Satadal Das

Peerless Hospital & B.K. Roy Research Center · Dept. of Microbiology

COVID-19 causes cytokine storm which results in altered iron homeostasis within the system. The negative consequences of this include poor iron metabolism, ROS-induced oxidative damage, ferrop-tosis, and increased severity of COVID-19 along with illnesses like anemia, thalassemia, diabetes, cancer, neurological disorders, and long COVID. Therefore,...

Background Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of death, especially among the elderly. This bacterium produces several surface membrane proteins, with staphylococcal protein A (SpA) being particularly important. Despite its prevalence, there are no targeted treatments available for geriatric patients. In homeopathy, Rhus toxicodendron (RT) is...

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a critical challenge to global public health, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the antimicrobial potential of bioactive compounds derived from four medicinal plants: Chrysopogon zizanioides, Asteracantha longifolia, Asparagus racemosus,...

Curcuma longa is a widely used plant in folk medicine. In this study, we assessed the action of the ethanolic extract of C. longa on WHO strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis. Curcumin is one of the most active ingredients of C. longa. In the presence of the ethanolic extract of C. longa, the bac...

Polyphenol oxidase(PPO) is a food enzyme which holds a very important place in the food industry mainly because of its impairing effects. This enzyme leads to the darkening of tissue when fruits are cut or any damage occurs which leads to the depreciation of nutritional value and food acceptability. It is not clear which roles this compound may hav...

This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of the extract of Nymphaea alba petals, and if antibacterial activities are present then the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract is determined. Currently multidrug resistant bacteria are a major concern for clinicians as most conventional antibiotics do not work against MDR st...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its intricate pathophysiology and the severe side effects associated with current treatments. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa, is well known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, yet its effects on hematological malignancie...

Autoimmune diseases are chronic hypersensitive diseases that occur due to an inability of the immune system to recognize self-antigens as part of its system. Antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) are antibodies that target the proteins located in the nucleus, mitotic spindle, nuclear membrane, and cytoplasmic substructures. Detection of ANA is done usin...

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are significant biomarkers that are used to detect and classify autoimmune connective tissue disorders more efficiently. This paper provides a thorough overview of all the ANA profiling procedures, their testing advancements, clinical significance, and future directions. This study aimed to analyze the ANA profiles alon...

In this study we analysed campylobacteriosis cases in a tertiary care hospital of India to find out this is an isolated disease or an allied disease with comorbidities in elderly people. In all the four elderly cases, acute gastroenteritis by Campylobacter appears to be a contributory condition of the disease besides other associated diseases. Perc...

Gisrdiasis in the elderly is a very complicated condition. Comorbidities have a major influence on the course, management, and outcomes of giardiasis in elderly individuals. Immunologic, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, renal and gastrointestinal disorders, neurological and respiratory ailment, and nutritional deficits all interact with giard...

Multi-drug resistance is a major concern to medical science across the globe. The inability of most drugs to destroy different pathogenic bacteria and fungi demands the use of natural products like phytochemicals to treat various infections. At this juncture, Cinnamomum verum is an active agent against various bacteria and fungi. C. verum or true c...

HLA-B27 test is generally positive in spondyloarthritis (SpA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Several anomalous laboratory test results are frequently found in HLA-B27-positive patients. In this study, we intended to evaluate two groups of HLA-B27 positive patients-one group belonging to the 13-40 years age group and another group belonging to the...

Numerous reports are showing the presence of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microbes in sea sand, and sea sand specified to conserve drug resistance genes. However, there is not any study to realize whether drug-resistant bacteria can thrive in sea sand or not. In this investigation, we observed events of some extremely drug-resistant bacteria...

This study aims to investigate the presence of Free-Living Amoebae (FLA), particularly Acanthamoeba spp., in diverse water systems and body fluids within a hospital. Water and body fluid samples were collected from various locations. Cultivation of FLA was performed using Non-Nutrient Agar (NNA) culture with Escherichia coli, and microscopic observ...

As a consequence of gradual emergence of anti-microbial resistance, the anti-biogram profile of the microbe Salmonella typhi has undergone substantial changes. Patients frequently utilise homeopathy for the flu season and other serious illnesses. Although the use of Baptisia tinctoria (BT) is extensively described in homeopathic literature and in p...

Background: Scrub typhus is an acute infectious disease, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is endemic to a geographically distinct region of Japan, Taiwan, China, and South Korea, known as the tsutsugamushi triangle, as well as in Nepal, Pakistan, and Papua New Guinea. In India, the incidence of this disease varies from 4-46% with high morbidity...

Urinary tract infection and other infections caused by multi-drug resistance strains have increased significantly, creating a need to investigate alternative medicine for therapeutic purposes. Our aim is to determine whether Apis mellifica 6C (an alternative ultra-diluted medicine) can counteract the detrimental impact of Escherichia coli ATCC 2592...

At present, multidrug-resistant (MDR) fungal species have become widespread worldwide, which leads to high morbidity and mortality. As of now, only a few antifungal agents are coming up in the pharmaceutical industry. This may lead to a threat to humanity for their survival. In this study, we explored the possible antifungal action of ethanolic ext...

In critically ill and immunocompromised patients, diagnosing invasive aspergillosis (IA) is crucial. This study focuses on the Galactomannan (GM) antigen test. The study categorizes GM-positive patients into two groups based on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid GM levels: group 1 (GM index >1.5) and group 2 (GM index >0.5–1.5). This study aims to...

A complex interaction among virulence factors, host-genes and host immune system is considered to be responsible for dengue virus (DENV) infection and disease progression. Generation of auto-antibodies during DENV infection is a major phenomenon that plays a role in the pathophysiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Hemostas...

Rhus toxicodendron (RT) extract has been used in homeopathic and phytomedicines for a few centuries. RT chiefly comprises a bioactive chemical named Urushiol. Studies showed RT extracts have potential immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic activities. In this experiment, we studied whether ethanolic extracts of RT can inhibit Delta...

Background: Background: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) surfaced in late 2012 and was responsible for widespread infection and death throughout the globe. According to research reports, there is no potential medicine or vaccination available for the treatment or prevention of MERS-CoV. Aim: Aim: Therefore, in this particular...

Due to increasing drug resistance bacterial isolates in hospitals, morbidity and mortality are gradually increasing throughout the globe. Newer antibiotics are also not coming up as most drug manufacturing industries are reluctant to manufacture antibiotics due to low profit. In this context, we have to determine the antimicrobial activities of oth...

Only recently microbial impurity of beach sand has become an essential issue, particularly during the COVID-19 and in the post-Covid period when a large number of beachgoers are infected not only by the virus but also with other microbes. Besides the bacterial and viral microbes, fungal contamination of beach sand has also been studied in detail in...

Background: Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) is considered to be an extremely heterogeneous malignancy of bone marrow and blood. The first line of therapy for AML is prolonged chemotherapy. Due to the presence of molecular heterogeneity in AML as confirmed by next-generation sequencing, researchers are planning to develop newer strategies of therapy....

Nymphaea caerulea is an aquatic plant originally found in the Nile River has several therapeutic activities-anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial activities. This led us to perform the study focusing on the anti-microbial properties of the flower extract. Crude ethanolic extract of petals and pollens of N.caerulea flo...

Madhuca longifolia, commonly known as Mahua, is a revered tree indigenous to the Indian subcontinent, celebrated for its versatile uses in traditional medicine and cultural practices. In this study, the antibiotic effects of ethanolic extract of Madhuca longifolia leaves was evaluated against six MDR and ATCC bacterial strains. The results showed t...

Introduction and objective: Many strains of Papillomavirus are well known to be associated with cervical neoplasia, and thus it is expected that some precancerous cervical cytological changes may be present in Papillomavirus-positive cases where florid precancerous dysplastic changes may be completely absent. Methodology: In this pilot study, we ha...

Background: Post-COVID-19 problems now exist worldwide with a significant number of mortalities, morbidity and incapacity. In this study, we evaluate the pervasiveness of post-COVID-19 syndrome given the different age groups and gender. Complications if present were documented and grouped. Materials and Methods: Five hundred hospitalized patients d...

Aims: Case reports on Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia are extremely rare and thus such cases should be presented for a proper understanding of the mechanism of these rare conditions. Presentation of Cases: One male patient aged 67 years was suffering from vomiting, hiccups, fever with chills and weakness. The post-liver transplant patient was also suff...

As an alternative medicine ultra-diluted arsenic is used for problems in the digestive tract, upset stomach, sleep disorders, allergies, psoriasis, syphilis, asthma, disorders in the muscles, joints and bones, haemorrhoids, cough, pruritus, cancer, and pain. In this study, we are interested in observing cytokine expression changes which may help so...

Objectives: In this study we explored Bryonia alba as a new anti-cancer agent against liver cancer cells. Material and Methods: The Bryonia 6C - an alternative medicine was applied on HepG2 liver cancer cell line to find out its effectiveness indicating morphological and cytokine changes by observing cytopathic effect and RT-PCR study. Results: The...

Tuberose flowers (Calcutta Single variety) valued as ornamentals globally, have short shelf-lives of 8 days at 4 ± 1 °C and are therefore discarded post senescence. Previous investigations from our laboratory have established that a combination treatment using GRAS preservatives [(sucrose (4%) and CaCl2 (0.02%)]-cum-gamma-irradiation (0.02 kGy) cou...

Original Research Article Introduction: Hot springs have been used for medicinal purpose since ancient times. Bathing in the hot springs is effective in treating skin infections, arthritis etc. Bakreshwar, located in Birbhum district of West Bengal is known for its ten hot springs of varying temperature (35°C-71°C). These hot springs have relativel...

Among different neoplastic lesions, hepatocellular carcinoma plays a pivotal role due to the extreme difficulty of treating it in advanced conditions. Research shows that there is a high intractability towards chemotherapy for this disease. Therefore, using medicinal plants can be another approach to fend off this grim scenario and pave a new way t...

Aim: This study aimed to alleviate dengue virus (DENV)-mediated fibrosis in a chick embryo model using ultradiluted Eupatorium perfoliatum (UEP). Materials & methods: Chorioallantoic membrane and liver of infected embryonated chicken eggs were checked for DENV pathogenesis. Cytotoxicity of UEP was assessed by MTT and scratch assay. Cytopathic assa...

In search of effective treatment against E. coli there are some conventional medicinal treatments available but it becomes difficult to fight against MDR strains as they are resistant to most of the antibiotics. It was found that Bakreshwar hot spring water has some therapeutic properties against various infections, mostly against skin infections....

Background : Hot spring’s water possesses numerous therapeutic benefits such as smoothening of the dry and rough skin and also helps to treat dry scalp, arthritis, acidity, digestive issues etc. The Bakreshwar hot springs located in Birbhum district of West Bengal is also popular for its medicinal values. Aim : To study about the antimicrobial effe...

In the present times the multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria has become widespread all over the World and has increased the rate of mortality in the patients. Pseudomanas aeruginosa colonizes in the intensive care units (ICU’s) of the hospitals and is the reason behind health care associated infections. Pseudomonas infection further increases the ch...

The need to screen efficient, safe, affordable, and readily available antimicrobial agents from various medicinal plants, for their potential antimicrobial activity has become critical in light of the rapid development of microbial resistance against chemotherapeutic drugs (mainly antibiotics). Despite notable advances in the biological and phytoch...

Antimicrobial drug resistance is gradually increasing throughout the globe, and there is practically no newer antimicrobial agent coming soon. Plant secondary metabolites are well known for their various biological activities, and there are few studies targeting mangrove plants. Thus, in this study, we aim to assess the effectiveness of the ethanol...

Original Research Article Indian senna (Cassia angustifolia) is a perennial shrub belonging to the family Fabaceae. Indian senna contains flavonoids, pinnitolos (polyols), acidic polysaccharides, and mineral substances. It also contains two types of glucosides known as sennosides A and B and other compounds, including myricyl alcohol, anthraquinone...

Crude extract of Juniperus sabina, if applied early in the embryogenic life, can somehow prevent the complete stoppage of development induced by chlorpyrifos. Still, after some developmental progression with the formation of eye cups, found no further progress. When applied the extract on the 5th day, it was ineffective and could not produce a...

Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem that jeopardizes the efficient use of modern medicine and the state of the world's health. The effectiveness of traditional antifungals used to treat fungal infections has declined, increasing mortality. Following exposure to antifungal medications, acquired mechanisms can lead to the development of resi...

Introduction: The neurodegenerative Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is associated with different risk genes along with some environmental factors. Till date, there are few identified genes which play a pivotal role in the early onset of PD among the general population. Aim: To screen the presence of different risk genes of Parkinson’s disease along with a...

Grey mangrove (Avicennia marina), is a mangrove plant species widely distributed in the intertidal zones of tropical and subtropical coasts. This genus of the plant has both ecological and economic benefits. The plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, malaria, rheumatism, asthma, s...

Studies on safety evaluation, efficacy and molecular mechanisms of homeopathic medicines are limited. Despite the fact that homeopathic medicines are utilized all over the globe, the toxicity evaluation of individual drugs like Arsenicum album are still unknown. Hence, to shed light on the above facts, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of Arsenicum alb...

Avicennia marina is a commonly found mangrove species in coastal regions, and is known for its medicinal properties. In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanolic extract of Avicennia marina leaves were evaluated against MDR microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was assessed against a range of bacterial...

Background: Hot spring's water is enriched with minerals which has many therapeutic values. Bakreshwar is well known for its ten hot springs of varying temperatures (35°C-71°C). Bathing repeatedly in hot springs can help us to fight against skin infection, rheumatic disorders, joint pain etc. Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the chang...

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) due to opportunistic microbes in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lead to high morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. Thus, it is vital to find out the risk factors of BSI and to learn the ways to mitigate it. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate important risk factors of...

Aim: This study investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic role of ultradiluted preparation of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike (S) protein during S antigen-induced inflammatory process of disease progression along with the probable mechanism of action. Main methods: Ultradiluted S protein (UDSP) was prepared and administered...

Balancing altered cytokines gene expressions in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induced pathological changes by homeopathic medicines Debasmita Chatterjee*, Krishnendu Paira and Satadal Das 1Genetic Research Unit, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata - 700107 *debasmita.chatterjee@heritageit.edu During COVID-19 pandemic in the past two years, few a...

Bakreshwar hot springs have geological significance, and are known to have curative properties for any diseases. In this study, antimicrobial activities of the hot spring Bakreshwar water were assessed against MDR and ATCC microorganisms. A range of bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Esch...

The water quality of different natural water bodies is now monitored in many countries by the diatom population. Thus a study on the diatom population in water bodies of a city is important and a study on the seasonal variation of such species in small water bodies like ponds may help us to find out which diatom species are related to polluted wate...

Some evidence confirms the paradoxical beneficial role of harmful antigens when used in highly diluted forms. In this experiment, we observed cytokine gene expression changes in Gallus gallus embryo after challenge with Delta SARS-CoV-2 RBD spike protein antigen, from a concentration of 10 µg/mL to a series of highly diluted forms in ethanol, along...

Introduction Human Leukocyte Antigen is a set of proteins which plays certain important functions in relation to our immune system. The antigen is coded by the genes present within chromosome number 6. In Indian population we have approximately 6.8 to 15% positive of HLA-B*51/ 52 among varied ethnic population. Beta-thalassemia is considered to be...

Introduction / Objective: In this study, we aimed to elucidate the action of ultra-diluted (potency 6CH as per homeopathic pharmacopeia) ethanolic extract of Arsenicum album (Arsenic 6CH) on cytokine gene expression changes along with alteration of hepatic histology in Gallus gallus embryo (embryonated egg) challenged with the spike protein (S prot...

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the search of effective medicines against Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) besides the conventional mode of treatment many medicines belonging to alternative therapeutics claimed to be effective in this disease. In homeopathy-a branch of alternative medicine some medicines are claimed to be effective in COVID-19 after h...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with high incidence rate, and 5-year survival rate in HCC is less than 20%. Thus, in search of newer anticancer agents effective in HCC, we have explored possible usefulness of an alternative medicine Lycopodium against the human liver cancer cell line, HepG2 along with its clinical efficacy. The He...

At present, multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria have become widespread worldwide, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates in bacterial infections. Again, as there is practically no new antimicrobial agent in the pipeline, this will create a threat to humanity for their survival. In this study, we explored the possible antimicrobial action of e...

Background Bryonia alba extract is a well-known drug which is being utilized as phytomedicines and homoeopathic preparations since more than two centuries. This medicine is frequently used in clinical practice for flu-like conditions, respiratory tract infections, and gastrointestinal diseases, as evidenced by old literature and historical records....

Objectives: The study was conducted to know how Covid-19 and TB affected the people of Paschim Burdwan, India for 12 months period (from August 2020 to July 2021). Materials and Methods: Covid-19 cases were studied in terms of age groups (viz.≤19,≥20 to≤45,≥46 to ≤60 years and >60 years)and genders forfirst and second waves of Covid -19 in the ment...

Synergy of standard anti-tubercular drugs with ethanol extract of oyster mushroom against clinically isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MOTT species Debasmita Chatterjee, Satadal Das Background: Commonly used first line drugs in TB patients are isoniazid and rifampicin though they are potentially hepatotoxic. Moreover, MDR M. tuberculosis str...