Satish Patel

• PhD
• Professor at Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

The Narmada Basin in west‐central India forms the northern part of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ). The Cretaceous Bagh Group rocks of the Western Lower Narmada Valley (WLNV) succession was studied for sedimentary facies analysis and ichnology. Textural and mineralogical characteristics along with primary and secondary sedimentary structure...

The Cretaceous-Palaeogene intertrappean deposits of the Deccan Volcanic Province of India comprise vertebrate, invertebrate and plant fossils of the dominantly continental realm. A 3–4 m thick shaly-sandstone lacustrine intertrappean sequence of Early Palaeogene (Palaeocene-Early Eocene) Bamanbor Formation, Chotila Basin (Saurashtra province, Gujar...

The sedimentary sequence of the Ninama Basin is associated with the latest phase of the continental Deccan volcanism of the Indian peninsula. It occurs as inter-, intratrappeans with a 39-m thick sequence comprising Sukhbhadar Formation and Ninama Limestone. The investigation aims to reconstruct its depositional setting based on the lithofacies and...

The periphery of the Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP) of India comprises sedimentary succession deposited during the waning phase of volcanism across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary which preserves the continental biota. The Saurashtra Peninsula, a part of the Saurashtra-Kachchh sub-province, exposes thick intertrappean sedimentary successions, sys...

For decades, naming the rosetted trace fossil species of Dactyloidites ottoi or Haentzschelinia ottoi has been a matter of discussion. The phobotactic behaviour of the trace makers reflecting systematic mining to form branched radial elements converging at the central vertical shafts in both the ichnogenera are similar and foreknown. Berriasian mar...

Hillichnus lobosensis, a multi-morphological preserved trace fossil represents the combined locomotion and feeding behavioral activities of the tellinacean bivalves. Several specimens of this complex well preserved, endogenic structures are found in the mixed siliciclastic-carbonate rocks of the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian-Callovian) of the Island B...

The evolution of the Narmada, Saurashtra, and Kachchh basins in the western margin of the Indian Craton is associated with the Middle Jurassic segmentation of Gondwana. The Narmada Basin was evolved during the Early Cretaceous and preserved a thick clastic and non-clastic sequence of the Bagh Group. The succession lies unconformably on the Precambr...

Jurassic deposits of shallow to marginal marine (delta) environments are widely reported from different continents of the world. This study shows inter-relationship of the animal-sediment behaviours in shallow and marginal marine conditions, suggesting an interpretation of the possible ichnodisparity. The Jurassic succession exposed at Washtawa Dom...

Synrift basin margin successions are greatly influenced by eustatic sea level changes, tectonics and accommodation space filled in by sediments. The Middle Jurassic (Bajocian–Callovian) of Chorar Island (western India) comprises a ~109-m-thick synrift basin margin succession of clastic, non-clastic and mixed siliciclastic-carbonate rocks which are...

The probable trace maker of B. hemispherica is the fact that one encounters different agegroups of sea anemone burrows extended at variable depths in soft, unconsolidated, non-fluidized mud to get stability. It occurs as densely packed, vertical to subvertical, usually unornamented, occasionally showing faint, thin, ring-like structures, allochemic...

Synrift basin margin successions are greatly influenced by eustatic sea level changes, tectonics and accommodation space filled in by sediments. The Middle Jurassic (Bajocian–Callovian) of Chorar Island (western India) comprises a ~109-m-thick synrift basin margin succession of clastic, non-clastic and mixed siliciclastic-carbonate rocks which are...

The Middle Jurassic (Bajocian-Callovian) of Chorar Island in eastern Kachchh comprises of ~109 m thick sequence of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments, limestone, ferruginous sandstone and shales; divided into Khadir and Gadhada formations. The sequence is further analysed and nine lithofacies namely, micritic sandstone, allochemic sandstone, s...

Chorar Island exposes ∼109 m thick middle Jurassic (Bathonian-Callovian) succession in the eastern most part of the Kachchh Basin, Patan District, Gujarat and is divided into two, Khadir and Gadhada formations. It mainly comprises of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments and limestones; the shales dominate the lower part of the succession while t...

We propose an application of the microtremor (ambient noise) H/V spectral ratio technique to identify significant rheological boundaries at shallow depths, estimate thickness of both lignite bearing Tertiary sedimentary sequence and late Cretaceous Deccan basalt flows and comprehend basinal geometry of Umarsar Basin (Babia syncline). Forty-six stat...

Ancient deltaic facies are difficult to differentiate from tidally influenced shallow-marine facies. The Wagad Sandstone Formation of the Wagad Highland (eastern Kachchh Basin) is typified by offshore and deltaic facies with sedimentary characteristics that represent different conditions of hydrodynamics and related depositional processes. The stud...

Plug-shaped ichnofossils Conichnus conicus, Conostichus broadheadi and C. stouti are found in the intercalated micritic sandstone and sandy allochemic limestone shale sequence of Bagh Group, Narmada district, Gujarat. These ichnospecies occur at two stratigraphic levels and shows distinct morphological features interpreted as resting/dwelling struc...

The microtremor method is applied to map subsurface rheological boundaries (stratigraphic, faults and plutons) is based on strong acoustic impedance across contrasting density of rock/ sediment/ weathered interfaces up to shallow depths along longitude 74° 3'50" E from village Amba Dongar (latitude: 21° 59'N) up to Sinhada village (latitude: 22° 14...

On the basis of distinct lithologic features such as composition, grain size, bedding characteristics and sedimentary structures, six facies were identified in Callovian to Oxfordian rocks exposed southwest of Bhuj, Kachchh. They are interbedded calcareous shale-siltstone (ICSSF), limestone (LF), ferruginous sandstone (FerSF), felspathic sandstone...

The shallow marine deposits of the Late-Middle Jurassic (Callovian–Oxfordian) Jumara Formation of the Gangeshwar Dome of Mainland Kachchh, India, comprise a succession of ~247 m thick clastic sediments with few non-clastic bands and contain a diverse group of ichnofauna. The succession is subdivided into seven lithofacies, viz., laminated shale-sil...

Bhuj Formation, well exposed in the Khatrod (Katrol) hill range, southeast of Bhuj, comprises ~395 m thick clastic sequence ranging in age from Berriasian to Albian. The lower part of the sequence is shaly which gradually show intercalation with sandstone and finally become arenaceous at the top. Studied sequence is divided into eight sedimentary f...

The present article is a maiden attempt to map shallow subsurface rheological interfaces laterally across the Banni Plains and to decode geometry of the antecedent faults associated with the Kachchh Mainland Fault using the microtremor method. We conducted microtremor data acquisition for thirty-one sites along N-S transect from Loriya in Mainland...

Bharasar dome of the Charwar hill range, south of Bhuj, Kachchh, western India, exposes ~180 meter thick rocks of the Jumara Formation (Callovian to Oxfordian). The Jumara Formation comprises of clastic and nonclastic sediments from which six lithofacies are identified which include: Intercalated Calcareous Shale-Siltstone (ICSS), Limestone (L), In...

We interpret the subsurface distribution pattern of Late Cretaceous sandstone reservoirs in the Ramnad sub-basin within the framework of sequence stratigraphy via biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic correlation with outcrop sections in the Ariyalur area of the Cauvery basin. The sequence stratigraphic surfaces recognized in outcrop sections can...

Kachchh is well-known for geological studies; at the same time it becomes famous for geomorphological studies too due to much variation in the same. Kachchh coast line is unique among the geomorphic features of Indian Coast line. Coastal geomorphological studies increasingly become interesting due to varied nature of the coast line within a small a...

The middle Jurassic Goradongar Formation exposed in Goradongar hill represents a mixed siliciclasticcarbonate succession with shales and limestones. They contain a large number of well preserved trace fossils. Total 44 ichnospecies of 31 ichnogenera; representing diverse ethology, were grouped in five ichnoassemblages (Planolites, Palaeophycus, Gyr...

The Upper Bhuban rocks of Bhuban Formation are well exposed in the western part of Aizawl comprising sandstone, siltstone, shales and their admixtures. The grey sandstone unit exposed at Sakawrtuichhun, Aizawl is marked by well preserved trace fossils comprising Diplocraterion parallelum, Palaeophycus tubularis, Planolites beverleyensis, Rhizocoral...

The rock succession belonging to Middle Bhuban Unit of Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) is the thickest lithostratigraphic unit in Mizoram. A ~120 m thick sequence comprising sandstone, siltstone and shale belonging to Middle Bhuban Unit of Bhuban Formation, Surma Group along Bawngkawn-Edenthar road section in Aizawl, Mizoram...

Miocene sequence of the northwestern part of the Kachchh has been studied for their trace fossils content. This sequence is ~80 m thick and chiefly comprises of highly fossiliferous and bioturbated argillaceous limestone and shales. Organic components are mainly represented by bivalves, gastropods, echinoderms, foraminifers, corals and bryozoans wh...

A new ichnospecies of the ichnogenus Funalichnus Pokorný is described from the Middle Bhuban Unit, Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower - Middle Miocene) of Aizawl, Mizoram, India. Funalichnus bhubani isp. Nov. Is a large burrow displaying cylindrical segments that are oriented nearly perpendicular to the bedding plane. The new ichnospecies can be...

Synaeresis cracks are observed at different stratigraphic levels in shallow marine mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments of the Middle Jurassic rocks of the Patcham Island, Kachchh, Western India. Cracks are preserved as cast or grooves in micritic sandstone of the Kuar bet member of Kaladongar Formation and sandy allochem limestone of the Raimal...

A well preserved and diversified trace fossil assemblage has been identified from the Middle Bhuban unit of the Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) exposed along the Bawngkawn - Durtlang road section, Aizawl, Mizoram. A 615 meter thick succession comprising sandstone, siltstone, shale, mudstone and their admixtures in various pr...

The Callovian-Oxfordian sediments, exposed in the Gangeshwar dome, SE of Bhuj (Kachchh), represent 247 m thick highly bioturbated sequence, comprising of sandstone, siltstone, shale and limestone. The presence of trace fossils suites, reflecting the characteristics of the behavioral patterns, are intimately related to the depositional processes tha...

Gangta Bet, a structurally controlled elliptical dome, occurs as small detached landmass situated on the western fringe of Wagad highland and comprises thick marine clastic and non-clastic sequence of the Upper-Middle Jurassic period. It comprises 103 meter thick exposed sequence, which consists of various types of sandstones, shale, conglomerate,...

The Jurassic rocks are well exposed in the Gangta Bet of the Wagad region, Eastern Kachchh. The succession consists of thick arenaceous unit overlain by the calcareous sandstone-siltstone-shales and capped by the algal limestone. The Lower sandstone units are highly ferruginized, fractured, weathered and exposed in core of the Gangta Dome. The calc...

The rocks of the Kaladongar Formation, consisting of oldest Mesozoic sequence of the Kachchh basin, are exposed in the Patcham Island, Kachchh, Western India. This Formation attained thickness of about 464 m and is divided into three Members, namely; Dingy Hill Member/Kuar Bet Member, Kaladongar Sandstone Member and Babia Cliff Sandstone Member. Ea...

A detailed ichnological study performed on the Bhuban Formation, Surma Group (Lower to Middle Miocene) of Mizoram, India reveals the occurrence of rich and diverse trace fossils. These have been collected from the two localities in Aizawl, i.e., Bawngkawn and Ropaiabawk, where sandstone—shale sequence is well exposed. Total 20 ichnospecies of 14 ic...

The Middle Jurassic rocks of the Kaladongar Formation well exposed in the Kaladongar Hill range of the Patcham Island and Kuar Bet of the Northern Kachchh comprises of ~450m thick sequence of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments intercalated with shales. These Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments show wide variation in textural and mineralogi...

The post-mortem transports of the benthic foraluinifers consisting offorty species of twenty one genera were studied in the intertidal zone of Mandvi coast in the Gulf of Kachchh. The shallow shelf fauna are more abundant and dil'erse and some forms arc commonly abraded beyond the recognition. Thc subtidal forms are also abundantly found in all geo...

Well preserved ichnofossils were found in Kulakkalnattam sandstone exposed at Kulakkalnattam stream in Ariyalur area, Cauvery Basin. It consists of infaunal structures of both suspension and deposit feeders. Five ichnofossils are present in a fine to coarse grain sandstone which includes Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Planolites Skolithos, and Thalassi...

The oldest Jurassic sediments belonging to the Dingy Member of the Kaladongar Formation of the Kachchh basin are exposed as an isolated uplift in the Kuar Bet area, NW of Patcham Island. The exposed succession is about ~226m thick and comprises of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate and fine to coarse grained clastic sediments and further divided in to s...

Sediments of Manaveli Formation (Palaeocene) are studied from the Thondaimanattam quarry section and Manaveli section of the Pondicherry area, which comprises of bioturbated arenaceous limestone-shale and shaly-sandstone sequences respectively. These sediments consist of high density and low diversity trace fossil genera which includes Lanicodichnu...

Dhosa Oolite Member of the Jumara Formation comprises alternating bands of oolitic limestones and shales, exposed in Jhura dome of Mainland Kachchh, Western India. This sequence is highly bioturbated and exhibits a moderate diversity and behaviourally complex assemblage of ichnospecies. The rhythmically bedded sequence shows three different levels...

The burrow systems of the goby fish in the intertidal sediments serves for protection and dwelling purpose and most importantly these burrows are irrigated by water which supply the oxygen and keep body surface wet. The overall dimensions of the burrow decrease towards the lower intertidal zone. In all, behavioural structure produced by the goby fi...

Belemnites and ammonites were collected from the Dhosa Oolite beds of Jara Dome in Kachchh. The Dhosa Oolite is an important marker of the Mesozoic sediments exposed in the Kachchh Basin. Nine belemnite species are reported belonging to four genera Belemnopsis, Demubelus, Hibolithes and Conodicoelites. These include Belemnopsis cf. moluccana Boehm,...

Animal-sediment relationships of two benthic communities (Crustaceans and Polychaetes) were studied around Mandvi coast in the Gulf of Kachchh, Western India. This coast consists of many micro-geomorphic landforms in which benthic communities are inhabited and select their niches and produce endemic biogenic structures. Five intertidal subfacies ha...

The ichnological study of die Jhuran Formation (Kimmerdgian-Tithonian) exposed at Jara Dome of Western Kachchh has revealed the presence of twenty-two ichnospecies. These ichnofossils are typically well expressed at bed transitions, especially at intercalated shale-siltstone-sandstone sequences. The Jhuran Formation is divided into seven lithounits...

The Kachchh coastline (Western India) displays Holocene raised beaches and moderately dewatered tidal mud with abundant mangrove trunks. These deposits contain abundant crustaceans, polychaetes and bivalve traces of subtidal to intertidal origin. Ichnologically these deposits are characterised by ichnospecies like Gastrochaenolites, Skolithos, Ophi...

Middle Jurassic rocks of the Habo Dome consist of well-preserved abundant trace fossil genera. These are described from the black limestone of Jhurio Formation and overlying thick clastic sequence which is capped by thin bands of oolitic limestone of Jumara Formation. Total 30 ichnospecies of 23 ichnogenera are identified and their preservational a...

Trace fossil of ichnospecies Asteriacites quinquefolius - QUENSTEDT 1876, of the pentamerous star fish is recorded for the first time from the Central Mainland Kachchh, Western India. It occurs in the lower part of Bhuj Formation, on thin slabs of fine grained sandstone that intercalate with siltstone, along with symmetrical ripple surface covered...

The Eocene subsurface rocks of North Cambay Basin, Western India (Linch and Nandasan area) comprise essentially of Cambay Shale, Kadi and Kalol formations. These formations are clastic in nature, showing coarsening upwards sequences, and consist of medium to fine grained sandstones, siltstones, silty and carbonaceous shales with thin lignite bands...

Activation of Narmada rift during Early Cretaceous is inferred from the presence of co-seismic structures like, recumbent folds, cusps and mud intrusions in rocks of Early Cretaceous Nimar Sandstone of Ambadongar area, Gujarat. The soft sediment deformation structures indicate large earthquake event in the Lower Narmada Valley Studies on such struc...

On 26 January 200 I, a major earthquake of magnitude of 7.7 caused extensive damage in Kachchh and other parts of Gujarat. Mandvi coast in the Gulf of Kachchh, which is 150 km far from the epicentral zone, is also highly affected by the high magnitude seismic waves causing deformed structures in soft sediments. These induced deformed soft sediment...

In Connection with studies on animal-sediment relationship. involving burrows made by polychactes, cruStaceans and molluscs. crdbs were collected by one of us (BGD) from the imertidal zone around Mandvi region (22'" 55' N. 69<' 20' E) in the Gulf of Kutch. A total of seven spec ies were co llected and identified as follows: ,8<

Studies on the Mandvi coast in the Gulf of Kachchh, Western India, reveal that the relative mobility of the sediments on beach-bar complex by flood and ebb tide along with the groundwater fluctuation causes trapping of air in different sediment layers. This entrapment of air produces various types of air trap structures (i.e. sand domes, mound and...

Structures such as sand domes, sand holes and bubble/cavernous sand found in the Chari Sandstone of Kachchh owe their origin to trapping and escaping of air between two water saturated layers of sand in fluctuating tidal conditions.

The occurrence of Glossifungites ichnofacies from the Vinjhanian stage exposed near Vinjhan in Kutch have confined its development of the firm but unlithified substrates possibly intertidal to subtidal in nature where the semeconsolidated substrate provided resistance to erosion and supported three generations of borings by different organisms. The...