Sarika Verma

• Ph.D Sr Principal Scientist
• Advanced Materials Process and Research Institute

The addition of graphene to metal oxides creates a hybrid material with enhanced physicochemical properties, of interest in a range of applications and technologies. For example, graphene combined with narrow band gap metal oxides holds considerable promise in solar energy. This book presents the methods used to characterise and understand their pr...

The advanced zeolite-based adsorbent for thermal insulating material is synthesized by using red mud and rice husk ash for sustainable waste management and energy-efficient building solutions. The process involves alkaline integration accompanied by a method with a step change in temperature. The synthesized zeolites were characterized by using all...

The study focuses on bismuth oxide decorated graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol-based hydrogel targeting biomedical applications. Bismuth oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (Bi2O3/PVA) and bismuth oxide/graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol (Bi2O3/GO/PVA)-based hydrogel were prepared to study the effect of graphene oxide. It was further characterized using techn...

Calcium silicate–based materials have been a long-time favourite in thermal insulation applications. This work emphasises synthesising calcium silicate–based thermal insulating material via solid-state reaction using silica, calcium carbonate and fly ash as binding material. The calcium silicate formulations were mixed into a ratio of 1:1:1 (CaO:Si...

With the advancements in the growing energy need and progressive development in the textile industry, there is also an increase in waste. Recent research shows various types of textile waste in forming and fabricating thermal insulating materials. This study collectively reviews the different textile waste and their process parameters for utilizati...

This book chapter investigates waste feathers’ unrealized potential as a valuable resource, giving light to their vast availability and the cutting-edge technologies driving the creation of new thermal insulation materials. The chicken industry produces many waste feathers, which have long been considered an environmental hazard. On the other hand,...

The cultivation of bamboo enriches mother earth due to its ability to grow in barren and other old places. It contributes to a crucial natural-based strategy for reducing carbon emissions and combating global warming. It gathers thanks to its capacity to increase ethane. The potential for thermal insulating materials made of bamboo to protect the e...

Thermal insulating materials enhance energy efficiency and comfort in various industries and construction projects. However, these materials’ production, use, and disposal can have significant environmental and ethical implications. This chapter explores the environmental impact, ethical considerations, and global guidelines related to thermal insu...

In our previous study, we selected a 3% concentration (PH3) from various prepared PEEK-HNTs nanocomposites. Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is characterized by non-perfluorinated aromatic compounds with 1,4-disubstituted phenyl groups linked by carbonyl (––CO––) and ether (––O––) groups, offering exceptional thermal stability, mechanical strength,...

The current pandemic generates plastic waste from the medical field, mainly consisting of polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, and polyethylene. COVID-19 outbreak has become a universal health hazard, leading to severe human respiratory tract infections via droplets, infected palms, or surfaces. Personal protection equipme...

This review’s main focus is highlighting and recognizing the significant scientific advances of smart expandable lost circulation material, i.e., shape memory polymers (SMPs) composites as loss circulation material (LCM) for drilling applications as innovative and futuristic materials. This review highlights and explains ways of producing new smart...

In thermal control and safety systems, thermal insulation materials which are lightweight and flexible with hierarchical microstructures are commonly used nowadays. Flexible thermal insulation materials are designed to prevent heat transfer between two surfaces. These materials have various applications, from building insulation to automotive compo...

This study focuses on the modification of halloysite nanotubes (diameter 30–70 nm and length 1–3 µ) using concentrated sulphuric acid to create modified HNTs (mHNTs) and investigates their impact on the properties of PEEK material. Co-rotating twin screw extrusion is employed to incorporate various loadings of mHNTs into the PEEK matrix. The experi...

The present study introduces a novel approach for developing advanced, adaptable, flexible, and moldable composite using bamboo powder derived from bamboo fiber, graphene oxide (GO), and chlor-alkali waste brine sludge embedded with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The process involves the development of a flexible composite utilizing treated bamboo fi...

Advanced Radiation Shielding Materials: Radiation and Radiological Protection provides an in-depth evaluation of the different types of radiation (x-rays, gamma rays, neutron, UV and EMI) and the development of radiation shielding materials that can be exploited for designing and use in multiple applications. The book also presents a review of the...

This study is focused on exploring the thermo-mechanical properties and behaviour of PEEK-Hal nanocomposites as a case study for understanding the interactions between nanoparticles and polymers, as well as to explore potential applications of nanocomposites in the field of engineering. The selection of Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK) polymer is b...

In recent years, nucleic acid has emerged as a versatile molecule that has been strategically used in material synthesis and biomedical applications. Keeping in mind the presence of the phosphate group, a glass former in the nucleic acids, we synthesized a transparent glass-like material by the thermal treatment of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) at 90...

Shape‐memory polymers (SMP) are materials responsive to stimuli, which will be modified to their initial form on the occurrence of an appropriate input. SMPs have been a class of impulsively valuable material in the last few decades. Because of their numerous, adaptable uses across a wide range, “wise” materials (SMPs) have attracted intense intere...

In this work, dielectric behavior of CoFe2O4/MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites affected by concentration, temperature and Au ion irradiation is reported. The CoFe2O4 nanoparticles are synthesized via co‐precipitation technique. The samples of CoFe2O4/MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites are prepared by varying ferrite contents (upto 50 phr). After that, the dielect...

Carbon in many different forms especially, Graphene, Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and Fullerene is emerging as an important material in the areas of the biomedical field for various applications. This review comprehensively describes the nano antibiotic effect of carbon-based nanocomposites: epicenter on graphene, carbon nanotubes, and fullerene Compos...

The fastest-growing plant on earth is bamboo; it grows three times as quickly as most other species and is a renewable, adaptable resource with high strength and lightweight. Bamboos are a valuable alternative resource with high physical similarities with genuine hardwoods. Using these naturally available renewable bamboo resources provides a pract...

This research reports a robust method for developing advanced flexible and moldable X-ray shielding bandages by harnessing an in situ synthesized polygonal cerium oxide nanoparticles/MWCNTs nanocomposite. The developed advanced hybrid nanocomposite was thoroughly blended with silicone rubber, namely polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form an advanced h...

MXene, a new member of 2D material, unites the eminence of hydrophilicity, large surface groups, superb flexibility and excellent conductivity. Because of its prodigious characteristics, MXene has gained much approbation among researchers worldwide. MXene’s noteworthy features, such as its electrical conductivity, structural property, magnetic beha...

A new series of Fe(III), Cr(III), and La(III) mixed-ligand complexes, resulting from the interaction of 2-aminophenol with 2-hydroxy acetophenone (HL1) as primary ligand and L- histidine (L2) as a secondary ligand, has been investigated using various physicochemical studies such as elemental analyses, molar conductivity, magnetic moment, infrared,...

The Omicron (B.1.1.529), fifth variant of concern (VOC) of SARS‐CoV‐2, initially identified following a steep increase in COVID‐19 cases in Southern Africa in November 2021. It is a highly‐mutated variant and is more contagious as compared with the Delta variant, however less deadly. Due to its high transmission rate, it spreads dramatically, and c...

Bamboo, the fastest-growing plant, has several unique characteristics that make it appropriate for diverse applications. It is low-cost, high-tensile, lightweight, flexible, durable, and capable of proliferating even in ineffectual areas (e.g., incline). This review discusses the unique properties of bamboo for making charcoal and biochar for diver...

Thermal insulating materials are such materials that do not allow the movement of heat through themselves. The material must have lower thermal conductivity to work efficiently as an insulator. Conventionally glass wool, calcium silicates, concrete, and processed wood particle boards are well‐known thermal insulators used for construction purposes....

MXene, a new member of 2D material, unites the eminence of hydrophilicity, large surface groups, superb flexibility and excellent conductivity. Because of its prodigious characteristics, MXene has gained much approbation among researchers worldwide. MXene’s noteworthy features, such as its electrical conductivity, structural property, magnetic beha...

Paver blocks are manufactured from zero-slump plain concrete, which is small element used for outdoor applications and flexible road surfaces. IS:15658 (2006) permits the use of 33- grade ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as the minimum for manufacturing paver blocks, but the usage of this type of cement is restricted in India nowadays. In this contex...

Bamboo is regarded as one of the essential non-timber forest goods globally. Bamboo comes under the category of rapidly shooting up plants. It has a fast-growing rate. Bamboo and its parts are well-known for their multiple industrial uses, but a few decades of research have recognized their importance in various fields of science. The main aim of o...

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been studied extensively for the past 15 years, sparking a new wave of research on well-known 2D materials. Due to their specific configuration and noteworthy physiochemical features, intensive, multifaceted research attempts have been focused on the medical and clinical applications of 2D materials. In this cont...

This research presents the sonocatalytic degradation of naphthalene from an aqueous medium using a zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst synthesised by the thermal decomposition method. The present paper also aims to apply the response surface methodology for the evaluation of the effect of different parameters on the degradation rate. The optimum parameters w...

Recently, lithium-ion conductive glass-ceramic materials have received tremendous attention owing to their high ionic conductivity, wide-ranging potential window, absence of leakage and pollution, virtuous chemical stability and non-flammable properties. The promising prospects establish them robust and efficient materials for solid state electroly...

India achieved the goal of a circular economy towards regenerative, value-creating development and growth for long-term prosperity. But at the same time, due to the recent unprecedented urbanization and industrialization, wastes and pollutants generated from these activities are enormous, which causes water, air and soil pollution. For example, bri...

Poly‐ether‐ether‐ketones (PEEK) exhibit a distinctive combination of thermo‐oxidative stability, chemical and solvent resistance, toughness, stiffness, and other mechanical properties, flame resistance at elevated temperatures. The promising applications in different fields evolved on several modifications, incorporating functional fillers, nanopar...

Recently, the researchers in South Africa have identified two game-changing lineages of Omicron variant called as BA.4 and BA.5, reflecting continuous emergence and evolution of Omicron, and due to which resurgence of COVID-19 cases are noticed again in South Africa .............

The conventional X-ray radiation shielding materials are based on the concept of high density and macro/micro-sized particles. In recent years, new carbon composites containing CNT and Graphene played a significant role as radiation shielding materials. The present review highlights the potential of these emerging graphene and CNT-based carbon comp...

The immense exponential growth in the electronic sectors has recently brought a boom in electronic devices. No field is left untouched with mobile phones, wireless communication systems, radar sensors etc. The increase in the number of such devices have elevated the presence of electromagnetic waves in the environment and caused harm to electronic...

Design of antimicrobial tiles seems necessary to combat against contagious diseases, especially COVID-19. In addition to personal hygiene, this technology facilitates public hygiene as antimicrobial tiles can be installed at hospitals, schools, banks, offices, lobbies, railway stations, etc. This review is primarily focused on preparing antimicrobi...

Design of antimicrobial tiles seems necessary to combat against contagious diseases, especially COVID-19. In addition to personal hygiene, this technology facilitates public hygiene as antimicrobial tiles can be installed at hospitals, schools, banks, offices, lobbies, railway stations, etc. This review is primarily focused on preparing antimicrobi...

A compound that could inhibit multiple targets associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection would prove to be a drug of choice against the virus. Human receptor-ACE2, receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 S-protein, Papain-like protein of SARS-CoV-2 (PLpro), reverse transcriptase of SARS-CoV-2 (RdRp) were chosen for in silico study. A set of previous...

The present review highlights the various green method of synthesis and discrete applications of inner transition compounds. Green chemistry’s strategies are developing, producing, and using effective, reliable, and eco-friendly chemical products and processes to manage pollution. In this review, the greener or environmentally sound route for synth...

Recently 3D printing or additive manufacturing has been one of the most popular techniques for fabricating material. 3D printing or additive manufacturing has taken over the modern material fabrication industry in a revolutionary manner. The present review focuses on designing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials by 3D printing. T...

The novel process enables designing of raw materials and processing parameters, enabling synergistic and simultaneous chemical reactions among the various reactants of the design mix of chemical precursor of brine sludge which includes barium sulphate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, silica, aluminum containing compounds ne...

Abstract- A sharp elevation in the generation of electromagnetic interference (EMI) is observed, directly proportional to the increase in digital and electronic appliances. With the high growing population and enhancement in the number of electrical devices used in personal, industrial and medical sites, the issues arising due to EMI are also at...

ABSTRACT Fullerene, an allotrope of carbon, has attracted significant recognition in various sciences since its discovery in 1985. The studies of its physical, chemical, and biological aspects have brought encouraging information. The unique, cage-like structure and its scope for derivatization make it an outstanding therapeutic agent. Hence, resea...

SARS‐CoV‐2 is continuously mutating and is regularly re‐emerging. The recently emerged Omicron variant shows high rates of mutation at the spike protein and receptor binding domain regions. Because of these mutations, the Omicron variant has been noted to have the highest transmissibility among the previous SARS‐CoV‐2 variants including the Delta v...

The ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This zoonotic virus has emerged in Wuhan of China in December 2019 from bats and pangolins probably and continuing the human‐to‐human transmission globally since last two years. As there is no efficient approved treatment, a number of vaccines were d...

Since its discovery in 2004, graphene and its derivatives have received extensive interest due to their exceptional electrical, thermal, mechanical and optical properties. Not only graphene but graphene quantum dots (GQDs) also are a major focus of academic as well industrial research due to their tunable bandgap, charge carrier selectivity, quantu...

Personal protective equipment designated as PPE is considered to be the most important protective equipment designed for safeguarding both public and personal health against infectious microbial agents other toxic materials. This chapter gives an overview about the importance and use of the personal protective equipment (PPE) as coronavirus shieldi...

A deadly novel coronavirus disease or severe acute respiratory syndrome (COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2) has taken the entire globe in its grip and claimed over more than 0.1 million lives across the globe in barely four months of time. This has attracted researchers, medical practitioners, scientists, biologist’s fraternity, etc. all over the world to joi...

Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are stimuli-responsive materials that can alter from a programmed form to their original condition upon triggering an applicable input. SMPs are a category of automatically valuable “smart” materials that have dragged deep interest within the space of advanced material fields due to their varied, versatile applications...

Lignin functions as an essential polymer in plants that forms the plant body's structural framework. The natural glue holds the cellulosic fibers together in the plant body, thereby providing rigidity and strength. Despite this, lignin shows promising relevance for biomaterial production due to its abundance, nontoxic nature and biodegradability. C...

The materials used in electrical and electronic applications have great importance and broader applications, but they have severe electromagnetic interference (EMI). These materials have extensive applications in broadcasting, medical industries, research, defence sectors, communication and similar fields. The EMI can be addressed by using effectiv...

The tooth cavity is the common problem in the enamel surface due to the predominance of the demineralization process. It can be controlled with different factors like sufficient salivation in remineralization agents, antibacterial protection, and pathologic factor. Fluoride ion (F−) is the oral hygiene active ingredient and best choice for control...

The importance and utilization of advanced thermal insulating materials increase due to their broad and irreplaceable energy conservation role. This paper describes the novel way of achieving insulating material. In two waste by-products, namely rice husk ash (RHA), agriculture waste, and marble waste powder (MWP), industrial waste has been utilize...

Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) are carbon‐based, nanoscale particles that display remarkable physical and organic properties. They are chemically and physically stable and eco‐friendly due to their non‐toxic and biologically inert nature. Various bioresources are used to synthesize GQDs to ensure biosafety and cost‐effectiveness. In this work, a crit...

This work reports the preparation of nano lignin-rich fraction material via green technology from the holistic use of lignocellulosic biomass bamboo. The bamboo is first chemically treated, followed by acid precipitation to extract bamboo-derived macro lignin-rich fraction material. The nano lignin-rich fraction material was then prepared via ultra...

Bamboo, commonly known as green gold, has various advantages like its quick proliferation, requires no irrigation, replanting is not necessary, can be grown without fertilizers, and can be easily harvested in 3–5 years. The primary chemical constituents of bamboo consist of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Its better properties and easy availa...

There is a significant increase in the geriatric population across the globe. With the increase in the number of geriatric people and their associated health issues, the need for larger healthcare resources is inevitable. Because of this, healthcare service-providing industries are facing a severe challenge. However, technological advancement in re...