Sarah Janssen

Sarah Janssen
Natural Resources Defense Council | NRCD · Health and Environment Program

About

30
Publications
11,435
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1,685
Citations

Publications

Publications (30)
Article
Full-text available
Current approaches to chemical screening, prioritization and assessment are being re-envisioned, driven by innovations in chemical safety testing, new chemical regulations, and demand for information on human and environmental impacts of chemicals. To conceptualize these changes through the lens of a prevalent disease, the Breast Cancer and Chemica...
Article
Full-text available
STUDY QUESTION Is first trimester phthalate exposure associated with anogenital distance (AGD), a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure, in newborns? SUMMARY ANSWER Concentrations of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites in first trimester maternal urine samples are inversely associated with AGD in male, but not female, newborns. WHAT IS KN...
Article
Full-text available
Phthalates are ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are contaminants in food and contribute to significant dietary exposures. We examined associations between reported consumption of specific foods and beverages and first trimester urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in 656 pregnant women within a multicenter cohort study, The Inf...
Conference Paper
Breast cancer, the most common invasive cancer in women, is hypothesized to be linked to industrial chemical exposure through the environment and the use of consumer products. A major challenge in understanding the extent to which chemicals contribute to breast cancer is a lack of toxicity informationa data gapfor tens of thousands of commonly used...
Conference Paper
Thousands of chemicals have been approved as additives in food and materials used in food storage, including known hormone disrupting chemicals such as phthalates and phenolic compounds like bisphenol A. Both BPA and certain phthalates have been approved as indirect food additives since the 1950s. There is evidence of widespread exposure in the pop...
Conference Paper
Thousands of chemicals are used in food processing and food packaging and approved by the FDA as indirect food additives. This includes hormone disrupting chemicals, such as BPA and a group of chemicals called phthalates, both of which are present in the bodies of over 90 percent of the U.S. population and have been linked to reproductive and devel...
Article
Full-text available
The oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico poses direct threats to human health from inhalation or dermal contact with the oil and dispersant chemicals, and indirect threats to seafood safety and mental health. Physicians should be familiar with health effects from oil spills to appropriately advise, diagnose, and treat patients who live and work along th...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This research was conducted to evaluate in silico methods for identifying and prioritizing compounds of concern that may increase the risk of human breast cancer. Candidates identified would reflect possible mechanistic causality. Hence they could enter a pipeline for subsequent rigorous testing through an experimental methods-based algorithm propo...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This research was conducted to evaluate in silico methods for identifying and prioritizing compounds of concern that may increase the risk of human breast cancer. Candidates identified would reflect possible mechanistic causality. Hence they could enter a pipeline for subsequent rigorous testing through an experimental methods-based algorithm propo...
Article
Full-text available
Assessing adverse effects from environmental chemical exposure is integral to public health policies. Toxicology assays identifying early biological changes from chemical exposure are increasing our ability to evaluate links between early biological disturbances and subsequent overt downstream effects. A workshop was held to consider how the result...
Article
To evaluate the possible role of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) on female reproductive disorders emphasizing developmental plasticity and the complexity of endocrine-dependent ontogeny of reproductive organs. Declining conception rates and the high incidence of female reproductive disruptions warrant evaluation of the impact of EDCs on femal...
Article
Full-text available
even decades after it is applied.2 Endosulfan demonstrates environmental fate and ecological effects similar to its chemical cousins, the cyclodiene-like pesticides, that have been either cancelled (toxaphene, mirex, kepone, dieldrin, aldrin, chlordane) or severely restricted (heptachlor) due to their hazardous nature. Residues of endosulfan are de...
Article
Full-text available
There are increasing concerns over the presence and implications of pharmaceutical agents in water. In 2002, California banned pharmaceutical use of lindane because of concerns about water quality, as lindane treatment for head lice and scabies was found to be a significant factor adversely affecting wastewater quality. In this article we describe...
Article
Testicular fluid is highly condensed during its passage through the epididymal region in the avian species. In the present study, major ion transporters that are responsible for condensation mainly by water resorption in the reproductive tract as identified in the mammalian epididymis were localized within the rooster (Gallus domesticus) epididymis...
Chapter
There is ample evidence that agricultural workers and those who reside in agricultural areas have an increased risk for a variety of adverse reproductive health outcomes. Both paternal and maternal exposures to biologic and chemical agents and maternal exposure to physical factors must be recognized and controlled to prevent these adverse effects o...
Article
Full-text available
The epididymal region of the male reproductive tract is essential for sperm maturation, and dysfunction of this region results in infertility. Adult roosters have been observed to develop epididymal stones and consequently have reduced fertility. Efferent ductule cysts were first observed in White Leghorn roosters ages 18 to 26 wk. By 26 wk of age,...
Article
Regulation of the excurrent ducts of the testis is not well understood, particularly in avian species. To investigate the role of steroid hormones in the male reproductive tract, we developed a primary cell culture of epithelia isolated from rooster ductuli efferentes (efferent ductules). Efferent ductules of the avian testis comprise 77% of the ep...
Article
Although testosterone is the principal sex steroid produced by the testis, estrogen is known to be produced by both Leydig and Sertoli cells during different developmental periods. Additionally, evidence is unfolding to suggest that germ cells might also participate in the synthesis of estrogen within the male reproductive tract. We have recently r...
Article
Recently we reported that mouse germ cells in the testis contain active P450 aromatase (P450arom), the enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens. This finding suggested that germ cells have the ability to produce estrogen. Further studies have shown that germ cells in the testis of several species contain P450arom. The goal of this study was to d...

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