Sara Gil-Perotin

Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe · Department of Neurology

The Spanish Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a widely used scale to assess sexual dysfunction (SD), but its validation in Spanish women with multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been done. This cross-sectional multicenter study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the 19-item Spanish version of FSFI (svFSFI) in 137 women with MS and...

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), including cyclosporine and tacrolimus, are frequently associated with neurological complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, there is a lack of studies comparing the incidence and characteristics of NCs in patients undergoing HSCT based on CNI-free or CNI-based GVHD prophyl...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are autoimmune disorders characterized by inflammatory episodes affecting the brain and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, respectively. The frequent association between MS and IBD suggests that both conditions may share common pathogenic mechanisms. However, different responses to biologic...

IntroductionRituximab (RTX) is considered a potential therapeutic option for relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and progressive forms (PMS) of multiple sclerosis (MS). The main objective of this work was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of rituximab in MS.Patients and methodsObservational multicenter study of clinical and radiological effectiven...

The information provided by a person with multiple sclerosis (MS) may anticipate changes in the course of the disease. To explore the role of a set of standardized patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in predicting disability progression in MS an observational study was conducted in two cohorts of 30 and 86 persons with progressive MS (pwPMS) and relaps...

Objective To determine baseline cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables at the onset of a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS) that predict evolution to secondary progressive MS (SPMS).Methods276 CIS patients with a minimum follow-up of 10 years were studied. Baseline presence of oligoc...

Introduction Levels of neuro-filament light chain (NFL) correlate with clinical and radiological activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) and have been used as a surrogate biomarker of axonal destruction related to inflammatory activity. The main objective of this work is to explore the specific contribution of acute inflammation within the spinal cord...

Introduction Ocrelizumab, an antiCD-20 antibody, is the only drug approved to treat patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (pwPPMS). Not all candidates receive this treatment due to prescription limitations. Rituximab, another antiCD-20 antibody, has been used off-label in pwPPMS before and after ocrelizumab approval. However, studies...

Cerebrospinal kappa free light chain (KFLC)-index is a marker of intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis that aids in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, little evidence exists on its prognostic role. Our aim is to analyze the relationship between KFLC-index and other MS biomarkers and to explore its prognostic role. This is a monocentr...

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy after stroke is a promising option investigated in animal models and clinical trials. The intravenous route is commonly used in clinical settings guarantying an adequate safety profile although low yields of engraftment. In this report, rats subjected to ischemic stroke were injected with adipose-derived stem cells (AD...

The cloning of green fluorescent protein (GFP) has opened a new arena of protein labeling, and has become a new alternative to existing markers or dyes. Main advantages are its stability and its fluorescent activity independent on the binding of other ligands or proteins. The use of GFP-tagged proteins has found multiple applications in molecular b...

Objective Neurofilament light protein (NfL) and chitinase 3–like 1 (CHI3L1) are biomarkers for acute neuroaxonal damage and local inflammation, respectively. Thus, we set out to evaluate how these biomarkers were associated with clinical features of demyelinating diseases in parallel with the expression in brain autopsies from patients with similar...

Background Recessive mutations in the SLC4A4 gene cause a syndrome characterised by proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA), mental retardation, dental and ocular abnormalities, and hemiplegic migraine. Rare cases involving the development of epilepsy or its severe complication—status epilepticus—have been described.Methods The clinical and genetic...

Objective To assess the role of CSF chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), chitinase 3-like-2 (CHI3L2), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in predicting the course of primary progressive MS (PPMS). Methods We analyzed CSF CHI3L1, CHI3L2, and NfL levels in 25 patients with PPMS with disease duration ≤10 years and no disease-modifying therapy for ≥6 months f...

Background: Patients with liver cirrhosis may develop hepatic encephalopathy. Rats with chronic hyperammonemia exhibit neurological alterations mediated by peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation. Motor incoordination is due to increased TNF-a levels and activation of its receptor TNFR1 in the cerebellum. The aims were to assess (a) whether...

Background and objective: Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuritis (CRION) is one of the more common phenotypes related to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Abs). The absence of specific biomarkers makes distinguishing between CRION and relapsing inflammatory ON (RION) difficult. A recent work has suggested a widespread affec...

Objetivo: Estudiar la respuesta neuroprotectora y neurorregeneradora de las células mesenquimales adultas (aMSC) sobre las células ganglionares de la retina (CGR) y el nervio óptico (NO) en un modelo animal de esclerosis múltiple, como la encefalitis autoinmune experimental (EAE). Métodos: Se estudiaron los cambios que ocurrieron en la retina y el...

Background: Neurofilament light chain protein (NFL) and chitinase3-like1 (CHI3L1) have gained importance recently as prognostic biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: We aimed to investigate NFL and CHI3L1 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles in multiple sclerosis and the informative and prognostic potential of the individual and combined...

Introduction Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune, chronic and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with axonal demyelination, gliosis and neurodegeneration. It is considered a frequent cause of neurological disability in young adults. In this work, an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) model was optimized by injecting a m...

Background It has been described that treating relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients with alemtuzumab following fingolimod could be less effective due to the different dynamics of lymphocyte repopulation. Effectiveness and safety of alemtuzumab compared to rituximab after fingolimod withdrawal were analyzed. Patients and methods A...

Resumen Introducción La esclerosis múltiple es una enfermedad autoinmune, crónica e inflamatoria del sistema nervioso central con desmielinización axonal, gliosis y neurodegeneración. Considerada una causa frecuente de discapacidad neurológica en adultos jóvenes. En este trabajo, se ha optimizado un modelo de encefalomielitis autoinmune experiment...

Background & Aims Chronic hyperammonemia induces neuroinflammation which mediates cognitive impairment. How hyperammonemia induces neuroinflammation remains unclear. We propose the hypothesis that chronic hyperammonemia would induce peripheral inflammation that would induce neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment, which would be prevented by red...

•Alemtuzumab is increasingly used for aggressive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treatment. It is a very effective treatment due to induces a profound immune-suppression status, followed by a homeostatic reconstitution of immune cells phase. The main inconvenience is the presence of a high prevalence of induced autoimmunity long-term after i...

INTRODUCTION: Rituximab is considered as a potential therapeutic option in relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and progressive forms (PMS) of multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of rituximab in MS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational study of effectiveness (clinical and radiological) and safety of rituximab in...

Background Disease-modifying therapies are thought to reduce the conversion rate to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Objective To explore the rate, chronology, and contributing factors of conversion to the progressive phase in treated relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Methods Our study included 204 patients treated for rel...

Supplemental material 1 for Onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is not influenced by current relapsing multiple sclerosis therapies

Supplemental material 2 for Onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is not influenced by current relapsing multiple sclerosis therapies

Supplemental material 3 for Onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is not influenced by current relapsing multiple sclerosis therapies

Supplemental material 4 for Onset of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis is not influenced by current relapsing multiple sclerosis therapies

The clinical diagnosis of patients with autoantibodies directed to conformational myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, (MOG)-IgG, can be challenging because of atypical clinical presentation. MOG-IgG seropositivity has been reported in several demyelinating diseases, including relapsing opticospinal syndromes (in the neuromyelitis optica spectrum d...

In situ RT-PCR detects and amplifies mRNA (cDNA) while obtaining spatial information of gene expression. When the intended use is an ultrastructural analysis of morphology, the procedure may be technically challenging and quality of tissue dramatically altered by proteolytic digestion and extreme astringency and temperature conditions. We describe...

The main objective of our work is to describe the long-term results of myeloablative autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) in multiple sclerosis patients. Patients that failed to conventional therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) underwent an approved protocol for AHSCT, which consisted of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization wit...

Ependymal cells (E1/E2) and ciliated B1cells confer a unique pinwheel architecture to the ventricular surface of the subventricular zone (SVZ), and their cilia act as sensors to ventricular changes during development and aging. While several studies showed that forebrain demyelination reactivates the SVZ triggering proliferation, ectopic migration,...

Multiciliated ependymal (E1) cells line the brain ventricles and are essential for brain homeostasis. We previously identified in the lateral ventricles a rare ependymal subpopulation (E2) with only two cilia and unique basal bodies. Here we show that E2 cells form a distinct biciliated epithelium extending along the ventral third into the fourth v...

Supplementary Figures

Inflammation contributes to cognitive impairment in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, the process by which peripheral inflammation results in cognitive impairment remains unclear. In animal models, neuroinflammation and altered neurotransmission mediate cognitive impairment. Taking into account these data, we hypothesized that in...

Building the human brain As the brain develops, neurons migrate from zones of proliferation to their final locations, where they begin to build circuits. Paredes et al. have discovered that shortly after birth, a group of neurons that proliferates near the ventricles migrates in chains alongside circulatory vessels into the frontal lobes (see the P...

The cloning of green fl uorescent protein (GFP) has opened a new arena of protein labeling and has become a new alternative to existing markers or dyes. Main advantages are its stability and its fl uorescent activity independent on the binding of other ligands or proteins. The use of GFP-tagged proteins has found multiple applications in molecular...

Ex vivo high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) provides metabolic information with higher sensitivity and spectral resolution than in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Therefore, we used both techniques to better characterize the metabolic pattern of the infarct and the neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the ipsilateral subventricula...

Hypothalamic tanycytes, a radial glial-like ependymal cell population that expresses numerous genes selectively enriched in embryonic hypothalamic progenitors and adult neural stem cells, have recently been observed to serve as a source of adult-born neurons in the mammalian brain. The genetic mechanisms that regulate the specification and maintena...

Whether young neurons continue to be added to the developing human cortex after birth remains highly controversial. Recent work from our laboratory has revealed a large transient population of doublecortin (DCX)+ cells with migratory morphology in the human subventricular zone (SVZ) along the the ventral walls of the anterior lateral ventricle (LV)...

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess surveillance cultures (SC) prediction accuracy in two periods and settings of the same Department with a different microbiological epidemiology (high and low prevalence of multi-drug resistant microorganisms (MDRM)). Methods: Prospective and observational study. SC were obtained twice a week...

The possibility of obtaining large numbers of cells with potential to become functional neurons implies a great advance in regenerative medicine. A source of cells for therapy is the subventricular zone (SVZ) where adult neural stem cells (NSCs) retain the ability to proliferate, self-renew, and differentiate into several mature cell types. The neu...

Biofilm formation on external ventricular drainages (EVDs) has been postulated as the main pathogenic mechanism for EVD-associated ventriculitis. However, biofilm on EVDs has never been systematically studied and the in vivo effect of antibiotic-impregnated EVDs on biofilm has not been assessed. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence o...

Ex vivo high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) provides metabolic information with higher sensitivity and spectral resolution than in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Therefore, we used both techniques to better characterize the metabolic pattern of the infarct and the neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the ipsilateral subventricula...

Introduction Biofilm in endotracheal tubes (ETT) of ventilated patients has been suggested to play a role in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Our purpose was to analyze the formation of ETT biofilm and its implication in the response and relapse of VAP. Methods We performed a prospective, observational study in a medical i...

Previous studies have shown that prenatal exposure to the mutagen N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), a N-nitroso compound (NOC) found in the environment, disrupts developmental neurogenesis and alters memory formation. Previously, we showed that postnatal ENU treatment induced lasting deficits in proliferation of neural progenitors in the subventricular...

The tumor suppressor protein p53 (Trp53) and the cell cycle inhibitor p27 Kip1 (Cdknb1) have both been implicated in regulating proliferation of adult subventricular zone (aSVZ) cells. We previously reported that genetic ablation of Trp53 (Trp53 −/−) or Cdknb1 (p27 Kip1−/−) increased proliferation of cells in the aSVZ, but differentially affected t...

N-ethyl-N-nitrosurea (ENU), a type of N-nitrous compound (NOC), has been used as inductor for brain tumours due to its mutagenic effect on the rodent embryo. ENU also affected adult neurogenesis when administered during pregnancy. However, no studies have investigated the effect of ENU when exposured during adulthood. For this purpose, three experi...

Recent publications have shown that the lateral wall of the lateral ventricles in the Macaca fascicularis brain, in particular the subventricular zone (SVZ), contains neural stem cells throughout adulthood that migrate through a migratory pathway (RMS) to the olfactory bulb (OB). To date, a detailed and systematic cytoarchitectural and ultrastructu...

Adult neurogenesis has been questioned for many years. In the early 1900s, a dogma was established that denied new neuron formation in the adult brain. In the last century, however, new discoveries have demonstrated the real existence of proliferation in the adult brain, and in the last decade, these studies led to the identification of neural stem...

Brain ischemia occurs when an artery to the brain is blocked. The term ischemic stroke refers to a sudden endangering of cerebral functions due to a variety of histopathological alterations involving one or more blood vessels. Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain, and takes away carbon dioxide and cellular waste. If an artery is blocked,...

The first works in neurogenesis were based on anatomical and morphological descriptions of the mitotic figures that were either found randomly within the brain or concentrated in definite regions. The emergence of electron microscopy (EM), which enabled greater magnifications, implied a significant gain of knowledge compared to the information obta...