Satinder Aneja

Lady Hardinge Medical College | LHMC · Department of Paediatrics

Background With the increased availability of licensed vaccines for respiratory viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza virus, a better understanding of the viral aetiology of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) among children could help in optimising the use of these...

Background Hypoxemia predicts mortality at all levels of care, and appropriate management can reduce preventable deaths. However, pulse oximetry and oxygen therapy remain inaccessible in many primary care health facilities. We aimed to develop and validate a simple risk score comprising commonly evaluated clinical features to predict hypoxemia in 2...

Over the years, survival of children with chronic diseases has significantly improved and a large proportion of them now are entering into adulthood. Transition of Care (ToC) of such patients with having childhood onset of chronic diseases to the adult health care system is well organized in developed countries, although it is an emerging concept i...

Inborn errors of metabolism : varied clinical presentation

Objectives: We determined pulse oximetry benefit in pediatric pneumonia mortality-risk stratification and chest indrawing pneumonia in-hospital mortality risk factors. Methods: We report characteristics and in-hospital pneumonia-related mortality of children 2-59-months-old included in the Pneumonia Research Partnership to Assess WHO Recommendat...

Background: The existing World Health Organization (WHO) pneumonia case management guidelines rely on clinical symptoms and signs for identifying, classifying, and treating pneumonia in children up to 5 years old. We aimed to collate an individual patient-level data set from large, high-quality pre-existing studies on pneumonia in children to iden...

Our objective was to compare the point prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) in children taking sodium valproate (VPA) and phenytoin sodium (PS) monotherapy for >1 year. 150 children, aged 6–18 years, were categorized (50 each) into - group A (VPA), group B (PS) and group C (healthy controls age-sex matched with group A). Groups were compared for m...

This is a Brighton Collaboration case definition of thrombosis and thromboembolism to be used in the evaluation of adverse events following immunization, and for epidemiologic studies for the assessment of background incidence or hypothesis testing. The case definition was developed by a group of experts convened by the Coalition for Epidemic Prepa...

Purpose : Multiple interventions have been studied for benzodiazepine-resistant status epilepticus (SE) in children and adults. This review aimed to summarize the available evidence and provide estimates of comparative effectiveness and ranking of treatment effects. Methods : All randomized controlled trials studying patients (>1 month of age) wit...

Introduction Existing risk assessment tools to identify children at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality have shown suboptimal discriminatory value during external validation. Our objective was to derive and validate a novel risk assessment tool to identify children aged 2–59 months at risk of hospitalised pneumonia-related mortality ac...

A large proportion of children under the age of five years who do not attain their expected developmental potential belong to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The strategies used for identifying children with high risk for developmental delay/disorders include developmental screening, surveillance, and monitoring. Suitability criteria for...

Early childhood development (ECD) provides building blocks for future educational achievement, emotional and moral development; the early years of life provide a critical window of opportunity for intervention. Experts across the world are emphasizing on promotion of ECD through the 5-pronged Nurturing Care Framework (NCF). The Sustainable Developm...

Background Existing scores to identify children at risk of hospitalized pneumonia-related mortality lack broad external validation. Our objective was to externally validate three such risk scores. Methods We applied the Respiratory Index of Severity in Children (RISC) for HIV-negative children, the RISC-Malawi, and the Pneumonia Etiology Research...

Objective To assess the point prevalence of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to determine their predictors.Methods In this cross-sectional study, children aged 8–18 y with T1DM on insulin therapy for > 2 y and free from acute complications were enrolled. All participants were evaluated for symptoms of...

Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of Parent’s Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), PEDS Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM) and PEDS Combined for developmental screening of Indian children aged less than 2 y.MethodA hospital-based study of diagnostic accuracy was conducted over 17 mo. Children under 24 mo (n = 180) were enrolled afte...

Background Faltering of growth in early life has been recognized as a public health challenge among Indian babies. A two-day consultation on growth faltering in early infancy was organized to examine the data and evidence on identification and management of early growth failure and to identify knowledge gaps and future areas of research. The consul...

Objectives This cross‐sectional study was designed to test the applicability of the 1989, 2010, and 2017 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification of epilepsy in children from a resource‐limited setting in India. Methods Classification of seizure types and syndromes was done through parental interviews and review of medical recor...

This is a Brighton Collaboration case definition of the term “Sensorineural Hearing Loss” to be utilized in the evaluation of adverse events following immunization. The case definition was developed by a group of experts convened by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) in the context of active development of vaccines for Lassa...

Objective: To assess clinical profile and short term treatment outcomes of pediatric status epilepticus (SE) at a tertiary-care center in northern India. Methods: Prospective cohort study enrolled children aged 1 month to 18 years presenting with SE to the emergency department. Enrolled children (109) were treated as per hospital protocols. Clin...

Objectives: To assess the neurodevelopmental outcome of West syndrome (WS) in Indian children, who differ in their clinical profile from the western population. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled children aged 2--5 years with prior diagnosis of WS between November 2013 and March 2015. They were assessed for epilepsy outco...

The article provides the definition for Neonatal Seizures for collection of of neonatal and vaccine safety research.

Objective To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA) in children aged between 2–5 years. Design Study of diagnostic accuracy Setting Tertiary level hospital, (November 2015–November 2017). Participants A consecutive sample of 500 children with suspected Autism (delay or regression of developmental milest...

Injection vincristine is an important component of therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). An important adverse effect of vincristine is neurotoxicity. The incidence of this adverse effect is well studied. The present was undertaken to determine the incidence of vincristine-induced neurotoxicity in children with ALL after the induction of r...

When a child is diagnosed with epilepsy, counseling regarding the same is done by the treating doctor. Most parents are frightened and have poor knowledge about epilepsy. Therapeutic advice including drug dosage, administration and side effects takes up the major part of physician’s time, thereby neglecting important issues like home seizure manage...

Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a common acquired polyneuropathy in children. Aim: To describe the clinical and serial electrophysiological features along with short-term outcomes of children with GBS in north India. Setting and design: This was a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care pediatric hospital in north India. M...

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in children contribute to poorer patient outcomes. However, reliable data ragarding such ADRs is not available. Objectives: Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the incidence and patterns of ADRs of antiepileptic drugs in children aged 2-17 years presentin...

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are multisystemic inherited metabolic disorders with marked phenotypic variability. The most frequent described type is PMM2-CDG (earlier known as CDG Type Ia) which presents either with pure neurologic features or with combined neurologic and systemic features. The classical presentation is characterized...

To meet the sustainable development goals (SDG) target of reducing under-five mortality to 25 per 1000 live births, concerted efforts are required to end all preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 y of age. There is evidence to support Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) as a cost- effective strategy which c...

Background and aims: Patients on long term anti-epileptic drug therapy are prone for Vitamin D deficiency for a myriad of reasons. The aim of this research was to study the effect of high dose vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D nutrition status of children newly started on anti-epileptic drug therapy. Materials: This randomized controlled tr...

Aims and objectives: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common motor disability in children. This study aimed at elaborating various comorbidities and etiologies and also at correlating motor disability with other disabilities. Material and methods: This hospital-based study was conducted in the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi o...

Objective: To develop and validate INCLEN Diagnostic Tool for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (INDT-ADHD). Design: Diagnostic test evaluation by cross sectional design. Setting: Tertiary care pediatric centers. Participants: 156 children aged 65-117 months. Methods: After randomization, INDT-ADHD and Connor's 3 Parent Rating Scale (C3PS) w...

Acute encephalitis is a common cause of death and neurodevelopmental problems in children. The causative agents are numerous including infectious agents such as viruses, bacteria, mycobacteria and protozoa; para-infectious and immune mediated disorders such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and autoimmune encephalitis, especially the r...

Background: Globally, malaria is one of the important causes of mortality in pediatric age group. We describe here the clinico-hematological manifestations of malaria in children in Western Uttar Pradesh.Methods: A Retrospective study was done over 8 months in pediatric ward and pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care centre in Greater Noi...

Background Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) compromise the development and attainment of full social and economic potential at individual, family, community, and country levels. Paucity of data on NDDs slows down policy and programmatic action in most developing countries despite perceived high burden. Methods and findings We assessed 3,964 chi...

There have been few case reports showing association of vitamin B12 deficiency with infantile spasms. We planned this study to see if there was an association of serum vitamin B12 deficiency in children with development of infantile spasms. Cases included children with infantile spasms of ages 6 months to 3 years. The controls were children in the...

Background: India has implemented the World Health Organization’s revised causality assessment protocol for adverse events following immunization (AEFI). We describe the number and types of serious/severe AEFIs, including deaths. Research Design and Methods: Analysis of causality classification of reported serious/severe AEFIs from January 1, 2012,...

Background: West syndrome is a catastrophic epilepsy syndrome characterized by infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and developmental arrest or regression. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the role of pyridoxine in the management of infantile spasms. Setting and design: This was a pilot, randomized, open-label trial conducted at a tertia...

Rationale: Assured quality vaccines and safe immunization practices are pre-requisite to successful immunization programs. All vaccines go through stringent safety checks during pre-licensure stage. Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) Surveillance program is an integral part of routine immunization program in India to monitor the vaccine...

Introduction: Bacterial infections account for a significant proportion of neonatal and infant mortality globally. We aimed to identify predictors of death in infants with probable serious bacterial infection (PSBI) defined as signs/symptoms of possible serious bacterial infection along with baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥12 mg/lMETHODS:We did...

There are very few studies that have assessed multiple viral agents causing Acute-Gastroenteritis (AGE) in India. The present study compared the changing pattern of prevalence and genetic diversity of five enteric viruses associated with acute-diarrhea in Delhi children within a gap of 5 years. Fecal samples were collected from diarrheal children (...

Purpose: Familial clustering of common forms of primary strabismus like esotropia (ET) and exotropia (XT) is observed in a proportion of the strabismus cohort. The genetic components of this remain unidentified. Linkage studies have demonstrated susceptibility locus for primary strabismus at the STBMS1 locus on 7p22.1 as well as other loci on 4q28....

Background: In 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) and CIOMS introduced a revised Causality Assessment Protocol (CAP) for Adverse Events following Immunization (AEFI). India is one of the first countries to adopt the revised CAP. This study describes the application of the revised CAP in India. Methods: We describe use of CAP by India's AE...

Background Group C Rotavirus (RVC) is an enteric pathogen responsible for acute gastroenteritis in children and adults globally. At present there are no surveillance studies on group C Rotaviruses in India and therefore their prevalence in India remains unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate group C rotavirus infection among <5 years old chil...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of zinc as an adjuvant therapy in radiologically confirmed pneumonia in children 2-24 months of age. Patients and methods: We analyzed data of 212 children with pneumonia for whom chest X-ray films were available at enrollment and at least two radiologists agreed on the diagnosis of pneumonia. We compared the ti...

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are vulnerable to developing vitamin D deficiency. There is little information on the prevalence and severity of vitamin D deficiency in these patients. Objective: To study vitamin D status in children with CP with special reference to their intake of anti-epileptic drugs (AED) and ambulatory status. Me...

Objectives To study the magnitude and pattern of injuries in children with epilepsy. Methods This prospective cohort study enrolled children with epilepsy (CWE) aged 2-16 years on treatment with anti-epileptics for a minimum duration of one-month and compared them with their own siblings (controls). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to enqui...

Background: The modified Atkins diet (MAD) has been used predominantly in older children, adolescents, and adults. There is a paucity of data on the use of the MAD in refractory epilepsy in young children. Objectives: This study was planned to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the MAD in refractory epilepsy in young children. Methods:...

Purpose: This study was planned to develop and evaluate a simple, easy-to-understand variation of the modified Atkins diet, for use by parents with low levels of literacy in children with refractory epilepsy. Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a simplified version of the modified Atkins diet was developed. In th...

Hereditary myoclonus-dystonia (DYT 11) is caused by the epsilon-sarcoglycan (SGCE) mutation. The clinical details and investigations of cases diagnosed with myoclonus-dystonia were reviewed. We describe 5 patients (3 families) with myoclonus-dystonia diagnosed at our center. Majority of the patients had the classical phenotype with few atypical fea...

Background: Pediatric acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a major cause of hospitalization and deaths worldwide. Data on the contribution of different pathogens to ARI are limited in India. We used the Taqman Array Card (TAC), a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) multipathogen platform, to assess the prevalence o...

Objectives: To explore the existing evidence for anti-convulsant drugs and their routes of administration in treating acute seizures in children and adults when intravenous access is not available. Methods: All major databases including Medline via Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched till May 2015. Randomized...

Objectives: Triclofos may be a better sedative in view of better palatability and less gastric irritation as compared to chloral hydrate. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of triclofos (a commonly used sedative in India) as a sedative for sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) study in children. Methods: This prospective observational study was ca...

World Health Organization-recommended rehydration solution for malnourished children (ReSoMal) for rehydrating severe acute malnourished children is not available in India. In present study, 110 consecutive children aged 6-59 months with severely acute malnourishment and acute diarrhea were randomized to low-osmolarity oral rehydration solution (OR...

Tuberculous meningitis, an extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis, is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality in the pediatric age group with delayed treatment. The main causative agent in humans is Mycobacterium tuberculosis but other members of the M. tuberculosis complex especially Mycobacterium bovis, have also been implicated a...

Globally more than 1/3rd of the child deaths are attributed to under nutrition and it continues to be a major public health problem in developing countries. This research paper is an attempt towards intervention and management of severely malnourished children with the use of locally prepared therapeutic diets to bring down the case fatality rate....

Objectives: The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing among Indian children, who, in general, are more prone to develop metabolic complications at an early age. Valproate and phenytoin are commonly used antiepileptic drugs in children. This study aimed to assess the parameters of the metabolic syndrome in Indian children with epilepsy on val...

A25-day baby neonate presented with fever and stridor. He had severe respiratory distress at admission. The systemic examination was unremarkable. The roentgenogram of soft tissues of neck revealed widening of superior mediastinum. Computed tomography of neck and upper chest revealed multiple abscesses in the retropharyngeal space, parapharyngeal s...

Introduction: Serious bacterial infections continue to be an important cause of death and illness among infants in developing countries. Time to recovery could be considered a surrogate marker of severity of the infection. We therefore aimed to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of time to recovery in infants with probable serious bacteri...

SLC30A10 mutations cause an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by hypermanganesaemia, polycythemia, early-onset dystonia, paraparesis, or late-onset parkinsonism, and chronic liver disease. This is the first identified inborn error of Mn metabolism in humans, reported in 10 families thus far. Methods for this study consisted of clinical ex...

To assess the appropriateness of current mid upper-arm circumference (MUAC) cut-offs to identify children with severe acute malnutrition in India. The analysis concerned 6307 children admitted to nutrition rehabilitation centres (2009-2011) where they received therapeutic care as per guidelines by WHO and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics. States of...

To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA) in children aged 2-9 year at high risk of autism, and to ascertain the level of agreement with Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Diagnostic Accuracy study. Tertiary-level hospital. Children aged between 2 and 9 year and considered to be at a high risk for autis...

Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) remains a common life threatening condition in children. In children between 2 mo to 12 y, bacterial meningitis is primarily due to H. influenzae type b (Hib), Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) and Neisseria meningitides (Nm). Hib is the commonest etiological organism identified in children less than 2 y in India [1], w...