Sanjay Kumar Munjal

Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | PGIMER · Department of Otolaryngology

The primary aim of the study was to develop phonemically balanced passage, Oral passage and Nasal passage in Punjabi language. Development of the passage: The words in the passage were chosen to represent the way sounds are distributed in spoken Punjabi language, and the relative phonemic distribution of each word inside each paragraph matched how...

AUDITORY NEUROPATHY SPECTRUM DISORDER IN CHILDREN: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERINATAL RISK FACTORS AND RADIOLOGY

Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire is an HRQoL tool that was developed by Dutch researchers to assess the QoL in adult CI users in the English language. It is used to measure the impact of the use of CI on the daily life situations of its users, on the perception of speech sounds, and on the cost–benefit assessment CI in adult CI users. There...

Background : Speech abnormalities due to velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) significantly affect communication skills, self-esteem, and scholastic performance. It leads to a poor social, emotional, educational, and behavioural development and a poor quality of life overall in cleft lip palate (CLP) patients. Its early diagnosis and severity assessm...

Objective: This paper attempts to describe the neuropsychological differences between subgroups of tinnitus with normal hearing. Materials and methods: The study compared 150 normal-hearing participants with and without tinnitus in the 18-55 age group. The participants completed nine neuropsychological tests, namely; Reys auditory verbal learnin...

Background: The Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality-of-life Scale (PANQOL) was specifically developed for assessing the quality of life (QOL) in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS). Its utility has been established in many populations, but it has not been validated for use in India. Objective: The objective of this study was to translate PANQOL i...

Tinnitus individuals often report psychological problem like anger, depression, low confidence etc. Due to Lack of any well-structured approach for the tinnitus treatment, many approaches have been utilized in the past to reduce the psychological issues in tinnitus suffers. However, the effectiveness of the Yoga in this context is not well studied....

The objective was to measure the effect of various face masks on speech recognition threshold and the word recognition score in the presence of varying background noise levels. 20 normal-hearing adult subjects (a total of 40 ears) participated. Pure tone audiometry followed by speech recognition threshold and word recognition score at the most comf...

Background: This study aimed to delineate the underlying pathophysiology of tinnitus between normal hearing and hearing loss subjects. Objective: The study aimed to characterize the neuropsychological aspects of two types of groups with tinnitus having variable hearing thresholds. Materials and methods: The study sample comprises 75 subjects i...

Introduction Obesity has tripled since 1975 and affects health across many domains. Increasing body mass index increases the risk to the obese subject of many non-communicable diseases. The study evaluated the perceptive, aerodynamic, and acoustic parameters that characterize the voice of the obese population. Methodology Eighty adult subjects (40...

Introduction: The present study reviews our experience with children with white matter disturbances and the benefits they get from rehabilitation post cochlear implantation. Materials and methods: It is a retrospective cohort study of 7 cochlear implanted children with white matter disturbances. Preoperatively all the subjects had undergone a co...

Objective of the study: To measure and compare the latencies of P1, N1 & P2 of ALLR in children with learning disability. Methodology: For 20 children diagnosed with learning disability (LD), Pure Tone Audiometry, Speech Audiometry, Impedance Audiometry, and ALLR were obtained, and the results were compared to a control group. Important Findings: B...

Objective: To determine the effect of earmuffs on stability of physiological parameters i.e. heart rate, respiratory rate, and oximeter saturation (SpO2)] in preterm neonates. Methods: Non-randomized, cross-over study. 60 stable preterm neonates observed without and with earmuffs for 2 hours each (control and intervention periods, respectively)....

Background Reports on childhood neurodevelopmental and neurosensory outcomes following acute bilirubin encephalopathy from low- and middle-income countries are scarce. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the neurodevelopmental and neurosensory outcomes of survivors of acute bilirubin encephalopathy. Study design Retrospective cohort. Subjects Neonat...

Purpose: Stimulation approach is a therapy technique to improve language production using auditory and visual stimulation. Jellow app is a mobile app designed for compensating for impaired language skills and may be used in the intervention of persons with aphasia. The study aimed to determine the benefits of using the Jellow app as a facilitator o...

Introduction: This research was conducted to investigate the severity of tinnitus, its impact on subject's daily, personal and emotional life, which varies widely across the age groups. Methodology: Sample population of 60 unilateral tinnitus subjects with normal hearing between the age ranges of 15-55years were divided into four age groups. Tin...

Background:The ABR procedure has become a powerful non-invasive technique to assess the integrity of the auditory processing system particularly in infants and difcult-to-test subjects. The inability of click stimulus in frequency selectivity the tone burst makes it possible to obtain relatively narrow frequency range responses, particularly at lo...

Introduction Osteoporosis and osteopenia are progressive disorders characterized by decreased bone mass, especially in postmenopausal women. These can be associated with body pain, fractures, hearing loss and balance disorders. The present study aims to evaluate audio-vestibular function in postmenopausal patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis....

Background: The ABR procedure has become a powerful non-invasive technique to assess the integrity of the auditory processing system particularly in infants and difficult-to-test subjects. The inability of click stimulus in frequency selectivity the tone burst makes it possible to obtain relatively narrow frequency range responses, particularly at...

Background: Speech range profile (SRP) is defined as the graphical plot of an individual's frequency-intensity interactions occurring during connected speech production. As speech stimuli are better method to assess the functional limit of voice SRP has advantage over voice range profile (VRP) in terms of application, easiness to administer the tes...

Introduction College students use their voices at excessively loud intensities and long durations during college fests. The accumulative effect of vocally abusive behaviors in the presence of high ambient noise, poor vocal hygiene, and other environmental factors contribute significantly towards reducing vocal effectiveness in college students. Ob...

better.AbstractBackground: Unilateral vocal cord paralysis is common. Most of time unilateral vocal cord palsy is idiopathic. Other causes include malignancy, secondary to neck or recurrent laryngeal nerve trauma, intubation or secondary to surgery how-ever, taxens induces causes paresis may include larynx. Case Report: We report a patient who had...

Background Government of India is committed to eliminate measles and control rubella/congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) by 2020. In 2016, CRS surveillance was established in five sentinel sites. We analyzed surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of CRS in India. Methodology/Principal findings We used case definitions adapted from the WHO-re...

Old age and long sound deprivation are often considered as negative factors in the selection of candidacy for cochlear implantation. We hereby report a case that was implanted at the age of 61 years with a sound deprivation period of 22 years. The initial postimplantation period was too tormenting for the case as she persistently reported the prese...

FAPCI is a parent/caregiver reporting questionnaire, which evaluates the communication performance of pre-school children with cochlear implants in the age range of 2–5 years, using behavioral examples of children’s daily activities. Tools for the objective and effective measurement of communication for cochlear implanted Indian children in Hindi l...

Original Article

Parents of implanted children develop a set of expectations prior to implantation about future performance and outcomes of their child. This set of expectations has an important impact on post-implant satisfaction levels. The position of the parent in the household makes them uniquely placed to assess the impact of implantation in the context withi...

Introduction: The purpose of conducting research was to investigate the efficacy of the misoprost as a treatment modality for tinnitus. Methodology: A sample of 130 subjects with hearing loss and tinnitus were randomly segregated into control (N=70) and misoprost group (N=60). Misoprost group were administered a dosage of 200 µg per day of misopros...

Rubella infection during pregnancy can result in miscarriage, fetal death, stillbirth, or a constellation of congenital malformations known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The 11 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Region are committed to the elimination of measles and control of rubella and CRS by 2020. Until 201...

Objectives: This research was conducted to investigate the presenting features of tinnitus in subjects with normal hearing thresholds as compared to the ones with hearing loss. Methodology: Sample population comprised of 175 subjects with tinnitus, in the age range of 18 to 55 years, segregated into two groups: G1 (75 subjects) having normal hea...

Voice disorders have been estimated to be present in between 3 and 9% of general population. Sports children have vocal abusive behavior i.e. the extra effort which they put on their voice while playing, leading to voice disorders. It is imperative to find out the voice characteristics of children involved in sports activity. To assess voice charac...

Introduction: Unilateral vocal cord paralysis is common than bilateral palsy and is mostly idiopathic in origin. Other causes may include malignancy, secondary to neck or recurrent laryngeal nerve trauma, intubation or secondary to surgery however, taxanes induces paresis which can lead to paralysis following paresis of larynx. Case summary: A fema...

Abstract Introduction: Chronic subjective tinnitus is associated with cognitive disruptions affecting perception, thinking, language, reasoning, problem solving, memory, visual tasks (reading) and attention. Objective: To evaluate existence of any association between tinnitus parameters and neuropsychological performance to explain cognitive proces...

Introduction: Chronic subjective tinnitus is associated with cognitive disruptions affecting perception, thinking, language, reasoning, problem solving, memory, visual tasks (reading) and attention. Objective: To evaluate existence of any association between tinnitus parameters and neuropsychological performance to explain cognitive processing....

Objectives: Potential health risks are posed by long-term electromagnetic exposure due to mobiles. This study was undertaken to assess changes in the hearing at the level of the inner ear and central auditory pathway due to chronic exposure to the electromagnetic waves from mobile phones using both global system for mobile communication (GSM) and c...

Introduction: Essential vocal tremor (EVT) is vocal tremor occurring in an individual diagnosed with essential tremor and is an action induced tremor that occurs during speech production. It causes fewer communication attempts, difficulty initiating and maintaining phonation, effortful speaking avoidance of social events trouble sustaining relation...

The purpose of tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) is to induce habituation, first of the reaction to the tinnitus signal, and subsequently to habituate the perception of tinnitus itself. Habituation of sound is achieved through sound treatment which involves the use of low-level broadband noise mainly through noise maskers. Noise maskers are costly...

Noise pollution in hospitals is recognized as a serious health hazard. Considering this, the current study aimed to map the noise pollution levels and to explore the self reported non-auditory effects of noise in a tertiary medical institute. The study was conducted in an 1800-bedded tertiary hospital where 27 sites (outdoor, indoor, road side and...

Preterm infants are vulnerable to a range of diseases associated with immaturity of organ system and stress stimuli during their stay in NICU. The music have a positive effect on their physiological measurements. Main objective of this study was to assess the effect of music therapy on the physiological parameters (BP, HR and SpO2) of preterm babie...

Objective To study the outcome analysis in cochlear implantees in relation to depth of insertion. Methods 30 patients of non-syndromic congenital profound hearing loss in the age range of 2–12 years received cochlear implantation by a posterior tympanotomy round window approach. Depth of insertion was calculated using post-operative X-rays (modifi...

The study was conducted to evaluate the audiological and electrophysiological findings in patients with Vitiligo and to compare the findings with otologically and audiologically normal controls. Study group included 50 subjects (25 Males, 25 Females) with Vitiligo (Mean age-27.4 years) and control group contained 40 age-matched normal hearing subje...

Old age and long sound deprivation are often considered as negative factors in selection of candidacy for cochlear implantation. We hereby report a case that was implanted at the age of 61 years with a sound deprivation period of 22 years. The initial post implantation period was too tormenting for the case as she persistently reported presence of...

AUDIOLOGICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN VITILIGO

There is a consensus about the occurrence of otitis media in children with cleft palate before repair. However, controversy continues regarding the recovery of Eustachian tube function and level of hearing loss in the patients after cleft palate repair. Levator sling palatoplasty is an important component of the cleft repair. Most surgeons would ro...

Hearing loss has been reported as a complication following cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Preoperative hearing testing is not commonly done in these procedures, so preoperative and postoperative hearing loss, if any, may occur unnoticed. 30 subjects in the age range of 50–70 with a mean age of 60.16 years with myocardial infarctio...

Purpose. Subjective tinnitus has different forms and degrees of severity. Many studies in the literature have assessed psychoacoustic characteristics of tinnitus but hardly any of them had focused on the association of audiological profile with onset duration and loudness perception. The aim of this study was to evaluate existence of any associatio...

We are reporting here a rare case of Parkinsonism (Hypokinetic dysarthria) caused after a bee stung, a member of the hymenoptera order. The main aim of this report is to orient the clinicians with the possibility of extrapyramidal syndromes because of hymenoptera stings.

The objective of the present study was to determine the status of extended high frequencies in subjects with secretory otitis media. The study evaluated 30 ears of 20 subjects with secretory otitis media in the age group of 15-30 years. This data was compared with 20 ears of 10 volunteers of the same age group with clinically normal hearing. Pure t...

Tinnitus is a disturbing symptom and is often the main reason for otology referral. It is usually associated with hearing loss of varying aetiology, and is thought to begin in the cochlea, with later abnormal central activity. We hypothesise that tinnitus without hearing loss may be caused by central and subcortical abnormalities and altered outer...

Genuine concerns are being raised as to the potential health risks posed by electromagnetic frequency exposure secondary to mobile phone usage. This study was undertaken to assess and compare potential changes in hearing function at the level of the inner ear and central auditory pathway due to chronic exposure to electromagnetic waves from both gl...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: the role of cortical mastoidectomy in the surgical treatment of tubotympanic type of otitis media has remained controversial especially when there is no evidence of active infection. Though literature is replete with studies for and against the requirement of mastoidectomy, there is a paucity of prospective stud...

Rate of an individual's speech may a ffect coordination of respiration and phonation, muscular tension in the vocal tract , and intelligibilit y. The value of assessing rate of speech is that it allows o ne to evaluate its effects on the client's communicative abilities. The aim of the present study was to find out of the rate of speech of native P...

The aim of this study was to delineate the language difficulties in Kabuki Syndrome. At presentation, the child with Kabuki Syndrome had waddling gait, dolicocephaly, and frontal bossing. On administering an Indian standardized test (Linguistic Profile Test), different aspects of spontaneous language production were analysed. Receptive language ski...

To find out the relationship between severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and extent of auditory dysfunction. Most of the studies have taken the subjects with TBI as one group without taking into account the extent of head injury viz. mild, moderate and severe. Combining all the three groups has resulted in presenting an incomplete picture of a...

There is general concern regarding the possible hazardous health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation emitted from mobile phones. This study aimed to assess the effects of chronic exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted from Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) mobile phones on auditory functions. A retrospectiv...

Hearing impairment can be one of the more subtle deficits seen after closed head injury (CHI), and it may not be diagnosed until late in the recovery phase if at all. Most studies have assessed patients immediately after CHI. Repeated assessments at regular intervals were not performed in the majority of studies done to assess whether any initial h...

INTRODUCTION: Migraine is a painful neurological condition and the pathogenesis of migraine is not completely understood. Some researchers are of opinion that cortex may be involved whereas others hold the brainstem responsible. AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the brainstem auditory evoked potentials in patients with migraine. MET...

The aim of this study was to delineate the language difficulties in Kabuki Syndrome. At presentation, the child with Kabuki Syndrome had waddling gait, dolicocephaly, and frontal bossing. On administering an Indian standardized test (Linguistic Profile Test), different aspects of spontaneous language production were analysed. Receptive language ski...