Sarah M Rosanowski

various

Anthropomorphizing can misinform the making of inferences about animal mental experiences. This is a consideration when implementing the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment. An online survey run in 2021 captured horse sector participants’ perspectives about anthropomorphism and wellbeing in relation to horses. Most respondents, 82.9% (...

Background Reducing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires a multidisciplinary One Health approach, which necessitates buy-in from all stakeholders. In Aotearoa New Zealand, where the dairy industry is one of the largest users of antimicrobials, there are ongoing efforts to optimise antimicrobial usage (AMU) to minimise the development of AMR. The...

The diagnosis of functional constipation (FC) relies on patient-reported outcomes evaluated as criteria based on the clustering of symptoms. Although the ROME IV criteria for FC diagnosis is relevant for a multicultural population(1), how an individual’s lifestyle, environment and culture may influence the pathophysiology of FC remains a gap in our...

Distinct pathophysiology has been identified with disorders of gut-brain interactions (DGBI), including functional constipation (FC)(1,2), yet the causes remain unclear. Identifying how modifiable factors (i.e., diet) differ depending on gastrointestinal health status is important to understand relationships between dietary intake, pathophysiology,...

Mithen, The impact of heat treatment of bovine milk on gastric emptying and nutrient appearance in peripheral circulation in healthy females: a randomized controlled trial comparing pasteurized and ultra-high temperature milk, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, https://doi.

Animal safeguarding is a new concept for many organisations where animals are central to the business model. This presentation considers the social licence to operate and proposes 6 overarching principles for animal safeguarding: Promote an animal welfare culture, animal-centred, collaborative models of care, proportionate, solution orientated and...

Background Horse owners play a critical role in mitigating the risk of pathogen spread between horses. However, little is known about how they view biosecurity and whether they experience barriers to the uptake of preventive measures. Objectives To explore horse owners' attitudes, perceptions, and experiences of biosecurity and identify how these...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the prognosis for Thoroughbred racehorses to return to galloping and racing with injuries to the palmaroproximal metacarpus diagnosed with MRI. ANIMALS 29 flat racing Thoroughbreds at the Hong Kong Jockey Club that underwent MRI between 2014 and 2022. METHODS Clinical, radiographic, ultrasonographic, and MRI repo...

Background Reducing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) requires a multidisciplinary One Health approach, which necessitates buy-in from all stakeholders. In Aotearoa New Zealand, where the dairy industry is one of the largest users of antibiotics, there are ongoing efforts to optimise antibiotic usage (AMU) to minimise the development of AMR. These inc...

Objectives The present study aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) for ultrasonographically derived caudal vena cava (CVC) parameters in healthy cats. Methods A prospective, observational, experimental single-centre study involving 110 cats was conducted. Two trained operators scanned all cats in a randomised order. Two sets of cine loops p...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) support human living standards globally. However, there is little information on the effect of human perceptions of emotion and pain on the welfare of working donkeys. We interviewed donkey owners (n = 332) in Pakistan to determine the relationship between human perspectives on donkey sentience: emotions and the abili...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) support human living standards globally. However, there is little information on the effect of human perceptions of sentience (ability to feel pain and to have positive and negative emotions) on their welfare. We interviewed donkey owners (n = 332) in Pakistan to determine the relationship between human perspectives o...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) support human living standards globally. However, there is little information on the effect of human perceptions of sentience (ability to feel pain and to have positive and negative emotions) on their welfare. We interviewed donkey owners (n = 332) in Pakistan to determine the relationship between human perspectives o...

Report for participants in the #Futurehorse Project Delphi Panel Round 1 (Pre-reading material).

Horse welfare is the common ground that can bring together people from diverse equestrian and racing interests to improve horses’ everyday lives. However, without acknowledging the changing societal expectations towards animal welfare, horse activities risk losing relevance, a real threat to long-term sustainability. By exploring ideas such as deve...

Background Pig farming in Hong Kong differs markedly from other places in the world, with a highly urbanised population, the majority of pigs being imported for slaughter, and limited on-farm veterinary support. Little is known about the barriers and attitudes of pig farmers in Hong Kong and their expectations of a new pig health and production man...

Horse welfare is a wicked situation because veterinarians, horse owners and the community have been working across generations to find solutions, yet problems remain. One contributing factor which has received limited attention in animal welfare science and in horse owner practice is anthropomorphism. Anthropomorphism involves projecting human atti...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) are important for supporting human living standards globally. However, there is little information on the effect of human perceptions of emotion and pain in working donkeys. We interviewed donkey owners (n = 332) in Pakistan to determine the relationship between human perspectives on donkey emotions and ability to fee...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) are essential for human livelihoods and are important for carrying goods. Current recommendations suggest donkeys should only carry loads of up to 50% of their own body weight. We investigated the mounted loads carried by working donkeys in Pakistan. A cross-sectional questionnaire study of donkey owners (n = 332) was...

Background Hoof morphometry, conformation and shoeing practices have all been associated with lameness in horses. Hoof morphometry in working donkeys in Pakistan has not been objectively measured. Objectives To quantitatively assess hoof morphology in donkeys, to identify factors underlying hoof morphology, and interrelationships between conformat...

Epidemiology is often a challenging course that is not well appreciated by many students learning veterinary medicine. The curriculum for this topic can sometimes be dry, difficult for students to contextualize, and heavy with statistics and mathematical concepts. We incorporated the concepts of epidemiology that are most important for practicing v...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) are vital to people's livelihoods. They are essential for carrying goods, however, globally, overloading is one of the primary welfare concerns for working donkeys. We studied mounted load carrying by donkeys and associated factors in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study of donkey owners (n = 332) was conducted, and inte...

Quality farriery is essential to ensure donkey welfare, and many intervention programs in low-middle income countries (LMICs) train farriers, and educate owners, regarding the farriery needs of donkeys. It is essential for interventional programs to understand the perspectives of all stakeholders in donkey-owning communities. A cross-sectional ques...

Working donkeys (Equus asinus) are vital to peoples livelihoods. They are essential for carrying goods, however globally, overloading is one of the primary welfare concerns of working donkeys. We studied mounted load carrying by donkeys and associated factors in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study of donkey owners (n = 332) was conducted, and intervi...

Background Exotic diseases pose a significant risk to horse health and welfare. Several stakeholder groups, including primary care veterinarians, share responsibility for maintaining freedom from pathogens that cause exotic diseases. However, little is known about the current state of exotic disease preparedness within the British horse industry....

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) impacts performance and horse and jockey safety. Understanding the outcomes of AF identified postrace will better inform regulatory policy. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate the outcomes after episodes of AF identified postrace and determine whether affected horses are at increased risk of additional episodes...

Background Transverse stress fracture of the palmar cortex of the distal aspect of the third metacarpal bone (TSF PCD McIII) is poorly documented. Objectives To describe the typical signalment of this injury, the common clinical and radiological signs and prognosis. Study design A retrospective hospital‐based case series with follow‐up of racing...

Background There is little consensus on factors associated with survival in foals with septic arthritis and limited data on long‐term racing performance of Thoroughbred foals treated for septic arthritis. A more thorough understanding of short‐ and long‐term outcome is necessary to help inform owners, and subsequently guide treatment. Objectives T...

• Recording body temperature is a key clinical tool for monitoring equine health and welfare • Temperature monitoring is especially important when used in biosecurity protocols during infectious disease outbreaks • Currently used manual rectal temperature measurements have multiple drawbacks including staff and time limitations, accuracy and poor r...

Background Racehorses are at an increased risk of stress fracture within the first 12 months of racing and when resuming training after a break. Research in these high‐risk periods and on the effect of performance post‐recovery is limited. Objectives To describe the occurrence of stress fractures, diagnosed by nuclear scintigraphy (NS), in racehor...

Background: Rehabilitation of horses using underwater treadmill therapy has been shown to improve joint range of motion, joint mobility, stride length and proprioceptive parameters with experimental studies. However, studies investigating the prognosis and return to function following rehabilitation are lacking. Methods: A retrospective study of...

This study aimed at estimating parameters representing between-farm transmission of Salmonid Rickettsial Septicaemia (SRS) in Chile, and developing and validating simulation models to predict weekly spread of SRS between farms in Los Lagos (Region 10), using InterSpread Plus. The model parameters were estimated by analyses of the historical SRS out...

Background Many racing jurisdictions monitor race‐day musculoskeletal injury (MSI) but fail to evaluate injuries occurring during training. Additionally, previous risk factor analyses have failed to explore temporal trends in injury occurrence. Objectives To use time‐series analysis techniques to identify trends, cyclicity and peaks in MSI inciden...

The avermectin derivative emamectin benzoate (EMB) has been widely used by salmon industries around the world to control sea lice infestations. Resistance to this anti-parasitic drug is also commonly reported in these industries. The objective of this study was to quantify the number of sea lice potentially exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of E...

Background: The potential for an exotic disease incursion is a significant concern for the United Kingdom (UK) equine industry. Horse owners' perceptions of, and attitudes towards, exotic diseases can influence decisions to adopt disease preparedness strategies. The objectives of this study were to describe horse owners' 1) perceptions of the term...

This study aimed to document the prevalence of chronic equine piroplasmosis (EP) in poorly performing Standardbred racehorses and to explore associations between the disease and sex, age, and hematological parameters. Blood was collected between 2004 and 2018; blood cell counts were performed using a cell counter analyzer, biochemical parameters us...

The number of unwanted horses in the UK has increased in recent years. It is therefore important to identify factors that indicate whether a horse can be rehomed and how long it takes to be rehomed. Data from 1 January 2013 until 30 March 2014 were extracted from an equine rehoming charity’s database. Exposure variables were examined using multivar...

A quarter crack is a defect of the hoof wall that is caused by a combination of factors that affect the quality of the hoof horn. To date, no peer‐reviewed studies have described the incidence of quarter cracks in Thoroughbred racehorses during training. Further, there is limited information regarding the clinical presentation and racing performanc...

Background Osteochondral fragmentation of the carpus is a common cause of lameness in racehorses. Prognosis following arthroscopic removal of the fragments was reported in 1987, but little is known of recent success rates. Objective To identify associations between the severity and location of osteochondral fragments in the carpus, and to describe...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of exposure to a balanced electrolyte solution (BES), or equine abdominal fat on the knot-holding capacity (KHC), relative knot security (RKS), weight, and volume of forwarder knots versus surgeon's knots. Sample: 315 knots tied and tested in vitro. Procedures: United States Pharmacopeia size-3 polyglactin 910...

Epiglottic entrapment is a condition in racing horses, associated with abnormal respiratory noises and exercise intolerance. Epiglottic entrapment has been linked to both poor and superior athletic performance, leading to concerns regarding whether surgery is indicated, and whether surgical correction may have a deleterious effect on future race pe...

The welfare debate around horse racing appears to be focused on musculoskeletal injury and the racing of 2-year-olds. Much of this debate appears contrary to the evolutionary history of the horse as a cursorial animal and the capability of the equine musculoskeletal system to respond to the demands of race training. Epidemiological studies have rep...

Tropical joint syndrome (TJS) is poorly documented in the published literature but appears to be associated with horses undergoing intensive training in tropical areas: South East Asia and Northern Australia. Tropical joint syndrome is characterised by a firm, often nonpainful swelling at the front of the fetlock, which has a slow and insidious ons...

Background Equine influenza (EI) is an infectious respiratory disease of horses that has never been reported in New Zealand (NZ). However, the 2007 EI outbreak in Australia, previously EI free, spurred the NZ government and stakeholders into evaluating alternative EI control strategies in order to economically justify any future decision to eradica...

Objective To compare the bursting strength and failure mode of ventral midline celiotomy closed with a simple continuous suture pattern with 1 of 2 knot combinations, a novel self‐locking knot combination of a forwarder start with an Aberdeen end knot (F‐A) and a traditional combination of a surgeon's start with a surgeon's end knot (S‐S). Study d...

Objective To quantitate the iatrogenic injury associated with deep plantar metatarsal fasciotomy performed with Metzenbaum scissors compared with a Y‐shaped fasciotome. Study design Experimental ex vivo surgical study. Study population Cadaveric hind limbs (n = 20) from 10 sound thoroughbred racehorses. Methods A plantar metatarsal fasciotomy wa...

Background A key focus of the racing industry is to minimise the number of race‐day distal limb fractures although no studies have identified risk factors for both fatal and non‐fatal distal limb fractures. Objective To determine risk factors for race‐day distal limb fractures experienced by Thoroughbred racehorses participating in flat racing in...

Surveillance was conducted to investigate the occurrence of protozoan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium in dogs newly admitted to a dog rehoming charity in London, Great Britain. Voided faecal samples were collected from all new admissions between 2011 and 2012 during six separate 4-week sampling periods. Information on host signalment, includ...

A key focus of the racing industry is to reduce the number of race-day events where horses die suddenly or are euthanased due to catastrophic injury. The objective of this study was therefore to determine risk factors for race-day fatalities in Thoroughbred racehorses, using a cohort of all horses participating in flat racing in Great Britain betwe...

Univariable logistic regression results for race-day fatality in British flat racing Thoroughbreds (2000 to 2013). Values shown for variables with a likelihood P value of <0.25 and screened for inclusion in the multivariable model. (DOCX)

Univariable logistic regression results of risk factors for race-day fatality on turf racecourses in British flat racing Thoroughbreds (2000 to 2013). Values shown for variables with a likelihood P value of <0.25 and screened for inclusion in the multivariable model. (DOCX)

The objective of this study is to identify the relative importance of criteria that could be used to evaluate control strategies for foot and mouth disease (FMD). A questionnaire was distributed to 21 Chief Veterinary Officers (CVOs), or their representatives, at the 28th Conference of the Regional Commission for Asia, the Far East and Oceania of t...

The incidence of race-day injuries in Great Britain (GB) is higher on all-weather (AW) surfaces than on turf. However, to date no studies have focused on identifying risk factors for injury specific to AW racing. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to determine risk factors for fatality, distal limb fracture (DLF) and episodes of epis...

Background: Complications following open standing castration (OSC) in Thoroughbred racehorses are well recognised but variation in their prevalence and severity between populations is not well documented. Objectives: To describe the prevalence and severity of complications in the 30-days following OSC. Study design: A retrospective cohort stud...

During the past 20 years, there has been a contraction in the New Zealand Thoroughbred industry and, to a lesser extent, within the Standardbred industry. These changes have seen an increasing proportion of the market being associated with fewer larger commercial farms. Many of these farms manage their own mares, and the mares and foals of several...

The present review examines the commercial production of racing and sport horses in New Zealand, describing the size and scope of the industries, the management and feeding, and the training and wastage of race (Thoroughbred and Standardbred) and sport horses. The number of horses per head of population in New Zealand (30/1000 people) is high by in...

Background: Few studies have described incidences of proximal limb and pelvic fracture (PLPF) in Thoroughbred racehorses occurring on race day and during training. Information regarding clinical presentations and future racing careers in cases of PLPF is limited. Objectives: To describe the incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of PLPF su...

Against a global background of increasing anthelmintic resistance in parasites and a domestic over-reliance on anthelmintics to control gastrointestinal parasites, little is currently known about the resistance status of equine parasites in New Zealand. The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of ivermectin in yearling Thoroughbre...

Background No large‐scale studies have described veterinary events occurring in National Hunt (NH) flat racing or investigated risk factors for fatality in this race type. Objectives To describe injuries and conditions requiring veterinary attendance on race day and to determine risk factors for racehorse fatality in NH flat racing in Great Britai...

Background: To date, no large scale studies have reported race-day events requiring veterinary attention in British Thoroughbreds racing on the flat. Quantifying and describing common injuries and health conditions affecting racehorses will enable targeted risk factor analysis aimed at reducing their occurrence. Objective: To describe the type a...

A 2 year prospective study was performed between February 2011 and January 2013 to determine the incidence and risk factors for shipping fever (SF) in horses transported by air to Hong Kong (HK). Using a questionnaire, data were collected from professional flying grooms regarding the journey to HK and horses in the shipment. Horses were monitored i...

Reasons for performing studyThere is growing concern worldwide regarding anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites. In order to improve parasite control practices and reduce the selection for resistant parasites, baseline data are required. Objectives To describe the current parasite management and control practices used for racehorses. Study des...

Aims: To describe antimicrobial susceptibility, and identify antimicrobial resistance (AMR), in bacteria isolated from New Zealand foals. Methods: A database search was performed of submissions to a veterinary pathology laboratory between April 2004 and December 2013, for bacterial culture of samples from foals <3 weeks of age. Culture and susce...

Reasons for performing study Guidelines for the rational use of antimicrobials enable practitioners to improve antimicrobial stewardship and slow the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) [1]; these must be regionally relevant [2]. New Zealand (NZ) is geographically isolated and the importance of AMR on equine studs is unknown. Objectives...

Reasons for performing study Decreased efficacy of veterinary antimicrobials and increased prevalence of multi‐drug resistance ( MDR ) is of concern, but little is known of antimicrobial resistance encompassing the N ew Z ealand ( NZ ) equine population. Recent concerns have arisen over the emergence of multi‐resistant bacteria [1], especially on N...

Decreased efficacy of antimicrobials and increased prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) is of concern worldwide. To describe and analyze bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibilities from respiratory samples submitted from young horses (4 weeks to 3 years old). Samples from 289 horses were submitted to a commercial laboratory. A retrospe...

Reasons for performing studyRecommendations for prophylactic vaccination against tetanus in horses vary greatly between countries and have scarce scientific support in the peer-reviewed literature. In human medicine, recommended booster vaccination intervals are also very variable, but are considerably longer than for horses. More information is ne...

The aim of the study was to conduct a cross-sectional survey of a cohort of national and Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) level riders to provide an overview of the management and training practices of endurance horses in New Zealand. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 53 riders participating at four endurance rides (including...

The training programme for Thoroughbred flat racehorses is intense, with pressure to limit nontraining days. Fracture of the dorsal spinous processes is a traumatic event that affects a horse's ability to train and race, with little information available regarding short-term treatment and long-term outcomes for elite racing horses. Using a retrospe...

The aim of the present study was to describe the pattern of flat and jump races and starts, including temporal trends, in Thoroughbred racing in New Zealand. Data on all race starts between 1 August 2005 and 31 July 2011 were supplied by New Zealand Thoroughbred Racing. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data at both race and start le...