Sanjay Jain

George Washington University | GW · Department of Decision Sciences

Large manufacturers have been using simulation to support decision-making for design and production. However, with the advancement of technologies and the emergence of big data, simulation can be utilised to perform and support data analytics for associated performance gains. This requires not only significant model development expertise, but also...

This paper proposes a classification scheme for performance metrics for smart manufacturing systems. The discussion focuses on three such metrics: agility, asset utilization, and sustainability. For each of these metrics, we discuss classification themes, which we then use to develop a generalized classification scheme. In addition to the themes, w...

Manufacturers in the western world need to exploit and perfect all their strengths to reduce the flight of manufacturing to global outsourcing destinations. Use of automated manufacturing systems (AMSs) is one such strength that needs to be improved to perfection. One area for improvement is the management of uncertainties on the production floor....

Development of an effective data analytics application for manufacturing requires testing with large sets of data. It is usually difficult for application developers to find access to real manufacturing data streams for testing new data analytics applications. Virtual factories can be developed to generate the data for selected measures in formats...

This chapter discusses modeling and simulation (M&S) as a significant means for providing analytical support for homeland security problem solving and decision making that involves what can be considered a complex and dynamic system of systems—the current, human, domestic environment considered from a national perspective. Homeland security, in gen...

Manufacturing organizations are able to accumulate large amounts of plant floor production and environmental data due to advances in data collection, communications technology, and use of standards. The challenge has shifted from collecting a sufficient amount of data to analyzing and making decisions based on the huge amount of data available. Dat...

This paper proposes options based sales contracts for manufacturing enterprises to handle fluctuating demands. It presents a stochastic programming model for aggregate production planning with demands of different types such as uncertain forecasts, forward contracts and real options. Both call options by the buyers and put options by the enterprise...

Supply chain design and operational decisions may impact the energy needed to keep the products flowing through to the customers. It is a challenge to determine the energy consumption and even more challenging to understand the impact of design and operational decisions on the energy consumption along the supply chain. This paper presents a hierarc...

Consumers are increasingly becoming conscious of the need to reduce environmental impact. This has motivated the industry to make efforts to improve the sustainability of their products and supply chains. Such efforts require the ability to analyze the sustainability of supply chains and potential improvements. A systematic approach is needed to ev...

This paper proposes a model based continuous improvement methodology to support efforts to achieve sustainable manufacturing, i.e., to increase efficiency and reduce environmental impact of manufacturing systems. Past efforts have provided guidance at a high level or with a focus on products. This paper focuses on supporting efforts for manufacturi...

This paper proposes a model based continuous improvement methodology to support efforts to achieve sustainable manufacturing, i.e., to increase efficiency and reduce environmental impact of manufacturing systems. Past efforts have provided guidance at a high level or with a focus on products. This paper focuses on supporting efforts for manufacturi...

Supply chain design and operational decisions may impact the carbon footprint of the products flowing through. It is a challenge to determine the carbon footprint and even more challenging to understand the impact of design and operational decisions on the footprint. This paper presents a hierarchical simulation-based approach for estimating the ca...

Modeling and simulation (M&S) capabilities support reasoning in many domains and can provide powerful tools for homeland security analytical needs. These capabilities are particularly valuable in exploring systems that are inaccessible for direct observation and study or that involve significant complexity. Uncertainty and risk play a significant p...

This paper proposes a system for emergency response project management based on a parametric approach. Such a system will allow quick adaptation of pre–generated project plans for responding to an emergency. The system should include procedures for adjusting the pre–prepared plan based on the type and magnitude of the emergency. The effort for deve...

The recycling infrastructure for end-of-use vehicles in the United States is driven by profitability due to the absence of regulations. Typically, the recycling consists of removing reusable components for resale and shredding and separating remaining material for material recovery. Profitability depends on the quantity and type of components and m...

Manufacturing decision makers have to deal with a large number of reports and metrics for evaluating the performance of manufacturing systems. Since the metrics provide different and at times conflicting assessments, it is hard for the manufacturing decision makers to track and improve overall manufacturing system performance. This research present...

The U. S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Engineering Laboratory (EL) jointly hosted a Homeland Security Modeling & Simulation (M&S) Workshop on 14 & 15 June, 2011 at NIST in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The intent of the workshop was to bring together...

This paper proposes a multi-resolution framework for application of system dynamics modeling to sustainable manufacturing. Sustainable manufacturing involves interaction of four complex systems namely manufacturing, environmental, financial, and social domains. The proposed framework integrates model components corresponding to the four major domai...

Modeling and simulation (M&S) tools and capabilities can enable understanding of the complex nature of systems in various homeland security domains. A coordinated effort across government, industry, and academia would advance capabilities in this important area. Initiating such an effort requires establishing a common understanding or framework tha...

A large body of literature exists on algorithms and approaches for model-based production scheduling; however, very few of these developments have made it to the production shop floor. One of the major obstacles for implementation of model-based scheduling is the lack of required infrastructure. Very limited literature exists on the required infras...

This paper recommends practices for development and deployment of modeling, simulation, and analysis (MS&A) tools for homeland security applications. The proposed set of recommended practices applicable to any MS&A application includes: software engineering practice/ software reliability, modeling practice, model confidence/ verification, validatio...

Building a simulation model for any large complex system requires high expertise and effort. These requirements can be reduced through building generic simulation capability that includes artifacts for facilitating the development of the simulation model. The artifacts can have a range of capabilities depending on the design goals for the simula- t...

The need for interoperability of information systems among supply chain partners has been recognized. A number of standards have been or are being developed to ensure interoperability of applications used along the supply chain. An associated need for interoperability testing has emerged. There is a need to evaluate compliance of applications to st...

The nation's emergency responders need to work in a coordinated, well-planned manner to best mitigate the impact of an emergency incident. They need to be trained and ready to act in view of the increased security threat. The training has been traditionally provided using live eXercises at great eXpense. Simulation and gaming systems could provide...

The effective use of modeling, simulation, and analysis (MSA) applications could greatly enhance our nation's ability to achieve homeland security goals. The development of MSA applications has been conducted largely on an ad hoc and piecemeal basis. There is very little, if any, coordination of MSA development activities across government agencies...

The effective use of modeling, simulation, and analysis (MSA) applications could greatly enhance our ability to carry out the homeland security mission. These applications can be used to evaluate vulnerabilities in the nation's critical infrastructure as well as engineer security systems to respond to those vulnerabilities. They can also be used to...

Studies have documented the high cost of the lack of software interoperability on manufacturing. New interface standards are being developed by various organizations to address interoperability issues. Unfortunately these standards often overlap and conflict with each other. Adequate testing facilities are not available for evaluating the suitabili...

Simulation and gaming can support decision making through all phases of incident management including pre- vention, preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation. A number of gaming and simulation tools have been de- veloped for the purpose but they generally utilize proprie- tary or unique data interfaces and their own view of parti- tioning the...

Manufacturing systems are often costly to develop and operate. Simulation technology has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for improving the efficiency of manufacturing system design, operation, and maintenance. But manufacturing simulations are usually developed to address a narrow set of industrial issues, e.g., the purchase of new equipm...

The nation's incident management personnel and emergency responders need to work in a coordinated, well-planned manner to best mitigate the impact of natural and man-made disasters. They need to be trained and be ready to act in view of increased security threats. Training has been traditionally provided using live exercises at a great expense. Sim...

Simulation and gaming can support decision making through all phases of incident management including prevention, preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. A number of gaming and simulation tools have been developed for the purpose but they generally utilize proprietary or unique data interfaces and their own view of partitioning the applic...

This paper describes a prototype that has been developed to demonstrate the concept of integrated gaming and simu- lation for incident management. An architecture for the purpose was developed and presented at the last confer- ence. A hypothetical emergency incident scenario has been developed for demonstrating the applicability of inte- grated sim...

A number of modeling and simulation tools have been developed and more are being developed for incident management applications. Each of these tools has focused on a specific aspect of the selected problem, for example, the simulation of plume dispersion. A set of tools that can help develop and evaluate coordination among plans for multiple aspect...

The simulation-based training systems that are available or under development today for incident management are typically focused on macro level sequence of events. A few systems targeted at individual responders are under development using a gaming environment. Separate uses of such systems provide disparate experiences to decision makers and indi...

Modelling and simulation can be used for a wide range of supply chain management applications, but the models usually have to be custom developed with large effort. There is a need for an organised framework that can facilitate model development through identification of standard applications, the right level of abstraction, and associated requirem...

Manufacturing systems are often costly to develop and operate. Simulation technology has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for improving the efficiency of manufacturing system design, operation, and maintenance. But manufacturing simulations are usually developed to address a narrow set of industrial issues, e.g., the purchase of new equipm...

Supply chain management involves understanding complex interactions between many factors and using the understanding to achieve balance between conflicting objectives. Simulation is a very useful technique to evaluate the impact of changes in factors such as inventory control and business process parameters. This paper describes a simulation based...

Simulation provides the capability to evaluate performance of a system operating under current or proposed configurations, policies and procedures. It is very applicable to evaluation of strategic and operational level plans for supply chains. It is especially useful for exploring the viability of a supply chain before beginning production. This pa...

The performance of a supply chain may be improved by implementing e-business concepts across the number of business processes that interact to execute the flow of material and the associated financial transactions. This paper describes an effort utilising modelling and simulation for evaluating the improvements in business processes and systems inc...

This paper describes requirements for an integrated supply chain system simulator with the focus on production activities with in the system. This paper includes the following contents: (1) Identification of supply chain planning problems over various operational strategies, (2) Operational strategy for supply chain management, and (3) Requirements...

A number of modeling and simulation tools have been developed and more are being developed for emergency response applications. The available simulation tools are mostly meant for standalone use. Addressing an emergency incident requires addressing multiple interdependent aspects of the situation. The simulation tools addressing different aspects o...

A number of modeling and simulation tools have been developed and more are being developed for emergency response applications. The available simulation tools are meant mostly for standalone use. Addressing an emergency incident requires addressing multiple interdependent aspects of the situation. The simulation tools addressing different aspects o...

It has become a matter of survival that many companies improve their supply chain efficiency. This presents an opportunity for simulation. However, there are many challenges that must be overcome for simulation to be a contributor to play an effective role. Four contributors discuss the opportunities that they see for simulation to play a meaningfu...

Factory operations have been modeled for years to understand the relationship between the different design and policy factors and the performance measures of interest. The increasing awareness of the need to manage factories as a link in the supply chain places a corresponding requirement for an enhanced approach for factory modeling. This paper de...

Finite capacity scheduling software packages provide a detailed advance plan of production events. However, the execution of this advance plan is disrupted by a myriad of unanticipated interruptions, such as machine breakdowns, yield variations, and hot jobs. The alternatives available to respond to such interruptions include modifying the existing...

It has become a matter of survival that many companies improve their supply chain efficiency. This presents an opportunity for simulation. However, there are many challenges that must be overcome for simulation to be a contributor to play an effective role. Four contributors discuss the opportunities that they see for simulation to play a meaningfu...

This paper describes an effort that involved development of a simulation model for evaluating the business processes and inventory control parameters of a logistics and distribution supply chain. A generic simulation tool, rather than a supply chain simulator, was developed for meeting customized needs of the effort. The paper describes, the approa...

This paper describes an effort that involved development of a simulation model for evaluating the business processes and inventory control parameters of a logistics and distribution supply chain. A generic simulation tool, rather than a supply chain simulator, was developed for meeting customized needs of the effort. The paper describes the approac...

This paper presents a case study of using simulation for analyzing the impact of proposed changes in the supply chain processes for a large logistics operation. The major changes explored include business process changes, and use of new supply chain software. The results of the analysis indicate that the changes in forecast accuracy provide much la...

Bottleneck based scheduling approach suggests planning the release of lots based on the capacity of the bottleneck machines in the manufacturing process. Many scheduling systems determine the start of the first operation of the lot based on backward scheduling from its operation on the bottleneck machine. An approach was developed for determining t...

This paper describes our work on the study of how parallel discrete-event simulation techniques can be applied in a supply-chain simulation. A supply-chain simulation model consists of multiple virtual factory models. Each virtual factory model executes integrated simulation of the manufacturing and business processes and communications network to...

The effective practice of supply chain management (SCM) is crucial to improve corporations' competitive advantage. Many corporations have built simulation models to facilitate the application of simulation in designing, evaluating, and optimizing their supply chain. Traditionally, a supply chain involves only a single enterprise with multiple facil...

Most features in commercial simulation packages are often omitted in parallel simulation benchmarks, because they neither affect the overall correctness of the simulation protocol nor the benchmark's performance. In our work on parallel simulation of a wafer fabrication plant, we however find several features which complicate the implementation of...

Modeling and analysis play an important role in the successful development and implementation of manufacturing systems. This role is critical for the realization of agile manufacturing systems. The vast range of modeling and analysis tools need to be systematically applied through the manufacturing system development for best results. This paper de...

Expert systems can be applied in automated facilities, where they quickly become part of the overall manufacturing system. But can such an advanced concept be successful in a traditional work environment? They are finding out at General Motors right now.

The state-of-the-art in manufacturing has moved toward flexibility, automation and integration. The efforts spent on bringing computer-integrated manufacturing 1990 to plant floors have been motivated by the overall thrust to increase the speed of new products to market. One of the links in CIM is plant floor scheduling, which is concerned with eff...

The state-of-the-art in manufacturing has moved toward flexibility, automation and integration. The efforts spent on bringing computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) to plant floors have been motivated by the overall thrust to increase the speed of new products to market. One of the links in CIM is plant floor scheduling, which is concerned with ef...

This paper proposes a framework for application of system dynamics modeling to sustainable manufacturing. Sustainable manufacturing involves interaction of multiple complex systems including those in manufacturing, environmental, financial, and social domains. A concerted effort involving a number of researchers may be required to develop the requi...

A number of modeling and simulation applications exist for studying individual aspects of emergency response scenarios. The value of these applications can be significantly increased if they can be used in an integrated manner to study all aspects of a scenario. This paper presents an architecture for integration and distributed execution of such a...

ABSTRACT A number of modeling and simulation tools have been,developed and more are being developed for emergency response applications. The available simulation tools are meant mostly for standalone use. ,Addressing an emergency incidentrequ ires addressingm ultiple interdependent aspects of the situation. The simulation tools addressing different...