Sangah Shin

Chung-Ang University · Department of food and nutrition

Background & Aim Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects the kidney structure and function. This study investigated the effect of the interaction between genetic factors and dietary pattern on kidney dysfunction in Korean adults. Methods Baseline data were obtained from the Ansan and Ansung Study of the Korean Genome...

Purpose Dyslipidemia is a major health issue worldwide. There is growing interest in understanding the potential role of kimchi consumption on serum lipid profiles. However, there are limited epidemiological studies available on this topic. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between kimchi intake and serum lipid profiles. Me...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing, and noodles have a high sodium content, so noodle consumption might be associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the association between total and types of noodle intake and the risk of hypertension among Korean adults. Subjects aged 40–69 ye...

Objectives: This study investigated the potential correlation between 4 plant-based diet indices and the predicted risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Korean men using the Framingham Risk Score. Methods: The study included 12,356 men participants (aged ≥40 years) from the Health Examinees Study. Dietary intake was estimated using a validated...

Objective: Previous animal studies have shown the anti-obesity effect of kimchi-derived probiotic lactic acid bacteria. However, only a few epidemiological studies have investigated the association between kimchi consumption and obesity. Therefore, we aim to assess this relationship in Korean adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The He...

Purpose The 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) serves as a foundation for daily nutrient and energy recommendations aiming to enhance public health and prevent chronic diseases. They act as guidelines for maintaining proper nutrition and overall health. Using KDRIs is crucial for promoting healthier lifestyles and making informed di...

The increasing prevalence of obesity is a serious concern in Korea. However, there is currently no available food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for examining the dietary patterns of adults with obesity. This study aimed to develop a semi-quantitative FFQ tailored to Korean adults with obesity. The dish/food items for the FFQ were extracted from the...

Background: The food system accounts for ∼40% of human-generated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Meanwhile, daily diet selection also impacts human nutrition status and health. Objectives: This study aimed to use the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score to evaluate the quality of a low-GHG emission diet and the association with risk of deve...

Mushroom is rich in protein, fiber, vitamins, and essential amino acids. A relationship between mushroom consumption and a lower all-cause mortality risk has been reported. This study aimed to examine the association of mushroom consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Data were extracted from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Stud...

Scope: Ultra-processing food (UPF) has been a nutrition and health interest. This study is aimed to investigate the association between UPF consumption and the risk of obesity or dyslipidemia. Methods and results: This study is performed using an ongoing cohort study including 17 310 individuals aged ≥40 years in South Korea. UPF is categorized...

Background Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and appropriate intake of amino acids may be helpful for the management of dyslipidemia. However, evidence of an association between amino acid intake and dyslipidemia in Korean adults is limited. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate how the incidence of d...

Scope: Animal protein intake among Koreans has recently increased. However, there is limited evidence on the association of meat and fish/seafood intake and mortality. Methods and results: This study uses three representative prospective cohorts in Korea and 134,586 eligible participants are selected. Food intake is assessed using a food frequen...

Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants that are potentially hazardous to human health. Dietary exposure is recognized as one of the major pathways of exposure to PAHs among humans. While some PAH exposures have been associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the general population, most epidemiological stu...

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence for the association between food groups, dietary patterns, and breast cancer risk among the Asian population. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We performed a systematic l...

Objectives: This study assessed the association of dietary patterns with the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney function decline among Korean adults. Methods: Data were collected from the records of 20,147 men and 39,857 women who participated in the Health Examinees study. Principal component analysis was used to identify 3 di...

Background & aims: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence for the association between food groups, dietary patterns, and breast cancer risk among the Asian population. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelin...

Purpose Several studies have been conducted on the relationship between green tea intake and metabolic syndrome. However, compared to the studies carried out internationally, there is inadequate research on the relationship between domestic green tea consumption and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, in this study, the general characteristics of Korean...

The impact of kimchi intake on weight management has been a topic of interest. We aimed to conduct an epidemiological study to investigate the association between kimchi intake and weight loss. Participants were selected from the Health Examinees cohort study. Kimchi intake was assessed by a 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire,...

Background and aims: Research suggests that meat intake may increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but most studies take place in Western countries, where the types and amount of meat products consumed differ from those in Asian countries. We aimed to identify the association between meat intake and CHD risk in Korean male adults, usin...

Objectives Dietary patterns can holistically provide insights into the association of food groups and nutrients with the disease. Several studies have evaluated the association of dietary patterns with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Western populations. However, few studies focused on this topic were conducted on Korean ad...

Scope: Tomato has well-known beneficial health effects and is an important source of lycopene. We aimed to clarify the evidence for the association between tomato and lycopene consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Korean adults. Methods and results: Data analyzed in the current study were obtained from the Korean Genome and E...

Abstract Hypertriglyceridemia is a well‐known risk factor of various chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine dietary patterns and explore the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertriglyceridemia in the Korean adult population. We utilized a cross...

Background and Aims Studies have revealed a positive relationship between milk consumption and hypertension. However, few researchers have investigated the association between milk consumption and changes in blood pressure in South Korean adults. Therefore, we examined the association between milk intake and the management and risk of hypertension...

Background An increasing prevalence of cognitive disorders warrants comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of diet on cognitive health. Studies have suggested that the Mediterranean (MeDi) diet has protective effects against metabolic diseases. However, comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of the MeDi diet on the cognitive decline...

Background The benefits of fish fatty acid intake for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are rarely reported, although a previous study assessed the relationship between oily fish consumption and the prevalence of NAFLD. Aims We investigated whether oily fish and fish-based monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and omega...

Objectives Antioxidants are common dietary compounds with multiple health benefits. This study aimed to identify the association between dietary antioxidant consumption and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus (defined using the Korean Diabetes Association criteria) in South Korean adults. Design Baseline and follow-up data from the Hea...

Background and aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension are the main causes of global death. We aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on CVD risk among Koreans with elevated blood pressure (BP). Methods and results: Adults aged 20-65 years with elevated BP and without pre-existing...

Abstract This cross‐sectional study investigated the interaction between the genetic risk score (GRS) and abnormal high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol lipid levels, which are modified by low‐carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and their effects on the prevalence of hypo‐HDL‐cholesterolemia (hypo‐HDL‐C) in Korean adults. Baseline data were obtained fro...

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely associated with dietary intake; however, there are few studies on whether the consumption of fruits and vegetables and multivitamin use affect MetS among South Korean populations. This study aimed to examine these effects in South Korean patients with MetS. Methods: This was a cross-sectional stud...

Objectives: The consumption of dairy products has been suggested to help lower the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to assess the association between the consumption of dairy products and T2D events in Korean middle-aged adults. Methods: We followed up 53 288 participants (16 895 men and 36 393 women) in the Health Examinees (HEXA)...

We aimed to investigate the association between cadmium levels and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in Korean post-menopausal women. There was a significant positive association between cadmium levels and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, but further studies for dose response are required. Purpose Cadmium exposure can exert detriment...

Background Accumulating evidence suggests that consuming coffee may lower the risk of death, but evidence regarding tea consumption in Asians is limited. We examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and mortality in Asian populations. Methods We used data from 12 prospective cohort studies including 248 050 men and 280 454 women...

Objectives This study aimed to examine the association between metabolically healthy obesity and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a Korean population. Design A prospective study. Setting This study used data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Participants A total of 140 137 participants were followed up over a...

Ethyl carbamate (EC), a potential human dietary carcinogen, is found in fermented foods including the fermented soybean-based condiments, the major part of the Korean diet. Therefore, it is expected that their EC contents might pose health risks. Herein, we collected 111 condiments and estimated their EC contents via gas chromatography-mass spectro...

Scope To identify the cross-sectional and prospective association between coffee consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among South Korean adults. Methods and results Participants were selected from the Health Examinees study. NAFLD was defined using three non-invasive indexes: fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index, an...

Background There is a dearth of information regarding the association between coffee consumption and its health effects with respect to mortality among Korean people. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the association between coffee consumption and all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality risks in the Korean population. Design...

Coffee is widely consumed worldwide, and numerous studies indicate that coffee consumption may potentially affect the development of chronic diseases. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) may constitute a risk factor for chronic diseases. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the association between coffee consumption and MetS incidence. All participants were se...

Background and Aims There has been conflicting results on the effect of red meat and processed meat intake on the dyslipidemia risk. Moreover, study in Asian population with relatively lower meat intake compared to the Western population is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the association between red and processed meat consumption and the d...

We aimed to investigate gender differences in ischemic heart disease (IHD) according to healthcare utilization and medication adherence among newly treated Korean hypertensive adults. The National Sample Cohort version 2.0 of the National Health Insurance Service was used for analysis. Newly treated hypertensive patients ≥20 years and without IHD i...

The association between anemia and body mass index (BMI) in Koreans, considering kidney function, has not been clarified. Thus, we aimed to examine the association between anemia and BMI among Korean adults aged ≥19 years. This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated male and female Korean adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the 5th, 6t...

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a carcinogen mostly found in fermented foods and alcoholic beverages. In Korea, the consumption, as well as domestic production and import of alcoholic beverages, has increased over the past decade, thus increasing the risk of EC exposure. In this study, we estimated the EC content of 145 alcoholic beverages using gas chroma...

Scope We examined the association between carbohydrate intake from low‐, medium‐ and high‐glycaemic index (GI) foods and hyperlipidaemia among population with a high‐carbohydrate diet. Methods and results Our cross‐sectional study included a total of 93,870 participants in the Health Examinees Study (HEXA). We calculated the odds ratio (OR)s and 9...

Reduced skeletal muscle mass in older populations is independently associated with functional impairment and disability, resulting in increased risk of mortality and various comorbidities. This study aimed to examine the association between major dietary pattern and low muscle mass among Korean middle-aged and elderly populations. A total of 8136 p...

Background Identifying dietary patterns that contribute to dyslipidemia development can inform prevention, nutritional counseling, and other treatment recommendations. Objective This study aimed to identify major dietary patterns and examine the association between these dietary patterns and dyslipidemia incidence by sex among Koreans. Design The...

Purpose This study was to see the effects of a balanced Korean diet (BKD) on metabolic risk factors in overweight or obese Korean adults, comparing with those of a typical American diet (TAD) and a diet recommended by the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (2010DGA). Methods The study was designed as a randomized crossover controlled trial, in...

It is well known that reducing consumption of sugar is a global public health priority. Beverages were the primary source of total sugar intake from processed foods. However, there are few studies investigating the trend of beverage consumption among children and adolescents in Korea. We examined the overall trend in beverage consumption among 11,9...

Background Diet is an important risk factor contributing to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated metabolic co-morbidities (obesity or metabolic syndrome). This study aimed to investigate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and NAFLD risk according to sex among Korean adults. Methods We inc...

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of foodborne viruses in reservoirs (an important resource of irrigation water) and its correlation with environmental and weather factors. From May 2017 to November 2018, we visited ten reservoirs and a river in the Anseong region of South Korea and collected a total of 192 samples in accordance with t...

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are environmental pollutants, and dietary intake is a major route of human exposure to them. We aimed to see the effects of washing, soaking, and cooking (grilling, braising, frying, and steaming) on the change of PFCs in mackerel fillets and PFCs before and after each treatment were analyzed using LC‐MS/MS. Washing...

This study investigated the blood lipid levels of 5921 Chinese adults aged >18 years using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. Diet information was collected through 3 day, 24 h recalls by trained professionals. The low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score was determined according to the percentage of energy obtained from carbohydrate, p...

Objectives Handgrip strength is an easy-to-assess indicator of overall muscle strength and can be used to evaluate health status. Although previous studies have reported an increase in grip strength due to aerobic exercise, such a study has not been conducted on Korean participants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on...

Background/objectives: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and results in vulnerability to fracture. Calcium and vitamin D are known to play an important role in bone health. Recently, potassium has been identified as another important factor in skeletal health. We examined the link between potassium intake and bone health among the Kor...

This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary flavonoid intake and the prevalence of obesity using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and percent body fat (%BF) according to sex among Korean adults. Based on the Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011, 23 118 adults in Korea were included. Dietary intakes...

The inconsistent results of epidemiologic studies suggest that the health effects of coffee vary depending on coffee consumption pattern, such as the type and amount of coffee intake. This study investigated the association between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean adults. In total, coffee consumption patterns in 14,132 par...

Background Handgrip strength is an easy-to-assess indicator of overall muscle strength and can be used to evaluate health status. Although previous studies have reported an increase in grip strength due to aerobic exercise, such a study has not been conducted on Korean participants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the frequency and quantity of coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Health Examinees study. A total of 130 420 participants (43 682 men and 86 738 women) were included in our study. Coffee consumption was categorized into 5 categories (0, <1, 1, 2–3, and ≥4 cups/day). W...

Despite the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids from fish or fish oil on cardiovascular diseases, limited information is available regarding the effects of oily fish in the diet on the risk of dyslipidemia. This study aimed to investigate the association between oily fish consumption and the incidence of dyslipidemia among Korean adults inclu...

This study was conducted to investigate associations between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and Korean food (KF) consumption and flavonoid intake from the 2015–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 6025 men and 8184 women (≥19 years) who completed a 24-h dietary recall and health examination were analyzed. The ind...

Background: Abnormal diet is considered to be an important risk factor for dyslipidemia. However, so far, most studies have focused on the association between single factors only, such as specific nutrients, foods, or dietary patterns, and dyslipidemia risk. This study aimed to examine the association of the joint interaction between dietary patte...

Background: The traditional Korean diet is relatively high in carbohydrate and low in fat and protein compared with diets of non-Asian populations. In recent decades, the rapid economic growth in Korea has led to lifestyle and dietary changes, with an increase in the prevalence of dyslipidemia, a risk factor for chronic diseases. Objective: To e...

Objectives: Recently, it has been suggested that potassium, in addition to calcium and vitamin D, exerts a beneficial effect on the skeleton; however, a few epidemiological evidences have reported on the effect of potassium intake. Thus, the current study was performed to investigate the association of potassium intake with bone health among the K...

Objective To investigate the effects of lifestyle-related factors on ischemic heart disease (IHD) according to body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels among Korean adults. Methods A total of 119,929 men and 89,669 women (from National Sample Cohort version 2.0, National Health Insurance Service) aged ≥20 years who were examine...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), a set of reference intake values, have served as a basis for guiding a balanced diet that promotes health and prevents disease in the general Korean population. In the process of developing DRIs, a systematic review has played an important role in helping the DRI committees ma...

It is well known that the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) increases the risk of developing obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there are not many studies investigating the link between SSBs and increased incidences of diseases in the Asian population, and in particular, in Korea. We explored the association of SSB consum...

Background: Both short and long sleep duration have been consistently studied as a risk factor for obesity, hyperglycemia and hypertension. In this cross-sectional study, we provide an updated analysis of the Health Examinees (HEXA) study on the association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurrence among Koreans age 40-69 yea...

PurposeThe development of prostate cancer may be impacted by environmental factors, including diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective cohort study among Japanese men. MethodsA total of 43,469 men who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based P...