Sandra Sendra

University of Granada | UGR · Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications

Essential oils are a valuable raw material for several industries. Low-cost methods cannot detect its adulteration; specialised equipment is required. In this paper, we proposed the use of gas sensors to detect the adulteration process in the essential oil of Cistus ladanifer. Gas sensors are used in a measuring chamber to measure pure and adultera...

The monitoring of the coastal environment is a crucial factor in ensuring its proper management. Nevertheless, existing monitoring technologies are limited due to their cost, temporal resolution, and maintenance needs. Therefore, limited data are available for coastal environments. In this paper, we present a low-cost multiparametric probe that can...

The development of low-cost systems for measuring medical parameters is currently an important issue since this type of system ensures that any sector of the population can access these technologies. Likewise, pandemic situations, such as the one experienced some months ago due to SARS-CoV-2, require the rapid availability of diagnostic devices. On...

Agriculture Farming activity near to rivers and coastal areas sometimes imply spills of chemical and fertilizers products in aquifers and rivers. These spill highly affect the water quality in rivers’ mouths and beaches close to those rivers. The presence of these elements can worse the quality for its normal use, even for its enjoying. When this p...

En los últimos años, las diferentes univesidades con grados técnicos están verbalizando el hecho de que el porcentaje de mujeres en carreras técnicas o ingenierías es muy bajo. Además, en muchas ocasiones, se usa como argumento justificativo que las habilidades prácticas para hombres y mujeres son distintas, para explicar esta desigualdad. En este...

In wireless ad hoc networks, neighbor discovery is necessary as an initial step. In this work we present LECDH (Low Energy Collision Detection Hello), an energy-aware randomized handshake-based neighbor discovery protocol for static environments. We carried out simulations through Castalia 3.2 simulator and compared LECDH with an existing protocol...

In this paper, a novel solution to avoid new infections is presented. Instead of tracing users' locations, the presence of individuals is detected by analysing the voices, and people's faces are detected by the camera. To do this, two different Android applications were implemented. The first one uses the camera to detect people's faces whenever th...

The use of precision agriculture is becoming more and more necessary to provide food for the world’s growing population, as well as to reduce environmental impact and enhance the usage of limited natural resources. One of the main drawbacks that hinder the use of precision agriculture is the cost of technological immersion in the sector. For farmer...

The remote location of agricultural fields leads to the difficulty of deploying Precision Agriculture (PA) systems as there is no Internet access in those areas. Therefore, the use of long-range wireless technologies such as LoRa can provide connectivity to rural areas and allow monitoring PA systems remotely. In this paper, a heterogeneous archite...

The role of agriculture in society is vital due to factors such as providing food for the population, is a major source of employment worldwide, and one of the most important sources of revenue for countries. Furthermore, in recent years, the interest in optimizing the use of water resources has increased due to aspects such as climate change. This...

Water is a natural resource necessary for life that must be taken care of. In coastal areas with near agricultural activity, it is very common to detect spills of chemical products that affect water quality of rivers and beaches. This water usually reaches the sea with bad consequences for nature and, therefore, it is important to detect where poss...

The presence of illicit discharges in sewerage systems generates an important impact in wastewater treatment plants and the ecosystem. In this paper, we present two prototypes for monitoring the presence of solids in wastewater and to study the effect of the water height. The prototypes are based on color and infrared LEDs and two photosensors loca...

Continuous monitoring of diabetic patients improves their quality of life. The use of multiple technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), embedded systems, communication technologies, artificial intelligence, and smart devices can reduce the economic costs of the healthcare system. Different communication technologies have made it possible...

The number of forest fires that occurred in recent years in different parts of the world is causing increased concern in the population, as the consequences of these fires expand beyond the destruction of the ecosystem. However, with the proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) industry, solutions for early fire detection should be developed....

The fifth-generation mobile initiative, 5G, is a tremendous and collective effort to specify, standardize, design, manufacture, and deploy the next cellular network generation. 5G networks will support demanding services such as enhanced Mobile Broadband, Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications and massive Machine-Type Communications, which w...

In recent years, the organization of cross-country and popular races where hundreds of people participate has become a significant trend. In these events, runners usually subject the body to extreme situations that can lead to various types of indisposition, and they can also suffer falls. Currently, the electronic systems used in this type of race...

Routing protocols are needed in networking to find the optimal path to reach the destination. However, networks are changing both their use finality and their technology. Paradigms like Software Defined Networks (SDNs) introduce the possibility and the necessity to improve the routing protocols. In this paper, a modification of the Open Shortest Pa...

Multimedia transmissions require a high quantity of resources to ensure their quality. In the last years, some technologies that provide a better resource management have appeared. Software‐defined networks (SDNs) are presented as a solution to improve this management. Furthermore, by combining an SDN with artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, n...

Smart city and the Internet of Things (IoT) represent the future in the urban areas. The combination of different systems aimed to monitor different aspects of the smart city (such as e-health, air quality monitoring, gas, water and electricity monitoring, or emergency situations detection among others) can be used to create a more sustainable and...

Disability is nowadays an issue present in the society. People affected by some disability usually have problems to carry out their daily tasks due to their dependency. Inside the known disabilities, the blindness is perhaps one of the most problematic ones due to the fact of not being able to freely move for fear of encountering some obstacle. We...

New technologies have the potential to transform agriculture and to reduce environmental impact through a green revolution. Internet of Things (IoT)-based application development platforms have the potential to run farm management tools capable of monitoring real-time events when integrated into interactive innovation models for fertirrigation. The...

The transport of sensitive products is very important because their deterioration may cause the value lost and even the product rejection by the buyer. In addition, it is important to choose the optimal way to achieve this end. In a data network, the task of calculating the best routes is performed by routers. We can consider the optimal path as th...

Currently, most of remote education systems use video streaming as the main basis to support teaching. These emissions can be seen in devices with different hardware features such as personal computers, tablets or smartphones through networks with different capacities. The use of different web browsers and coding options can also influence the netw...

The Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a disorder that causes frequent pauses in breathing during sleep. This disorder can cause early death, hypertension, etc. Approximately the 4% of the population suffers this disorder. In order to diagnose, it is required a polysomnography (PSG) which s is an expensive test and requires the patient’s hospitalizat...

The evolution of the information and communication technologies (ICT) and the need to solve and improve some services in large cities such as environmental monitoring, health, traffic, etc., day by day, new sensors capable of taking parameters of the environment are developed. These sensors must be integrated into larger networks and, in turn, thes...

Aquaculture is a growing industry, and its sustainability is crucial. One of its major environmental impacts is the uneaten feed that pollutes the water. To minimize the uneaten feed, many systems have been developed. Nevertheless, current systems can be improved by considering the fish position in the tank and the falling feed. In this paper, we p...

The use of sensors has increased in the last years. They allow the real-time monitoring and reduce the processing cost because most of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) do not require the intervention of people to perform the measurement. Sensors are useful for industrial processes that can imply some danger for workers. These devices also make easy...

The Internet of vehicles (IoV) provides new opportunities for the coordination of vehicles for enhancing safety and transportation performance. Vehicles can be coordinated for avoiding collisions by communicating their positions when near to each other, in which the information flow is indexed by their geographical positions or the ones in road map...

Smart Communities demand a huge amount of data to monitor different human activities. Until now, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have provided these data with a low cost and low intelligence networks. However, the constraints and the required baseline performance of WSNs have increased exponentially, and there is a lack of a global proposal to sati...

Control over water usage for irrigation purposes is a key factor in order to achieve the sustainability in agriculture. The irrigation of urban lawns represents a high percentage of the urban water usage. The use of information and communication technology (ICT) offers the possibility of monitoring the grass state in order to adjust the irrigation...

Wireless sensor networks are a technology in full evolution with great future and a huge quantity of applications. This document lists some of the limitations existing in WSN networks. In addition, several existing techniques are collected to maximize the network's lifetime, demonstrating that efficient use of energy is very important to achieve th...

Smart cities provide new applications based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Moreover, Software Defined Networks (SDNs) offer the possibility of controlling the network based on applications requirements. One of the main problems that arise when an emergency happens is minimizing the delay time in emergency resource forwarding so as to reduc...

Improving the sustainability in agriculture is nowadays an important challenge. The automation of irrigation processes via low-cost sensors can to spread technological advances in a sector very influenced by economical costs. This article presents an auto-calibrated pH sensor able to detect and adjust the imbalances in the pH levels of the nutrient...

The monitoring of farming processes can optimize the use of resources and improve its sustainability and profitability. In fish farms, the water quality, tank environment, and fish behavior must be monitored. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a promising option to perform this monitoring. Nevertheless, its high cost is slowing the expansion of it...

One of the main advantages of IPTV is the full duplex capability communication between the TV provider and the clients. This interactivity allows the TV providers to obtain extra information from the clients. Moreover, the clients could even take profit of this type communication to allow surfing between videos. This feature cannot be used in Digit...

According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimations, one out of five adults worldwide will be obese by 2025. Worldwide obesity has doubled since 1980. In fact, more than 1.9 billion adults (39%) of 18 years and older were overweight and over 600 million (13%) of these were obese in 2014. 42 million children under the age of five were overweigh...

Current forecasts predict that the Industrial Internet of Things will account for about 10 billion devices by 2020. Simultaneously, unlicensed low-power wide area networks are gaining momentum due to their low cost, low power, and long range characteristics, which are suitable for many IIoT applications, in addition to the usage of unlicensed bands...

The field of agriculture is extremely climate change, intra- and inter-seasonal variations cause temperatures to rise and variations in rainfall, which decreases seasonal crop yields and increases the probability of short-term crop failures and a reduction in long-term production. However, this relationship between climate change and agriculture ar...

Due to the high attenuation of the water at high frequencies, underwater communications in freshwater are not being investigated so much. Many current underwater communication systems are based on acoustic or optical techniques. The use of electromagnetic (EM) waves in this medium, even in short distances, increases the bandwidth, which definitely...

En los últimos años las tecnologías TIC se han ido incorporando en los diferentes ámbitos de la enseñanza, desde las pizarras electrónicas para las clases magistrales hasta el uso de tabletas para la visualización de libros docentes en formato electrónico. De hecho, resulta cada vez más frecuente que los docentes empleen sus portátiles para present...

Debido a los cambios medioambientales, aumento demográfico o incluso la propia volatilidad de precios en los mercados, el sector agrícola necesita actualmente mejorar el manejo de los recursos agrarios. Las nuevas tecnologías son clave para mejorar la sostenibilidad en el sector agrícola y producir alimentos con calidad alimentaria contrastada. En...

La demanda de cursos de redes a distancia y semipresenciales está aumentando día a día en el sector de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC). Para realizar este tipo de cursos se precisa tener laboratorios específicos que permitan la conexión remota, por lo que requieren que estén continuamente encendidos para su acceso. Este hecho...

Establecimiento de un método automatizado en el seguimiento del cultivo de césped para uso en la valoración de calidad en praderas urbanas mediante la tecnología y monitorización.  Posibilidad de empleo de monitorización con sensores para ejercer un mayor y mejor control sobre los recursos a contemplar para el mantenimiento de praderas de césped....

The use of pyrotechnics near to the historical heritage such as walls, facades, church, or fortifications of a city is nowadays a topic of discussion. There is not a clear legislation about the use of pyrotechnics near to these buildings and how they can be affected by the expansive wave generated by the use of harquebusiers, fireworks, and cannons...

The recreation of historical battles next to old buildings, walls, churches, fortifications or historical facades belonging to the historical heritage of a city, has always been a source of controversy and discussion. In the absence of a clear legislation about how these buildings can be affected by the use of blunderbusses and pyrotechnics, it is...

Sick children need a continuous monitoring, but this involves high costs for the government and for the parents. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) jointly with artificial intelligence and smart devices can reduce these costs, help the children and assist their parents. This paper presents a smart architecture for children'...

Nowadays, new technologies are focused on providing ubiquity and the possibility of accessing services from everywhere while reducing power consumption and the CO2 emissions in networking. Furthermore, the process of network virtualization is more and more used. However, both concepts are not currently treated as a set. For this reason, this paper...

The design of monitoring systems for marine areas has increased in the last years. One of the many advantages of wireless sensor networks is the quick process in data acquisition. The information from sensors can be processed, stored, and transmitted using protocols efficiently designed to energy saving and establishing the fastest routes. The proc...