Sardar Muhammad Rasheed Kareem

Salahaddin University - Erbil | SUH · Department of Physics

Water balance technique is very important for agriculture areas due to its important role in determining the irrigation water requirements. Since potential evapotranspiration is considered as the most important factor in water balance equation, an accurate method is needed to estimate correctly. In this study, three methods (Kharufa, Blany Cridle a...

One of the most significant and daunting activities in today's world is temperature prediction. The meteorologists traditionally predict temperature via some statistical models aimed to forecast the fluctuations that might have happened to atmospheric parameters such as temperature and humidity. The main objective of this paper is to build an intel...

it is very necessary to start doing studies about the interaction effects between the atmospheric components and meteorological parameters. For this purpose data were collected from a meteorological station nearby Erbil castle, the center of Erbil city. In this research the behavior analysis of the Meteorological parameters (temperature, dew point...

The assessments of the air pollution for Erbil city were carried out by collecting samples of rain from different regions and test them in a lab to find out there pollutant effect on human health and investigate their suitability for domestic use. The acidity of the rain was tested as well; the concentration of each of TDS, NO3, CL, Ca, and turbidi...

The assessments of the air pollution for Erbil city were carried out by collecting samples of rain from different regions and test them in a lab to find out there pollutant effect on human health and investigate their suitability for domestic use. The acidity of the rain was tested as well; the concentration of each of TDS, NO3, CL, Ca, and turbidi...

The humanity efforts and the progress civilization for a better life without taking the atmospheric condition in consideration have a negative impact on the environment balance of our planet. So, it is very necessary to start doing studies about the interaction effects between the atmospheric components and meteorological parameters. For this purpo...

Atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is likely to exist in a semi-solid or glassy state, particularly at low temperatures and humidities. Previously, it has been shown that glassy aqueous citric acid aerosol is able to nucleate ice heterogeneously under conditions relevant to cirrus in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). In this study we te...

Cirrus observations taken during EMERALD1 clearly showed vertical structure in ice crystal habit and size distribution. In this study, we use these observations along with radiative and cloud modelling to assess the importance of this observed vertical structure in size and habit on radiative properties and cloud evolution. We show that neglecting...

Atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is likely to exist in an ultra viscous or glassy state, particularly at low temperatures and humidities. It has also been shown that glassy aqueous citric acid aerosol is able to nucleate ice heterogeneously under conditions relevant to cirrus in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). In this study we test...

Experiments at the AIDA chamber, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, have shown that glassy aqueous citric acid aerosol can nucleate ice at temperatures relevant to the tropical tropopause layer (TTL)(1). Modelling suggests this new route to the formation of TTL cirrus can provide an explanation for the very low ice particle number density observed...

EGU General Assembly 2010, held 2-7 May, 2010 in Vienna, Austria, p.12351 Ice clouds in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL, ~12-18 km, ~180-200 K) play a key role in dehydrating air entering the stratosphere. However, in-situ measurements show that air within these clouds is unexpectedly supersaturated(1); normally the growth of ice crystals rapid...

Ice clouds in the tropical tropopause layer play a key role in dehydrating air as it enters the stratosphere1, 2. However, in situ measurements show that water vapour within these clouds is unexpectedly supersaturated3, 4, 5; normally the growth of ice crystals rapidly quenches supersaturation3. The high in-cloud humidity may be related to the low...