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Sankar Mariappan

Sankar Mariappan
Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation · ICAR

Doctor of Philosophy
Research and Development

About

45
Publications
32,109
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351
Citations

Publications

Publications (45)
Article
Full-text available
The paper is an attempt to determine the Phyto-diversity (vegetative) conditions under the undisturbed forest and different fallow lands following shifting cultivation by evaluating the species composition, diversity and abundance of trees, shrubs and herbs in Serchhip district, Mizoram, India. The Jhum cycle was of 7 years in the selected field si...
Article
Full-text available
Hilly and mountainous regions are significantly impacted by soil erosion, primarily due to rainfall-runoff processes occurring on the hillslope scale. Assessing soil erosion is crucial for quantifying the loss of soil carbon and nutrients, which diminishes the potential of soil ecosystem services and is critical for mitigating the impacts of climat...
Article
The topography and land use/land cover (LULC) of the hillslope play a significant influence on soil erosion because of water, which is considered as a principal factor for the reduction of soil organic carbon content. Reliable information on the impact of erosion mechanism on soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) is essential for effectively accounting...
Article
The Himalayas possess a distinctive topography owe to the dynamic interplay of tectonic activity, geological erosion and sedimentation, glacial processes, and climatic influences over the millions of years. The rugged, steep terrain and poor land management make it more prone to water erosion, negatively impacts the soil, affecting the goods and se...
Conference Paper
Soil erosion caused by water is a major concern for land degradation in the Himalayas, impacting the livelihoods of people dependent on subsistence agriculture. Implementing sustainable land use planning and management practices is essential for reducing soil loss. Accurate, long-term data on soil erosion rates are necessary for effective natural r...
Article
This study systematically investigates the comparative impacts of organic and inorganic farming on soil quality and crop yield in four distinct agricultural fields located in Dehradun and Jalandhar, India. Organic farming, characterized by the use of environmentally benign fertilizers such as manure, is contrasted with inorganic farming, employing...
Chapter
Agricultural lands are a major source of greenhouse gas emission that causes global warming. Carbon sequestration in agricultural sector can be achieved by assimilating atmospheric carbon dioxide in biomass and as soil organic carbon in soil through sustainable management practices. The concept of smart farming emerged to support sustainable agricu...
Chapter
Soil erosion (SE) is a major concern for ecosystem services and food security for the global community. Climate change, unsustainable land management practices, abandoning cultivable agricultural land, deforestation, and steep slope are the prime factors that worsen the soil erosion status. Soil erosion and associated carbon (C) loss is one of the...
Article
Full-text available
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a significant tropical fruit crop that is primarily propagated through stem cuttings. The success of propagation through stem cuttings largely depends on the rooting medium used. Therefore, optimising the rooting medium is crucial for enhancing the success rate of guava propagation. This study was conducted in the Hima...
Article
The Himalayan hills and mountains are very fragile and being threatened by land degradation due to soil erosion by water, poses serious challenges to the soil ecosystem services and sustainability of natural resources. Reliable estimate of long-term soil erosion rate in various land use/land cover types and slopes are necessitated to suggest suitab...
Article
Full-text available
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a significant tropical fruit crop that is primarily propagated through stem cuttings. The success of propagation through stem cuttings largely depends on the rooting medium used. Therefore, optimising the rooting medium is crucial for enhancing the success rate of guava propagation. This study aimed to identify the...
Article
Full-text available
Slopy agricultural lands are more susceptible to soil erosion and hence are priority sites for the application of protective soil management practices. A conservation agriculture field experiment was established at a 6% field slope in 2011 at the ICAR-IISWC Research Farm, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, which is situated in the Northwestern Himalayan Region...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The present study compares the effects of organic and inorganic farming on soil quality and the crop yield of different agricultural fields. The study was conducted for two agricultural fields of Dehradun (Uttarakhand) and Jalandhar (Punjab). In this study, we've examined the physical and chemical characteristics of soil from the agricultural field...
Article
The soil organic matter is a crucial factor in determining soil characteristics and productivity; however various land management practices degrade or aggrade the soil health. The objective of this study was to look at the influence of land-use conversion on soil health by using the concept of stratification ratio (SR) of soil organic carbon (SOC)...
Chapter
Full-text available
Global warming is continuing to occur globally as result of fossil fuel burning and no signs of decreasing concentration of greenhouse gases. The environment is highly dependent on the climate of a particular region. Any variation may negatively impact the proper functioning and processes of the ecosystem. Every sector is severely under threat of g...
Article
It is essential to minimize soil quality degradation in sloping agricultural fields through stabilization and improvement of soil hydraulic properties using sustainable soil management. This study aimed to analyze the impact of different tillage practices, including conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), and zero tillage (ZT), on soil hyd...
Article
Knowledge of temporal variation of soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) is crucial to understand soil physical behavior under different tillage practices. The objective of this study was to assess the variation of saturated and near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (NSHC) and water-conducting macroporosity (Ɛ) under long-term (09 years) tillage re...
Article
Full-text available
The conservation and sustainability of natural resources , particularly soil and water, are crucial for agricultural yield and livelihood. Soil erosion models simulate the influence of existing farm management patterns as well as soil conservation interventions affecting soil erosion rates and accordingly recommend appropriate management techniques...
Article
Knowledge of temporal variation of soil hydraulic properties (SHPs) is crucial to understand soil physical behavior under different tillage practices. The objective of this study was to assess the variation of saturated and near‐saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (NSHC) and water‐conducting macroporosity (Ɛ) under long‐term (09 years) tillage re...
Article
Full-text available
The disturbances caused to forests by human interferences have a significant impact on forest hydrology and the nutrient cycle. The stemflow, throughfall, interception loss, and runoff are the major components of the forest hydrology and play an active role in nutrients cycling. A study was therefore carried out in the Sal forests under various dis...
Article
Full-text available
The extent to which soil erosion is a net source or sink of carbon globally remains unresolved but has the potential to play a key role in determining the magnitude of CO2 emissions from land-use change in rapidly eroding landscapes. The effects of soil erosion on carbon storage in low-input agricultural systems, in acknowledged global soil erosion...
Article
Full-text available
Indian farmers have innate knowledge and proficiency in organic farming as it istheir traditional way of agriculture. During the 1960s the demand for food production has increased and created much pressure on land and water resources. Out of a total reported geographical area of 329 Mha of India, about 146.8 Mha are degraded by various factors amon...
Article
Full-text available
The soil pore system is an important hydraulic property to understand the hydro-physical behavior of soil. The present study aimed to assess the impact of long-term tillage practices (CT - conventional tillage, MT - minimum tillage, and ZT - zero tillage) on flow weighted mean pore radius (r ), the number of pores (n ), and soil 0 0 pore-hydraulic...
Article
Tillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on near-saturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan region, India. Three treatments viz. conventional ti...
Article
Full-text available
Tillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on nearsaturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan region, India. Three treatments viz. conventional til...
Article
Full-text available
There are 17 nutrients established as essential for plant growth and higher yield, among those 6 nutrients viz., zinc, boron, iron, manganese, molybdenum and copper are required in small quantities and therefore called micronutrients. Though the requirement of micronutrient is less, their role in plants for the sustainable yield is very important....
Article
Full-text available
The economical stability and social sustainability of countries, worldwide, depend on their healthy and rich agricultural soils with supportive ecosystems. Agricultural soils have long been regarded merely as a means of holding up the plant and as a result, they have not always been managed properly to maintain and enhance their crop production cap...
Article
Full-text available
Soil degradation deteriorates soil health and has been considered as one of the major causes of human malnutrition (Lal, 2009). In combating malnutrition, presently adopted approaches like food fortification, mineral supplementation, food diversification and bio-fortification are not sufficient and call for additional and simultaneous soil bas...
Article
Full-text available
Cotton (Gossypium sp.) is a major crop grown under rainfed conditions in Vertisols and associated soils in semi-arid tropical (SAT) regions of Peninsular India. In recent years, cotton productivity has declined due to various biophysical factors including pest and diseases, seasonal water stress soil degradation and poor crop management practices....
Article
Full-text available
Soil cracks can enhance water recharge through preferential flow during the rainy season and enhanced evaporation loss during the post-rainy season. Despite their significance, a limited information is available on the management of surface cracks in Vertisols. The frequency, size, and rate of development of cracks greatly affect the movement of so...
Article
Worldwide, conservation agriculture practices involving minimal soil disturbances and retention of crop residue (>30%) have been practised increasingly and recognized to enhance soil health by optimizing key soil attributes. However, little information is available on the short‐term effects of conservation agriculture practices on soil properties u...
Article
Full-text available
Soil degradation induced by erosion represents a major threat to food production and ecosystem service globally, and in India more than 80 Mha have been impacted. In the light of the serious threat, there is a pressing need for a systematic nationwide assessment of land degradation due to erosion. We discuss the potential for using caesium-137 and...
Article
Full-text available
Land evaluation correlates soil survey information, climate, vegetation and other aspects of land with the specific use for which land is evaluated. In this process, the suitability of the land is assessed and classified. Shrinking land availability, increasing land degradation and expanding population necessitates the wise use of lands. Appraisal...
Article
The soil properties of the different land uses were studied in various landscape positions in lower Himalayan watershed of India. Soil properties such as bulk density showed lowest value in forest land use with mean value of 1.15 Mg m−3 Sand and silt contents were more in nalabed and agriculture-fallow land use, respectively in lower landscape, whe...
Article
Full-text available
Maintaining groundwater quality is the most critical issue in coastal region and it necessitates understanding of seawater intrusion and salinization process in this region for the wise management of groundwater…………………… Chemical composition of groundwater in coastal region differs broadly depending on diverse geo-hydrology, hydrometeorology, topogr...
Article
Full-text available
Soil resource of the coastal regions of Cuddalore district was studied to assess the productivity rating for the field, pasture and tree crops. The soil resource was inventoried using remote sensing approach. The IRS 1D PAN merged LISS III data at 1:50,000 scale was exploited for pre-field interpretation. The different image interpretation units (I...
Article
Abstract: Detailed soil survey (1: 5000 scale) of Kutturavupatti village (537ha) in Sivagangai district of Tamil Nadu was conducted during 2005-06 to delineate the area for agricultural suitability. Four soil series, namely, Sivagangai, Melapoongudi, Tamarakki and Keelapoongudi were identified. The soils of Sivagangai series had more than 70% gr...

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