Sangho Choo

Hongik University · Department of Urban Design & Planning

Carbon emission reduction strategies are being implemented in the transportation sector by encouraging the adoption of eco-friendly vehicles and introducing demand management policies such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS). Nevertheless, the efficacy of MaaS in reducing carbon emissions remains uncertain. This study introduces Sustainable Public Tran...

In response to the phenomenon of global warming, the transportation sector aims to mitigate carbon emissions by promoting the use of public transportation. This study employs social network analysis to propose effective improvements to the public transportation system, focusing on bus stop locations and route networks in Hwaseong City, South Korea....

Shared e-scooters are provided as a free-floating service that can be freely rented and returned within the service area. Although this has a positive effect in terms of convenience for users of shared e-scooters, it is creating new urban problems, such as undermining the aesthetics of the city and obstructing the passage of pedestrians. Therefore,...

The use of micromobility (MM), a form of sustainable urban mobility which has expected effects such as reducing traffic congestion and greenhouse gases, has been rapidly increasing across the world. However, this growth has resulted in a considerable number of MM-related accidents. Most previous studies have explored MM user injuries to improve the...

Based on the theory of planned behavior, this study identifies the causal relationship between attitudinal factors and intention to use transportation mode. A structural equation model was developed based on twelve hypotheses. The main findings and implications of this study are as follows. First, people who want to express themselves through cars...

This study analyzes structural relationships between information and communication technology (ICT), e-shopping, local accessibility, and travel intensity in the U.S. state of Georgia. Beginning with the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), we enriched the data by exploiting the add-on program. After obtaining contact information for the G...

With the abundance of public transportation in highly urbanized areas, it is common for passengers to make inefficient or flawed transport decisions due to a lack of information. The exact arrival time of a bus is an example of such information that can aid passengers in making better decisions. The purpose of this study is to provide a method for...

This study aims to identify the causal relationship between travel and activity times using the dataset collected from the 2019 Time Use Survey in Korea. As a statistical solution, a structural equation model (SEM) was developed. A total number of 31,177 and 20,817 cases were used in estimating the weekday and weekend models, respectively. Three ty...

Due to increases in truck traffic, truck traffic safety has become an unavoidable societal issue in Korea. Truck traffic accidents were responsible for 24% of all traffic deaths in 2019, and the fatality rate was significantly higher than that of other forms of traffic. This study analyzes not only the driver and environmental factors, but also the...

The shared e-scooter is a popular and user-convenient mode of transportation, owing to the free-floating manner of its service. The free-floating service has the advantage of offering pick-up and drop-off anywhere, but has the disadvantage of being unavailable at the desired time and place because it is spread across the service area. To improve th...

Mobility as a Service (MaaS), which integrates public and shared transportation into a single service, is drawing attention as a travel demand management strategy aimed at reducing automobile dependency and encouraging public transit. In particular, there have been few studies that recognize traffic congestion during peak hours and identify related...

As a result of the rapid growth of international trade, atmospheric pollution from transportation has been more topical than ever, especially in dense hub port-cities. The shipping industry should pay more attention corresponding to its contribution to local atmospheric pollution. This paper supports the application of data collected from the vesse...

Nowadays, maritime air pollution is regarded as a severe threat to coastal communities’ health. Therefore, many policies to reduce air pollution have been established worldwide. Moreover, there has been a shift in policy and research attention from greenhouse gases, especially CO2, to other air pollutants. To address the current local environmental...

The relationship between transportation and communications has been discussed throughout the past decades. This study also investigates that relationship to determine whether they are complementary or substitutive in terms of the industrial perspective, focusing mainly on six Asian countries (China, Japan, India, Korea, Indonesia, and Taiwan). Nati...

The distribution of unmanned parcel lockers is projected to proliferate nationwide significantly as it is promoted by the government for its potential to increase public safety and convenience. This study presents a decision making system that sequentially integrates the processes of finding potential locations, determining the number of locations,...

Although the influence of compact development on travel behavior has been extensively studied over the past decades, additional empirical evidence is needed to better understand that effect. This study explores the influences of the built environment (BE) on zone-based travel patterns using the 2010 Household Travel Survey data in Korea, . We apply...

One of the preliminary requirements for freight transportation modeling is to understand the factors that affect the freight volume. In this study, we attempt to investigate the relationship between various factors and freight volumes using a structural equation model. From a review of the existing literature, we formulate our research hypotheses a...

The success of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) significantly depends on the capacity of pedestrians to navigate and access the range of land uses in close proximity to transit stations. In this context, creating pedestrian-friendly environments around transit stations is considered to be the core of TOD strategies. The concept of a “station catc...

This study identified the factors that affect travel time budget by mode for traveler in Seoul using the SUR model. Individual, household and TAZ characteristics were selected as the explanatory variables. Transportation modes are summarized from 18 types to 6 types(walking, personal car, bus, subway, rail and bicycle). The results showed a distinc...

This paper is to analyze characteristics of transfer trips and to identify impacts of land use on them. Using the smart transport card data of Seoul on a weekday in April 2013, we explored general characteristics of the transfer trips such as spatial and temporal distributions, transfer types, and geographical patterns of transfer trips. Then, the...

Pedestrian performance measurement has generally used the average values of pedestrian volumes and speeds from a sample, although each individual`s pedestrian behavior of the sample is mainly affected by his/her socio-economic and physical characteristics. In particular, if such individual characteristics of the sample have wide variations, the ave...

The ageing population is accelerating around the world. There exists the increasing need for transportation policies and strategies focusing on the mobility of the elderly. This paper analyzed mobility characteristics of the elderly using the 2010 Household Travel Survey data in Seoul Metropolitan Area. In particular, ordered probit models for trip...

This study identified the factors which affect pedestrian behavior using the tobit model with a descriptive analysis. Individual characteristics, household characteristics, zone characteristics were selected as the independent variables. Walking frequency and walking time was adopted for the variables which represent walking behavior. The results s...

Maritime freight shipping has increased significantly and air pollution from international ships has grown accordingly, having serious environmental effects all over the world. This paper analyzes the effects of the emission cost on ocean route choices, focusing on international container ships. First, the paper formulates a freight network model t...

A considerable amount of literature has been published on pedestrian LOS. So far, however, there is a limitation that LOS analysis methodologies has concentrated on quantitative variables such as pedestrian flow rate, speed and space. This paper intended to suggest the accessibility variable which can not be considered on previous study. The factor...

Although telecommuting has become a popular option as a new mode of working, no theoretical or empirical consensus has been reached on its potential for substituting or generating travel. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a household head's telecommuting on household travel while controlling for the interdependence within a household and ac...

Nowadays the issue of aging society has received considerable critical attention, especially in transportation planning and demand forecasting. This study identified the factors related to travel time budget for elderly by purpose using seemingly unrelated regression model (SUR model). The SUR model is suitable when error terms of each equation are...

The paper presents a bi-level modeling approach for capturing hierarchical relationships among major carriers and finding carrier decision-making processes in maritime freight networks. Carriers are transportation service providers and generally include OC (Ocean Carrier), LC (Land Carrier) and PTO (Port Terminal Operator). They make pricing and ro...

This study explores passengers` travel characteristics at six bus stops on the Seoul Ring Expressway using smart traffic card data. Based on the characteristics, political strategies to improve bus facilities on expressway are suggested. Firstly, among them two bus stops of Guri and Uiwang-Cheonggye have higher transfer rate of passengers, 37.56% a...

Pedestrians not only walk along pedestrian pathways, but also choose unusual routes such as passing through buildings or crossing large scale open spaces. This study defines these unusual paths as social path, and includes them into one of the pedestrian road categories. Previous pedestrian accessibility and route choice studies could not evaluate...

The paper analyzes factors to affect pedestrian volumes by land-use type using 2012 Seoul Pedestrian Survey. First of all, five groups were classified based on land-use types around survey points such as residential, commercial, industrial and green uses, using k-average cluster analysis. Then, differences in average pedestrian volumes by group wer...

Pedestrians not only walk along roads, but also pass through buildings or across open spaces. This study defines these unusual walk routes as social path. Social path is an informal pedestrian route that is not considered in a pedestrian network, even though it should be regarded as pedestrian route considering the fact that many people actually us...

This study analyzes the influence factors on elderly pedestrian accident. Elderly people are easy to be badly injured by car accidents compared to younger people. Therefore, various plans and measures are required to protect elderly pedestrian from accidents. However, pedestrian accidents studies only focused on microscopic factors such as attribut...

To date, aging is one of the most important issues in our society because of its significant socio-economic impacts. Corresponding concerns about the transportation needs of the elderly have led to a focus on the mobility and quality of life of the elderly and motivated various studies of senior mobility. As the fastest aging country in the world,...

This paper analyzes and compares the pedestrian characteristics of 5 urban communities with 2012 Seoul floating population survey data. First of all, differences in total pedestrian volumes and time distribution of the volumes are compared across the 5 urban communities and the effects of pedestrian road properties are investigated. Then, we conduc...

This paper presents a case study examining delivery service preference of electronic commerce products. With the increasing of electronic commerce and home shopping market, parcel delivery service market has been growing annually by more than 10% in Korea. However, the quality of delivery service and profitability are gradually decreased due to the...

This paper presents a multi-level modeling approach which captures the cooperative behavior of carriers in maritime freight transportation networks. Ocean carriers, land carriers and port terminal operators are considered. Port terminal operators are regarded as a special type of carrier for modeling purposes. Ocean carriers are the leaders in a ma...

The proliferation of Internet shopping has imposed enormous pressure on traditional stores. Few studies have examined the geographic distribution of online buyers and its implications on retail development and transportation. Using 585 Internet users in the Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota, metropolitan area, this study develops structural equ...

The paper presents a bi-level modeling approach that captures hierarchical relationships between shippers and carriers in maritime freight transportation networks. Ocean carriers, land carriers and port terminal operators provide transportation services at different parts of the multimodal network. Port terminal operators are regarded as a special...

The paper presents a multi-level hierarchical approach which models the oligopolistic behavior of carriers in maritime freight transportation networks. With the merger of the carriers’ industry and some dominant carriers in today’s shipping markets, carrier competition frequently exhibits an oligopolistic nature. This study considers the following...

This paper explores air passengers' behavior of airport access mode choice and develops airport access mode choice models for two major domestic airports in Korea, Gimpo Airport and Daegu Airport. First, descriptive analyses are conducted to identify whether the key explanatory variables such as trip purpose, travel time, and travel cost are statis...

Many companies spend significant amounts of money and time on reverse logistics which mainly deal with transporting and handling returned products. Therefore, efficient management of return products is an urgent and interesting issue facing the companies. This paper presents a facility location problem of the integrated logistics network aiming to...

Time headway distribution modeling is fundamental to many aspects of traffic flow studies such as capacity estimation, safety analysis, and microscopic simulation. Existing time headway distribution models have focused on the behavior of general vehicles. We examine the distribution of sampled vehicle headway (e.g., probes) on both single and multi...

Many travel demand management policies are not effective in addressing traffic congestion. Policy makers assume people would actively respond to the policies that minimize social costs, but people might behave in a way to minimize their own costs — the costminimization hypothesis. The hypothesis implies that people tend to adopt lower-cost travel-r...

The paper presents a novel multi-level hierarchical approach which models the oligopolistic and competitive behavior of carriers and their relationships in maritime freight transportation networks. With the merger of the carriers' industry and some dominant carriers in a shipping market, the carrier competition frequently exhibits an oligopolistic...

Recent development and penetrating expansion in ICT(Information and Communication Technology) has brought considerable improvements in transportation services. However, there is a controversial debate whether transportation and communications behave as substitutes or as complements to one another. On this subject, recent studies considered those tw...

This study explores key factors affecting individuals’ consideration of eight travel-related strategy bundles (auto improvement, mobile phone, work-schedule changes, hire someone to do house or yard work, mode change, home-based work, residential/ employment relocation, and alter employment status). The data for this study were collected from a fou...

Trip demands and patterns on weekends have been changed significantly over the past decade due to the income growth and the spread of the 5-day workweek in Korea. The increased weekend trips for shopping, leisure activities, entertainment and friendship have exacerbated traffic congestion in major highways or principal arterial roads from Friday af...

The objective of this study is to compare and analyze rail stations with non-outsourced rail stations in the ticket sales relating to customer satisfaction in Korea Railroad. For this purpose, first of all, the total satisfaction is compared among stations in Youngdeungpo area in Seoul. Second, to examine the difference between the outsourced stati...

This study focused on developing strategies of cyber-compact city, combining compact city with information and communications technologies(ICTs), in order to enhance sustainable transportation. The cyber-compact city development is defined as a development that is able to reduce travel by ICTs and encourage people to use transit or non-motorized ve...

This paper offers a conceptual and partly empirical decomposition of the trends in U.S. consumer expenditures on five communications and nine transportation subcategories between 1984 and 2002. We find that inflation nearly always increases unit prices. Income effects are positive for all categories, meaning that these are all normal goods, not inf...

The purpose of this study is to explore relationships between actual amount of information and communications technology (ICT) use and travel by developing trip generation models. The data for this study come from an ICT use and activity diary survey of 269 households of Seoul Metropolitan Area in 2006. We first conducted pair-wise correlation test...

This study explores the relationships between adoption and consideration of three travel-related strategy bundles (travel maintaining/increasing, travel reducing, and major location/lifestyle change), linking them to a variety of explanatory variables. The data for this study are the responses to a fourteen-page survey returned by nearly 1,300 comm...

The traditional trip-based modeling approach has assumed that a trip is generated for a purpose. However, the approach has not considered trips as a set of connected trips nor has it considered trip chaining. The purpose of this study is to identify general characteristics of trip chaining, and to explore relationships between trip purposes and tri...

With aggregate data from the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey for 19 years, 1984 through 2002, this study analyzes relationships between expenditures on transportation and communications. Several classification schemes for expenditure categories were used, from the most aggregate [two categories (transportation and communications)] to the most disa...

This study analyzes aggregate consumer expenditure data from the US between 1984 and 2002, to determine relationships between expenditures on transportation and communications. We first identified 15 categories of goods – nine for transportation, five for communications, and one for all others – and obtained prices for each category across time. Th...

The California State Bureau of Automotive Repair uses a high-emitter profile model to direct, or screen a fraction of the vehicle fleet in for inspection and maintenance testing at test-only facilities. Reviews by the California Inspection/Maintenance Review Committee showed the high-emitter profile to be inefficient and in need of improvement. In...

Disaggregate studies of the impacts of telecommunications applications (e.g. telecommuting) on travel have generally found a net substitution effect. However, such studies have all been short-term and small-scale, and there is reason to believe that when more indirect and longer-term effects are accounted for, complementarity is the likely outcome....

The relationship between telecommunications and travel has been a fertile area of research for several decades. Early speculation (e.g., Owen, 1962) focused on the potential of telecommunications to replace travel. That hope eventually led to the establishment of several telecommuting programs, and empirical evaluations of those programs (e.g., Ham...

Using telecommuting as a case study, we demonstrate that definitions, measurement instruments, sampling and sometimes vested interests affect the quality and utility even of seemingly objective and “measurable” data. Little consensus exists with respect to the definition of telecommuting, or to possible distinctions from related terms such as telew...

This study examines the impact of telecommuting on passenger vehicle- miles traveled (VMT) through a multivariate time series analysis of aggregate nationwide data spanning 1966-1999 for all variables except telecommuting, and 1988-1998 for telecommuting. The analysis was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, VMT (1966-1999) was modeled as a...

This study investigates the determinants of peoples desire to increase or decrease the amount of travel they do. We use data from 1,357 working commuters, residents of three different neighborhoods in the San Francisco Bay Area, California. The dependent variables are indicators of Relative Desired Mobility for ten categories of travel (short- and...

This study analyzed the relationships between expenditures on transportation and those on communications, using consumer expenditure data from the U.