Sathyanathan Rangarajan

• Ph.D.
• Professor (Associate) at SRM Institute of Science and Technology

This study investigates the temporal variation and physicochemical characteristics of PM2.5 during the Diwali festival in a semi-urban region of Tamil Nadu, India. PM2.5 samples, collected using a fine particulate sampler, were analyzed for morphology and composition. SEM identified diverse particle shapes, including spherical, hexagonal, and fract...

The effect of atmospheric aerosols on the earth's radiation budget is primarily through their direct effects. Understanding aerosols' morphology and elemental composition is crucial in this context. For two years, from January 2017 to December 2018, aerosol samples (PM 10) were collected on quartz filter papers using a high-volume sampler (PM 10) i...

Floods are generally associated with the calami- tous impacts in the country like India. For the assessments of flood peak magnitude, the most common method adopted is the flood frequency analysis. In this case study the four com- mon methods namely Gumbel Max, Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), Log Pearson type 3 (LP3) and Log10 Nor- mal distributio...

The inadequate infrastructure for wastewater treatment in many regions has led to the contamination of surface water bodies and groundwater degradation. To address this issue, floating wetland treatment systems have emerged as a viable alternative for effective wastewater remediation. This study focuses exclusively on utilizing Hibiscus rosa-sinens...

In many developing countries, including India, water distribution systems are often plagued by inadequate and poor design, operation and maintenance issues, and economic stress. This results in a substandard quality and insufficient quantity of water reaching consumers. One of the major problems with intermittent water supply systems is that the le...

Real estate valuation is of considerable significance to the nation's economy. However, the lack of clarity on the variables affecting the price of land is a significant challenge in real estate valuation. This study used a data mining approach to determine variables that significantly influence pricing in the Chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu us...

Air pollution is the main cause of majority of respiratory diseases. In addition to the urban pollutants such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides, inhalable particulate matter is also present in the environment. The term “natural or anthropogenic aerosols” refer to a mixture of tiny solid particles or tiny liquid droplets suspended...

The housing market in India, particularly in urban areas, has experienced a significant surge in prices. Accurately determining the value of houses is crucial for informed decision-making by investors, realtors, banks, and government agencies. This study aims to utilize machine learning techniques, specifically the K-nearest neighbor (KNN), linear...

This study aims to investigate land use/land cover (LULC) and climate change for a better understanding of the hydrological processes of the Bhavani watershed, India. The ANN-CA model, which is based on artificial neural networks and cellular automata, is utilized for the simulation and prediction of LULC. Five criteria, including DEM, slope, aspec...

Watershed prioritization has gained importance for locating critical areas of erosion and for taking up proactive steps in watershed management. The present study attempts to forecast land use/land cover change and prioritize the sub-watersheds of Bhavani watershed, Tamil Nadu based on morphometric, land use/land cover and slope coupled with the mu...

Several developing countries have limited infrastructure and finance to treat domestic and industrial wastewater. Discharging untreated sewage pollutes the surface and groundwater. Floating wetlands are an alternate method for treating polluted surface water bodies. This study's objective is to investigate the remediation of domestic wastewater usi...

The first mangrove forests appeared during the late cretaceous - Early tertiary period along Thethys Sea coasts. Since then, mangrove forests have faced and survived several catastrophic climate change events. The sea level is not and has not been constant. Studies carried out on mangrove peat prove mangroves extinction in various parts of the worl...

The real estate land price valuation is a global issue, and its importance is not limited to the real estate market but also in the banking sector, insurance sector, and governing bodies for taxation and acquisitions. This paper compares the accuracy of the Hedonic Pricing Model (HPM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model in predicting the resi...

Cities are spatially expanding rapidly, leading to urban sprawl. This study aims to understand the nature of the urban expansion of Chennai city, located on India’s southeastern coast, by determining the urban growth pattern and identifying the urban sprawl areas. The urban growth pattern and sprawl areas between 1998 and 2019 are identified using...

The demand for water increases day by day due to population growth; on the other hand, water quality is declining globally due to rapid industrialisation and climate change. The surface water sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers, and reservoirs are being polluted and have lost their ecological functions. Floating wetland treatment (FWT) is an emerg...

In this study, the process of phycoremediation is employed to assess the effect of nutrient degradation on the synthetic agricultural waste water by utilizing three different microalgal strains viz. Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus and Desmococcous sp., in a bubble column photobioreactor (BC-PBRs). The experimental results showed higher bio...

The first mangrove forests appeared during the late cretaceous- Early tertiary period along Thethys Sea coasts. Since then, mangrove forests have faced and survived several catastrophic climate change events. The sea level is not and has not been constant. Studies carried out on mangrove peat prove mangroves extinction in various parts of the world...

Precipitation is an essential component of the hydrological cycle, and its variability is the principal determinant of irrigation practices and other water developmental works. In the present study, gridded rainfall values of 0.5° × 0.5° resolution spanning 115 years (1901–2015) were taken for the recently formed Telangana state in India for analys...

In this study, the precipitation data for the period 1901–2015 was analyzed for the state of Karnataka enclosing 66 grid points spread throughout the state. Gridded rainfall data of 0.50 × 0.50 resolution has been investigated to draw a conclusion regarding long-term dimensional and temporal trends on an annual and seasonal scale in the state locat...

Analysis of long-term rainfall data set is being widely employed by the research community to study temporal variations in annual and seasonal rainfall series. This study aims to determine the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation in the southern part of Tamil Nadu over a period of 115 years (1901–2015) on an annual and seasonal basis....

Human population growth, movement, and demand have a substantial impact on land use and land cover dynamics. Thematic maps of land use and land cover (LULC) serve as a reference for scrutinizing, source administration, and forecasting, making it easier to establish plans that balance preservation, competing uses, and growth compressions. This study...

Agricultural wastewaters can contain a lot of pollutants, so they can’t be disposed of properly unless they’re treated. Agricultural wastewaters, if improperly disposed of, can cause eutrophication of surface and ground waters, as well as impose substantial trade waste charges. Water scarcity in agricultural sector can be reduced by proper ground w...

Rapid urbanization in developing countries is leading to urban sprawl along the fringes of the cities. The land use of the regions surrounding the Chennai metropolitan area is changing drastically. It is vital to monitor and quantify the land-use change and the urban expansion process to achieve cities with proper planning, efficiency and sustainab...

The paramount ingredient for the socio-economic development of any country is the land and buildings. An accurate appraisal of these land and buildings’ value has a colossal effect on the state’s economy. Still, the value of these buildings has been outrageous with realtors’ emergence. Various computational techniques have been employed to resolve...

Using remote sensing data to detect changes in land use and land cover (LULC) is a valuable source of information for various decision support systems. Land use and land cover identification data was used to analyse land conservation, sustainable development, and water resource management. This research aims to determine how the Bhavani basin land...

Human population growth, movement, and demand have a substantial impact on land use and land cover dynamics. Thematic maps of land use and land cover (LULC) serve as a reference for scrutinizing, source administration, and forecasting, making it easier to establish plans that balance preservation, competing uses, and growth compressions. The object...

In order to satisfy the demand for basic resources for the enormously expanding population, it is of prime importance to sustainably use and augment the natural resources. Of all the natural resources, water plays a major role in the survival of life on our planet. Since there is an exponential increase in demand for water for various purposes such...

Since the late 19 th century, global warming as obtained more attention as the global mean surface temperature has increased and urbanization is one of the major causes of global warming. Given the fact of the heavy migration of people from rural to urban, uncontrollable growth takes place to accommodate this population. This is considered to be a...

This study emphasizes the rainfall analysis in the state of Sikkim located in the north east region of India, which covers up an area of 7097 km ² . The rainfall analysis of the two districts East Sikkim and South Sikkim for a period of 118 years (1901-2018) are computed. Various tests depicting the trends, homogeneity, slope and statistical data r...

Urbanization is the process in which population shifts from rural to cities or urban centers for an improved standard of living due to economic growth and development. As the migration rate increases, urban cities undergo major changes in land use and land cover which trigger several negative effects such as overcrowding, water scarcity, air pollut...

Indian cities are expanding exponentially due to rapid and unplanned urbanization. The unprecedented pace of expansion is a major challenge for surface water management. The shrinkage of surface water bodies is considered as an important criterion by urban planners and policymakers. This research utilizes remote sensing data to address this problem...

Annual and seasonal rainfall trends have a dramatic effect on agriculture and play a vital role in impacting climate change. Gridded rainfall data of 0.5 × 0.5˚ resolution was analysed to study long term spatial trends in annual and seasonal scales in the southern part of Telangana state located in South India, during 1901-2015. Preliminary statist...

The enormously increasing population and its demand paves way towards sustainable usage and augmentation of natural resources. Amongst all natural resources, water plays a critical role for survival of life. Since there is an exponential increase in demand of water for various purposes such as agriculture, domestic and industries, it is of prime im...

The study of the impact on climate change on water resources provides useful information for long-term trend analyses of important issues such as control of floods, management of drought, agricultural production, etc. This work is an attempt to assess the flood events in Vaigai watershed, Tamil Nadu (India). The Mann–Kendall test was performed to a...

An oil spill is the release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbons into the environment, especially in the marine ecosystem due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. This paper deals with study of risk assessment in case of oil spill in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The Strait of Malacca is one of the busiest sea routes for super tankers t...

This study focuses on the seasonal variability of precipitation in the State of Karnataka, India over the period of 115 years (1901–2015). Gridded rainfall data of 0.5° × 0.5° resolution (CRU TS 4) was taken into account. The data were converted and rearranged into a 12 × 115 matrix form by using QGIS (2.18.24) and MATLAB. The processed data were t...

Validation of precipitation data is important for hydrological modeling. Though there are many models available, rainfall prediction is difficult due to various uncertainties. This study is an attempt to compare and assess the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) model data and India Meteorological Department (IMD) observed...

River Mahananda, flows through the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar and Bangladesh, is being contaminated by discharge of sewage and other effluents as well as dumping of solid waste. An attempt was made to apply a Water Quality Index(WQI) for the station located in Siliguri, a district of Darjeeling using four water quality parameters pH, DO, B...

Many industries in the Vellar–Coleroon estuarine complex are located at the edges of the river banks. This leads to the possibility of discharge into the rivers resulting in pollution of fresh and marine waters. This paper estimates the water quality index for the estuarine environment encompassing the Vellar and Coleroon rivers. Eleven water quali...

Rainfall data from 1901 to 2015 were extracted from the CRU TS4.0 data set for the grid encapsulating the Suruliyar catchment of the Vaigai river near Theni, Tamil Nadu. Basic statistical analyses were conducted on this data to learn about the long-term characteristics of the rainfall. The frequency analysis of rainfall was done and the 50%, 75% an...

The northeast and southwest monsoons control the climate of the city of Chennai. Rainfall analysis with an emphasis on drought using the precipitation data of 115 years (1901-2015) was done to quantify the trends. The trend is analyzed annually and seasonally, which revealed a nonsignificant increasing trend in annual rainfall and a significant dec...

Construction industry requires proper adaptation of safety practices as developing countries are in their infancy to implement them. Many studies revealed that construction accidents continue even after practicing traditional safety management system. Therefore, a proper assessment of safety practices followed in Indian construction sites is necess...

Analysis of long-term rainfall data is being widely employed by the research community to study temporal variations in annual and seasonal rainfall series. This study aims to determine the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the southern part of Tamil Nadu, for a period of 115 years (1901–2015). Sixteen grids of 0.5 × 0.5˚ resolution (C...

The land prices in Indian urban cities have seen a drastic increase over the years. The investors, buyers and the sellers in the real estate industry decide the land prices based on many factors. Issues emerge in finding the actual value of a property considering all the factors. Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala, has seen a high incre...

Air pollution is a fast developing environmental issue of public worries in every place. It will affect the human health and local or regional weather condition. During the last decades, the special attention for the fine particles up to 2.5µm (PM2.5) is being given. Particulate matter (2.5µm) is defined as very fine particulate pollutants which af...

Noise comprises those sounds occurring around us that are not part of the environment under consideration. Noise is also a type of pollution and impacts on our health and wellness. The prevalence of noise is increasing in magnitude and severity because of growing population and urbanization. Noise pollution leads to many chronic and socially signif...

Disasters are of two major kinds, natural and manmade, and affect the community. Natural disasters are caused by natural earth processes like floods, droughts, cyclones, tsunamis, earthquakes and epidemics. Manmade disasters occur due to chemical spills, accidents, terrorism activities etc. India is prone to almost all the major natural disasters....

The evolution of modern technological advancements and the rapid infrastructure development has led to the ultimate increase in the vehicular passenger and freight movement both in the urban as well as in the inter-cities of the state. With the advent of emerging population and environmental pollution in the transportation movement, an alternate ap...

The evolution of modern technological advancements and the rapid infrastructure development has led to the ultimate increase in the vehicular passenger and freight movement both in the urban as well as in the inter-cities of the state. With the advent of emerging population and environmental pollution in the transportation movement, an alternate ap...

The fresh water reaching an estuary fluctuates on many scales and the fluctuation in the flow over a time period is also due to the anthropogenic activities like construction of dams, diversions and upstream withdrawals. These fluctuations may have profound effects on the estuarine ecosystem, which usually has remarkable biological productivity and...

A two dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamic model is applied to study the water surface elevations and tidal currents in the Pichavaram estuary. The purpose of this study originated from the need to protect and manage Pichavaram estuary, an ecosystem with great environmental and economic value. The finite element computational grid is made of 4841 element...

A two dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamic model is applied to study the water surface elevations and tidal currents in the Pichavaram estuary. The purpose of this study originated from the need to protect and manage Pichavaram estuary, an ecosystem with great environmental and economic value. The finite element computational grid is made of 4841 element...

A vertically averaged numerical model is developed using the Surface water Modeling System (SMS) for t he Pichavaram Mangrove Estuary to study the tidal characteristics which en ables the simulation of the whole water circulation within the water body. The Pichavaram mangrove ecosystem is a complex network of creeks, mangroves and mud flats housed...