Sarah Delliere

Université de Paris · Parasitology/Mycology - Hôpital Saint-Louis

Trichophyton indotineae is an emerging pathogen which recently spread from India to Europe and that is more prone than other species of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex to show resistance to terbinafine, resulting in the necessity of rapid identification. Here, we improved the online MSI-2 MALDI-TOF identification tool in order to identify T...

S8.3 How the fungal cell wall glycan can modulate the immune response?, September 23, 2022, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM Being an extracellular organelle, the cell wall plays a crucial role in fungal life, by protecting fungal cells from a hostile environments and providing cells with mechanical strength. Exploiting the essentiality of this cell wall, availab...

Poster session 1, September 21, 2022, 12:30 PM - 1:30 PM Objectives Long pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern-recognition receptor secreted by phagocytes and non-immune cells at sites of inflammation. It has been reported to have a nonredundant role in the immune response against Aspergillus fumigatus. Indeed, PTX3 knock-out mice show an increa...

Candida auris is a recently described emerging pathogen in hospital settings. Five genetic clades have been delineated, with each clade being isolated from specific geographic regions. We here describe the first transmission between 2 patients (P0 and P1) of a clade I C. auris strain imported into our burn intensive care unit from the Middle East....

Fusarium spp. are plant pathogens and opportunistic pathogens in severely immunocompromised (hematological malignancy, neutropenia, solid organ transplantation, etc.) and severely burned patients. Invasive fusariosis often disseminates and mortality remains high partly due to delayed diagnosis in the absence of a positive culture. The aim of our st...

Aim: To evaluate the role and perceptions of trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: An online survey was designed to provide an insight into the significance of the COVID-19 pandemic on working conditions of infectious diseases and clinical microbiology trainees. Results: The main roles of trainees included management of patients hospitaliz...

We studied COVID-19 associated mucormycosis based on 17 cases reported nationwide and assessed the differences with India. They differed by frequencies of diabetes mellitus (47% in France versus up to 95% in India), hematological malignancies (35% versus 1%), anatomical sites (12% versus >80% rhino-orbito-cerebral) and prognosis (88% mortality vers...

Humoral immunity plays a defensive role against invading microbes, however, it has been largely overlooked with respect to Aspergillus fumigatus, an airborne opportunistic fungal pathogen. Previously, we demonstrated that surfactant protein D (SP-D), a major humoral component in human lung-alveoli, recognizes A. fumigatus conidial surface exposed m...

Introduction: Diagnosis of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis remains unclear especially in non-immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate seven mycological criteria and their combination in a large homogenous cohort of patients. Methods: All successive patients (n=176) hospitalized for COVID-19 requiring mechanical...

We describe 7 cases of extensive tinea corporis since 2018 in a hospital in Paris, France, after failure to cure with terbinafine. Molecular analysis indicated Trichophyton mentagrophytes internal transcribed spacer type VIII (T. indotineae). This strain, which has mutations in the squalene epoxidase gene, is spreading on the Indian subcontinent.

We studied COVID-19 associated mucormycosis based on 17 cases reported nationwide and assessed the differences with India. They differed by frequencies of diabetes mellitus (47% in France versus up to 95% in India), hematological malignancies (35% versus 1%), anatomical sites (12% versus >80% rhino-orbito-cerebral) and prognosis (88% mortality vers...

COVID-19-associated mold infections have been increasingly reported, and the main entity is COVID-19-associated aspergillosis (CAPA). Similarly, COVID-19-associated mucormycosis has been reported in hematology, and its prevalence is high and has been increasing in the diabetic population in India during the third COVID-19 pandemic wave. Simultaneou...

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic means, host factors, delay of occurrence, and outcome of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and fungal coinfections in the intensive care unit (ICU). From 1 February to 31 May 2020, we anonymously recorded COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), fungemia (CA-fungemia), and pneumocy...

Background Leishmaniases are regularly seen in non-endemic areas due to the increase of international travels. They include cutaneous leishmaniases (CL) and mucocutaneous (MC) caused by different Leishmania species, and visceral leishmaniases (VL) which present with non-specific symptoms. Methods We reviewed all consecutive leishmaniasis cases see...

Background The literature regarding COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has shown conflicting observations, including survival of CAPA patients not receiving antifungal therapy and discrepancy between CAPA diagnosis and autopsy findings. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of CAPA we performed a case-control study, in which we c...

Clinical metagenomics (CMg) is the process of sequencing nucleic acid of clinical samples to obtain clinically relevant information such as the identification of microorganisms and their susceptibility to antimicrobials. Over the last decades, sequencing and bioinformatic solutions supporting CMg have much evolved and an increasing number of case r...

Insufficient knowledge of bacteria and antimicrobials leads to the emergence of multidrug-resistant-bacterium infections. Diversification of the teaching forms, such as the use of games, could be a solution. We organized an event around 3 games (Bacteria Game, KROBS, and Dawaa) to collect student feedback on the evening and assess their knowledge b...

Fungal ball (FB) rhinosinusitis (RS) is the main type of non-invasive fungal RS. Despite positive direct examination (DE) of biopsies, culture remains negative in more than 60% of cases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance/efficacy of targeted metagenomics (TM) to analyze microbiota and mycobiota in FB and find microbial associatio...

We studied COVID-19 associated mucormycosis based on 17 cases reported nationwide and assessed the differences with India. They differed by frequencies of diabetes mellitus (47% in France versus 95% in India), hematological malignancies (35% versus 1%), anatomical sites (53% lung versus >80% rhino-orbito-cerebral) and prognosis (>80% mortality vers...

Trainees represent the medical practice of tomorrow. Interactions and collaborations at the early stage in career will strengthen the future of our specialties, clinical microbiology and infectious diseases. Trainee networks at the national level help access the best education and career opportunities. The aim of this collaborative white paper betw...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the value of highly skilled and extensively trained specialists in clinical microbiology (CM) and infectious diseases (ID). Training curricula in CM and ID must constantly evolve to prepare trainees for future pandemics and to allow trainees to reach their full clinical and academic potential. Ob...

Humoral immune components have been individually studied in the context of interaction of host with Aspergillus fumigatus , a major airborne fungal pathogen. However, a global view of the multitude and complex nature of humoral immune components is needed to bring new insight into host- Aspergillus interaction. Therefore, we undertook comparative p...

Optimal sensitivity to detect low Pneumocystis loads is of importance to take individual and collective measures to avoid evolution towards Pneumocystis pneumonia and outbreaks in immunocompromised patients. This study compares two qPCR procedures, a new automated RTqPCR using the GeneLEAD VIII extractor/thermocycler (GLVIII; ∼2.2 hrs workflow) and...

The name “Aspergillus” was first coined by an Italian priest Pier Antonio Micheli in 1729, as the asexual spore-bearing structure of this fungal genus resembled aspergillus, a holy water sprinkler. The genus Aspergillus belongs to the fungal division “Ascomycota” and is consisted of a few hundred filamentous (mold) species that are found in various...

Although soluble mediators of our innate immune system have a substantial impact on invading microbes, their role against fungal pathogens has been underexplored. Constituting the humoral immunity, soluble mediators comprise the complement system, collectins, acute-phase proteins, antibodies and antimicrobial peptides. These components can prevent...

Introduction Les dermatophytoses superficielles étendues résistantes aux traitements usuels peuvent être secondaires à des facteurs liés à l’hôte (immunodépression) ou à la souche (résistance). Nous décrivons le 1er cas en France d’une dermatophytose corporelle étendue résistante à la terbinafine (TBF) en lien avec une infection à une souche de Tri...

Objectives The main objective of this study was to determine invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) incidence in the COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), describe the patient characteristics associated with its occurrence and evaluate the impact on prognosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all s...

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an important cause of morbidity in immunocompromised patients, with a higher mortality in non-HIV than in HIV patients. P. jirovecii is one of the rare transmissible pathogenic fungi and the only one that depends fully on the host to survive and proliferate. Transmissibility among humans is one of the main...

Introduction Les infections fongiques invasives (IFIs) surviennent habituellement chez le sujet immunodéprimé. Des formes d’aspergillose pulmonaires invasives (API) ont été décrites chez le sujet atteint de grippe sévère et attribué à l’association de dommages de l’épithélium respiratoire, d’anomalie de la clairance muco-ciliaire et d’une paralysie...

Introduction Tandis que le pic épidémique du COVID-19 semble passé dans la majorité des pays européens, le nouveau challenge est d’évaluer l’immunité de la population à grande échelle. De nombreux tests sérologiques aux performances très variables sont proposés. Il est nécessaire et urgent d’en réaliser la validation qualitative afin de ne pas mése...

Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is regularly seen in travelers or immigrants from tropical countries. The diagnosis relies on liver imaging that is not specific, and the detection of anti- Entamoeba histolytica antibodies, which cannot distinguish acute from former infection. We tested whether E. histolytica DNA detection in serum can improve the diagn...

Although invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is typically described in immunocompromised host, patient with severe influenzae can develop IPA. Similarly, patients with severe COVID-19 complicated with IPA are increasingly reported. Here, we describe a case of invasive aspergillosis with triazole-resistant A. fumigatus (TR34/L98H mutation) in a 5...

Even though both cellular and humoral immunities contribute to host defense, the role played by humoral immunity against the airborne opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus has been underexplored. In this study, we aimed at deciphering the role of complement-system, the major humoral immune component, against A. fumigatus . Mass-spectr...

While the COVID-19 pandemic has peaked in many countries already, the current challenge is to assess population immunity on large scale. Many serological tests are available and require urgent independent validation. Here we report performance characteristics of Orient Gene (OG) COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette compare it Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG...

The use of transthyretin (TTR, prealbumin) as a marker of malnutrition and the definition of associated cut-off are a matter of debate. In order to clarify this issue, we performed a retrospective study and then a prospective validation one. In the first study, data from 23,617 consecutive patients from our University hospital were analysed. Using...

We are currently facing a frightening increase in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Aiming at screening for secondary pneumonia, we collected the data of our first twelve ICU patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Surprisingly, four were detected with Pneumocystis jirovecii (Pj) DNA and RNA, resulting in Pj prevalence of 17%. Pj...

We are currently facing a frightening increase in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Aiming at screening for fungal secondary pneumonia, we collected the data of our first 27 ICU patients, who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial aspirates. We classified the patients based on the recently published study on invasive aspergillosis in in...

Deacetylation of chitin by chitin deacetylases (Cda) results in the formation of chitosan. Chitosan, a polymer of β1,4 linked glucosamine, plays multiple roles in the function of the fungal cell wall, including virulence and evasion of host immune responses. In this study, the roles of chitosan and putative CDAs in cell wall structure and virulence...

Background: Machine learning (ML) allows the analysis of complex and large data sets and has the potential to improve healthcare. The clinical microbiology laboratory, at the interface of clinical practice and diagnostics, is of special interest for the development of ML systems. Objectives: This narrative review aims to explore the current use...

Objectives Aspergillus and Mycobacterium are opportunistic pathogens that can cause severe pulmonary diseases. To date, the clinical significance of their concomitant isolation and potential interactions in the lung remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of their concomitant isolation from respiratory samples,...

Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia relies on nucleic acid quantification in respiratory samples. Lack of standardization among molecular assays results in significant differences among assays/centers. To further promote standardization, we compared four thermocyclers and six master mixes for the detection of P. jirovecii. Whole nucleic a...

Objective: Reference methods to assess drug susceptibility of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates consist in EUCAST and CLSI standardized broth microdilution (BMD) techniques. Considering the increasing rate and the potential impact on the clinical outcome of azole-resistance in A. fumigatus, more suitable techniques for routine testing are needed. Grad...

Introduction Les mycoses cutanées et sous-cutanées (MCSC) sont des infections du derme et des tissus sous-cutanés survenant souvent suite à l’inoculation d’un agent fongique. Chez les transplantés d’organe solide les infections fongiques invasives (IFI) représentent jusqu’à 5 % des infections. Chez les transplantés rénaux (TR), les infections à cha...

Purpose of Review Defective cell–mediated immunity is a major risk factor for cryptococcosis, a fatal disease if untreated. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM), the main presentation of disseminated disease, occurs through hematogenous spread to the brain from primary pulmonary foci, facilitated by yeast virulence factors. We revisit remarkable recent imp...

Introduction Les mycoses sous-cutanées sont des infections atteignant le derme et les tissus sous-cutanés survenant le plus souvent suite à l’inoculation d’un agent fongique. Chez les patients transplantés rénaux (TR), les mycoses sous-cutanées représentent jusqu’à 5 % des infections rapportées. L’objectif de ce travail est de décrire les caractéri...

Invasive fungal diseases are increasing issues in modern medicine, where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic and the wider use of immunosuppressive drugs generate an ever-growing number of immunocompromised patients with an increased susceptibility to uncommon fungal pathogens. In the past decade, new species have been reported as being...

Immune deficiency of diverse etiology, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), antineoplastic agents, immunosuppressive agents used in solid organ recipients, immunomodulatory therapy, and other biologics, all promote invasive fungal infections. Subsequent voluntary or unintended immune recovery may induce an exaggerated inflammatory response...

Introduction et but de l’étude La transthyrétine (TTR, anciennement préalbumine) est un marqueur biologique pertinent pour évaluer l’état nutritionnel [1]. Cependant, son intérêt reste l’objet de controverses car la TTR varie avec l’inflammation et il persiste une confusion concernant son utilisation en tant que marqueur diagnostique, pronostique o...

The value of transthyretin (TTR) measurement for assessing malnutrition is under debate due to its sensitivity to inflammation and frequent confusion over its meaning (i.e. as a marker of diagnosis, prognosis, or efficacy of refeeding). Moreover, there is still no ESPEN/ASPEN guideline on its use and cut-off values. Here the aim was to evaluate the...

Introduction et but de l’étude En dépit de l’utilité démontrée de la transthyrétine dans le dépistage de la dénutrition, son utilisation demeure controversée principalement pour deux raisons : l’influence de l’état inflammatoire sur sa valeur et l’absence de consensus sur les seuils à utiliser. Une étude rétrospective menée sur une large cohorte no...

The recognition of the pathogenicity of Cutibacterium acnes in implant-associated infection is not always obvious. In this paper, we aimed to distinguish pathogenic and non-pathogenic C. acnes isolates. To reach this goal, we investigated the clonal complex (CC) of a large collection of C. acnes clinical isolates through Multi-Locus Sequence Typing...

Candida glabrata is a major pathogenic yeast in humans that is known to rapidly acquire resistance to triazole and echinocandin antifungal drugs. A mutator genotype (MSH2 polymorphism) inducing a mismatch repair defect has been recently proposed to be responsible for resistance acquisition in C. glabrata clinical isolates. Our objectives were to ev...

Introduction et but de l’étude Le dépistage et l’évaluation de la dénutrition peuvent faire appel à des critères cliniques, anthropométriques et biologiques, en particulier la concentration de transthyrétine (ou préalbumine), dont les valeurs usuelles sont comprises entre 0,20 et 0,40 g/L. Selon la Haute Autorité de santé (HAS), les seuils diagnost...

The assay of plasma transthyretin (TTR), also known as prealbumin, is a key step in the assessment of nutritional status. However, it remains unclear whether it really is a useful nutrition marker, and when and how to use it and interpret TTR levels and variations. Risk of malnutrition, malnutrition severity, prognosis associated with malnutrition...

Le dépistage et l’évaluation de la dénutrition peuvent faire appel à des critères cliniques, anthropométriques et biologiques, en particulier la transthyrétine (TTR ou préalbumine) dont les valeurs usuelles sont comprises entre 0,20 et 0,40 g/L. Selon l’ANAES les seuils diagnostiques de dénutrition et de dénutrition sévère de la TTR sont respectiv...

Introduction : Le syndrome de Bernard et Soulier (BSS) est une pathologie hémorragique constitutionnelle due à des anomalies du complexe glycoprotéique plaquettaire Ib-IX-V (GPIb-IX-V), le récepteur plaquettaire du facteur Willebrand (VWF) et de la thrombine. Le diagnostic est évoqué devant une absence d’agglutination des plaquettes en présence de...