual food intake...

To test the possibility that dietary palmitic acid (16:0) may be lithogenic, different fats were blended to exchange 18:1 in olive oil with either 16:0 in palm stearin, 12:0 + 14:0 in coconut oil, or 14:0 + 16:0 in butterfat. Dietary 18:2 was held constant at 1.2% energy (en) (with extra safflower oil as needed) in these four purified diets contain...

In vitro iron availability was determined from a standard cereal meal (C) with and without the addition of protein isolates from bovine milk (BP), groundnut milk (GP) and soybean milk (SP). A second set of studies were done to investigate the potentially available iron from fenugreek leaves per se and the effect of their addition on the available i...

The effect of dietary fibers on plasma lipids, liver cholesterol and fecal cholesterol excretion was investigated in hamsters. Male 9- to 11-wk-old Golden-Syrian hamsters (n = 155) were fed a purified hypercholesterolemic diet (0.1% cholesterol, 10% fat) for 5 wk to elevate plasma lipid concentrations. Sixteen animals with elevated plasma total cho...

Bioavailability of iron in soy flour was investigated by the Hemoglobin Regeneration Efficiency (HRE) procedure in 50 three-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats weighing 250 ±7 g and with a mean hemoglobin level of 12.9 g/dl were randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups: baseline (BL), unheated soy flour (UH), soy flour heated at 225°F for...

Sources of error in diet assessment studies include inaccurate estimation of portion sizes, incorrect description of food items, incomplete recall of food items eaten and inclusion of extraneous foods. Data from free-living subjects on self-selected diets usually cannot separate the sources of error because of uncertainties about actual food intake...