Sara Morales Palomares

• RN,MSc,PhD
• University of Calabria

Introduction/Aim: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) challenges glycemic control, with sleep disturbances affecting insulin sensitivity and glucose variability. This study aimed to observe sleep quality in T1D patients and glycemic outcomes, particularly at bedtime hours. Methods: This retrospective observational study, conducted at an Italian clinical center,...

Background/Aim: Omega-3 fatty acids, a key component of immunonutrition, have been used to modulate immune responses and improve clinical outcomes in various settings, including hematological patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aimed to summarize the effects of omega-3 supplementation on inflammation, long...

Background/Aim: Nutritional management in neurosurgical patients with brain neoplasms is critical, as optimal nutritional status is potentially associated with improved clinical outcomes. This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact of pre- and postoperative nutritional assessment and effect of prepost interventions on the clinical outcomes....

Background: Clinical nutrition is essential in nursing care, with nurses playing a key role in supporting patients’ dietary needs. Aim: To assess the impact of active learning methodologies on clinical nutrition education, focusing on knowledge retention among nursing students. Methods: Using a quasi-experimental research design, we enrolled 131 s-...

Background/Aim: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), primarily caused by diabetes, predisposes patients to a high risk of systemic complications, including vascular ulcers. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of arterial vascular ulcers in patients with CKD, with particular attention to predisposing factors including diabetes and prevention strategies...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent health condition associated with numerous complications, including olfactory and taste dysfunction, and malnutrition. This systematic review focused on dysgeusia, smell disorders and malnutrition in CKD patients. The search included scientific databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, an...

Introduction: Pressure ulcers (PUs) represent a significant challenge in chronic care, particularly among the elderly with reduced mobility. They result in substantial socio-healthcare costs and negatively impact patients’ psychological well-being. Malnutrition is a key risk factor, hindering healing and increasing the risk of complications. As suc...

Background: Freelance nurses (FNs) are independent healthcare professionals not tied to a specific healthcare facility. In Italy, FNs are relatively unknown to the public and many healthcare pro-fessionals, who traditionally view nurses as subordinate workers. This study aimed to validate the Job Satisfaction (JS)-Nursing Italian Score, a tool for...

Background: Diabetes affects over 460 million people worldwide and represents a growing public health challenge driven largely by dietary and lifestyle factors. While Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent, Type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents unique therapeutic challenges, particularly in younger individuals. Advances in diabetes management, such as co...

Introduction/Aim: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) challenges glycemic control, with sleep dis-turbances affecting insulin sensitivity and glucose variability. This study aims to assess sleep quality in T1D patients and its impact on glycemic outcomes, particularly at bed-time. Methods: This retrospective observational study, conducted at an Italian clinical...

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a significant global health challenge. Nephrology nurses, possessing specialized competencies, play an essential role in providing high‐quality care to CKD patients. Aim This scoping review aims to comprehensively map and synthesize literature on the competencies of nephrology nurses worldwide. Met...

Background: As part of simulation-based learning, it is well known that debriefing plays a crucial role; ineffective debriefing can lead to a reiteration of errors in decision-making and a poor understanding of one’s limitations, compromising the learner’s psychological safety and making future simulated learning experiences less effective. In Ital...

Introduction: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) defines depression as a persistent period of sadness or a reduced interest in everyday activities lasting at least two weeks. Anhedonia, a key symptom of depression, is notable for its significance and is regarded as the second most important factor related to non-somat...

Background/objectives: The Internet of Things (IoT) technology connects objects to the internet, and its applications are increasingly used in healthcare to improve the quality of care. However, the use of IoT for the nutritional management of patients with chronic neurological cognitive impairment is still in development. This scoping review aims...

Introduction. Central Catheter-related infections and biofilm formation are significant issues in the context of nosocomial infections that increase resistance to conventional therapies. Methodology. This case report describes an unconventional treatment for a Serratia Marcescens Central Venous Catheter infection in a hemodialysis patient through t...

Background: Nutritional interventions play a critical role in bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients. This review evaluates the effectiveness of nutritional strategies in mitigating post-transplant malnutrition and improving clinical outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The search t...

Background: Diabetes affects over 460 million people worldwide and poses a growing public health challenge, driven largely by dietary and lifestyle factors. While type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent, type 1 diabetes (T1D) presents unique therapeutic challenges, particularly in younger individuals. Advances in diabetes management, such as contin...

Background/Aims: Ultrasound is a key diagnostic tool in modern medicine due to its ability to provide real-time, high-resolution images of the internal structures of the human body. Despite its undeniable advantages, there are challenges related to the contamination of ultrasound probes, with the risk of healthcare-associated infections. The aim of...

Introduction The increasing complexity of the healthcare sector requires an evolution in nursing education to effectively manage care in complex and interdisciplinary contexts. Aim This review aims to analyze the role of advanced practice nurse (APN) in the surgical context within hospital settings, detailing their functions and responsibilities....

Background/Objectives: The Internet of Things (IoT) technology connects objects to the Internet, and its applications are increasingly used in healthcare to improve the quality of care. However, the use of IoT for the nutritional management of patients with cognitive impairment resulting from stroke or related factors is still in development. This...

Introduction. Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing renal replacement therapy have complex care needs. To address this, nephrology and dialysis nurses must possess expertise in advanced specialist and disciplinary skills. The aim of this review is to analyze post-graduate academic training pathways and clinical-care training in the field...

Background: The aging population drives a growing demand for care, particularly in Europe. It is estimated that approximately 1.5-2 million individuals have a chronic wound. Among these, pressure ulcers (PUs) are one of the most prevalent complications in vulnerable individuals. Malnutrition is a primary risk factor, yet it can be mitigated throug...

Background and Objectives: In Italy, as in the rest of the world, government restrictions aimed at containing the spread of COVID-19 primarily imposed limitations on social relationships and personal behavior. This situation significantly affected the management of chronic illnesses, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). The objective was to evaluate th...

Introduction/Aim: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune modulation, which may influence the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This study aims to evaluate the impact of vitamin D levels and supplementation on the incidence of GvHD in HSCT patients. Methods: A nar...

Background: Lifestyle medicine (LM) is a contemporary scientific discipline with a multidisciplinary approach. Case Management offers a viable alternative for the care of patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to identify the role and clinical applications of the lifestyle medicine case manager nurse (LMCMN) for T2D patients internat...

Background: COVID-19 infection, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), quickly emerged as the most significant event of the new millennium. A balanced diet seems to ensure the proper functioning of the immune system and plays a fundamental role in the prevention of viral disease, inflammation, or thrombosis. The pri...

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are a novel class of incretin mimetics for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study evaluated the impact of semaglutide, the first oral GLP-1RA, on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body composition and anthropometric parameters. Additionally, the effec...

Background: Depression is a serious and debilitating condition with a rising prevalence. Anhedonia, a core symptom of depression, is notably significant and the second most weighted factor among the non-somatic concerns of depression, following depressed mood. The interaction between technology use, mood, emotions, depression, and anhedonia is a cr...

Background and Aim: In patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Enteral Nutrition (EN) is associated with less hyperglycemia and lower insulin requirements compared to Parenteral Nutrition (PN). The primary aim of this study was to assess changes in glycemic control (GC) in DM patients on EN therapy. The secondary objectives included evaluating the im...

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease that primarily occurs in pediatric populations. A school nurse (SN) can provide valuable support in the school setting for minors affected by this condition. Methods: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of nursing care provided to adolescents and children with T1D using techno...

Background: Preoperative malnutrition is a significant factor in patients with pancreatic tumors undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the association between preoperative malnutrition and delayed discharge within a ten-day timeframe and potential correlations between preoperative malnutrition and postoperative sur...

Background/aim: Nutrition is a key element of the prehabilitation process prior to surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical pathways of nutritional prehabilitation before cystectomy. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus and the Web of Science databases. Quality a...

Ischemic stroke causes vascular paralysis and impaired autoregulation in the brain, the degree of which is dependent on the depth and duration of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Ischemic stroke also impairs myogenic response of middle cerebral arteries (MCA) that may be an underlying mechanism by which autoregulation is impaired. Myogenic responses...

Reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke can cause secondary brain injury, especially under hyperglycemic (HG) conditions. Here we investigated the effect of acute treatment with rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist, prior to postischemic reperfusion, on stroke outcome during HG stroke. Male Wistar rats...

The vast majority of studies on stroke therapy have focused on protecting the neuron from hypoxic/ischemic injury. While undoubtedly important, stroke is a vascular disorder affecting not only neurons, but numerous other cell types in the brain including astrocytes, microglia, and vascular cells (endothelium and smooth muscle). In fact, the only ef...

We investigated mechanisms by which circulating factors during hyperglycemic (HG) stroke affect cerebrovascular function and the role of peroxynitrite in stroke outcome. Middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) were isolated from male Wistar rats and perfused with plasma from rats that were hyperglycemic for 5 to 6 days by streptozotocin and underwent eithe...

This study evaluated the hypothesis that physiological maturation affects cerebral artery smooth muscle-endothelial interactions involved in pressure-induced tone and alters the dimensional and biomechanical properties of small posterior cerebral arteries (PCA). Secondary branches of PCA from young (4-5 weeks old, n=11), adult (14-16 weeks old, n=1...

Despite considerable research that has contributed to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke, translation of this knowledge into effective therapies has largely failed. The only effective treatment for ischemic stroke is rapid recanalization of an occluded vessel by dissolving the clot with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Howev...

The majority of isolated vessel experiments are performed with buffer or artificial cerebrospinal fluid in the lumen. Because the presence of plasma could affect vascular function and may be more physiological, we evaluated the influence of plasma on middle cerebral arteries (MCA). Arteries were isolated from male Wistar rats, mounted on glass cann...