Sándor Rózsa

Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem · Department of Personality and Health Psychology

Elméleti háttér : A nemzetközi szakirodalomban több, a spiritualitás mérését célzó mérőeszköz is fellelhető. Ezek közül az egyik legszélesebb körben alkalmazott és megbízható önjellemző kérdőív a Spirituális Egészségés Életorientáció Kérdőív (Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure, SHALOM). A kérdőív a spirituális jóllétet holisztikusan raga...

Immersion in the digital environment has been widely researched; however, the effects of adaptive and maladaptive schizotypal personality traits on immersion have received relatively little attention up till now. This study investigates the factors of personal immersion while using entertainment and digital communication applications and other vari...

This study explores the personal predispositions and dependencies while individuals use digital media and communication devices and analyses the statistical features of the Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire (ITQ) that is popular in assessing the personality trait-dependent reaction to mediated environments. The study evaluated 781 healthy graduate...

Objective: Stigma towards people with mental health problems is a growing issue across the world, to which healthcare providers might contribute. The aim of the present study was to explore psychiatrists' attitudes towards their patients and link them to psychosocial and professional factors. Methods: An online questionnaire was used to approach...

Research Paper INTERNATIONAL LEISURE REVIEW No. According to international studies, practising yoga has positive effects on the mental and physical health of the young generation and adults. Our study aimed to examine how yoga practice in physical education settings affects the subjective assessment of spirituality, the different aspects of well-be...

Aims Higher levels of externalizing characteristics, i.e. impulsivity, novelty seeking and aggression, could contribute to the development, progression and severity of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The present study aims to explore whether these externalizing characteristics together have a potential group-forming role in AUD using latent profile ana...

Background: The present COVID-19 epidemic has had a considerable impact on the mental health of individuals worldwide. Research projects suggests potential benefits of yoga practice for prevention, or as medical supplementation in relation to the present pandemic. This study investigated the association between yoga and health status, and how the...

Absztrakt Elméleti háttér: A járvány globális hatása tagadhatatlan az emberi kapcsolatokra, gaz-daságra, egészségügyre, (Trump, Igor, 2020). A COVID-19 járvány hosszan elhúzódó, folyamatos kitettség, veszély az emberek számára, nemtől, kortól, társadalmi hovatar-tozástól függetlenül. Azok a személyek, akik képesek megbirkózni és felépülni a jelentő...

Introduction: The adaptation to the effects of the recent pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-19 is essential for each age group of the society. In this situation, resilience and risk perception have privileged roles, thus their connection has already been examined in previous studies. Although other researches had discussed the effect of age, there are no...

Absztrakt Elméleti háttér: A COVID-19 vírus okozta járványhelyzet számos hatást gyakorol társa-dalmunkra, amelyhez az alkalmazkodás kulcsfontosságú minden korosztály számára. Ebben kiemelt szerepet játszik a reziliencia és a kockázatészlelés, amelyek kapcsolatát korábbi eredmények hangsúlyozzák. Bár mindkét jelenség esetében születtek tanulmá-nyok,...

Theoretical background: The global impact of the epidemic is undeniable on human relations , economy and health, (Trump, Igor, 2020). The COVID-19 epidemic is a long-lasting , continuous exposure, a danger to humans, regardless of gender, age or social affiliation. Individuals who are able to cope with and recover from significant stress or difficu...

Theoretical background: The Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) is a measurement tool that is commonly used to detect dysfunctional beliefs contributing to the emergence and onset of depressive symptoms. Although it has been primarily used for testing clinical populations, and various forms of the scale have been created, only a small body of litera...

Background Low self-esteem (LSE) has been associated with several psychiatric disorders, and is presumably influenced by transdiagnostic factors. Our study was based both on investigations of the relationship between depression and LSE (vulnerability, scar, reciprocal models) and on theories of cognitive factors contributing to the development and...

Background Responsibility of general practitioners (GPs) in delivering safe and effective care is always high but during the COVID-19 pandemic they face even growing pressure that might result in unbearable stress load (allostatic overload, AO) leading to disease. Objectives We aimed to measure AO of Hungarian GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic and...

A Gyermekfejlődési kérdőív az első olyan átfogó, standardizált hazai mérőeszköz, amely a fejlődés valamennyi lényeges területét igyekszik megragadni, és alkalmas a 0,5–7 éves kor közötti gyermekek problémáinak korai azonosítására és ezek monitorozására. A Gyermekfejlődési kérdőív egy könnyen kitölthető, a mindennapos tevékenységek megfigyelésén ala...

Háttér – A pedagógusok mentális egészségének megőrzése és fejlesztése kitüntetetten fontos, hiszen munkájukkal diákjaik szellemi, személyiségbeli és lelki fejlődéséhez is hozzájárulnak. A kiégés kockázata miatt a tanárok a szakmai továbbképzések mellett különösen igénylik a pszichológiai támogatást, ezért sürgetőnek tűnik a jóllétüket biztosító új...

Phylogenetic, developmental, and brain-imaging studies suggest that human personality is the integrated expression of three major systems of learning and memory that regulate (1) associative conditioning, (2) intentionality, and (3) self-awareness. We have uncovered largely disjoint sets of genes regulating these dissociable learning processes in d...

Background: Suboptimal treatment response during anti-depressive treatment is fairly common with the first antidepressant (AD) choice, followed by switching to another agent in the majority of cases. However, the efficacy of this strategy over continuation of the original agent is less solidly documented in real-life studies. The aim of our present...

Opinions about coronavirus vaccination – the role of healthcare workers in communication in December 2020 Introduction: Beliefs regarding coronavirus vaccination provide very actual and socially important area in mental health research. Objective: The aim of our study was to differentiate the opinions related to coronavirus vaccination (acceptance,...

Objective We aim to provide a publicly available Hungarian version of the BPAQ; compare the BPAQ factors to other personality traits; and compare both the original BPAQ factor structure provided by Buss and Perry (J. Pers. Soc. Psychol., 63, 1992, 452), the revised BPAQ‐SF factor structure by Bryant and Smith (J. Res. Pers., 35, 2001, 138), and the...

Background and Objectives: The role of affective temperament in the genesis and outcome of major mood disorders is well studied, but there are only a few reports on the relationship between panic disorder (PD) and affective temperaments. Accordingly, we aimed to study the distribution of affective temperaments (depressive (DE); cyclothymic (CT); ir...

Introduction: The long-lasting threat of COVID-19 makes it necessary to explore strategies to improve coping skills which enable us to master a balanced life in the face of adversity. Objective: To unravel the most challenging aspects of COVID-19 in a nonclinical adult population and identify predictors of lost balance and consequent allostatic...

Although clinicians have a long history of using drawings for personality and emotional assessment, the empirical validation of the drawings has been inconsistent. The goal of this study was to examine the validity of the Sixty-Second Drawing Test (SSDT) in predicting close relationships and depression. The sample consisted of 2,883 Hungarian stude...

Background: This study aimed to examine magical ideation and absorption traits across non-clinical and clinical groups to determine their potential adaptive and maladaptive functions. Method: We enrolled 760 healthy participants from neighboring communities (female = 53.2%). Moreover, we recruited 318 patients (female = 66.5%), which included 25, 1...

In analyzing responses and response times to personality questionnaire items, models have been proposed which include the so-called “inverted-U effect.” These models predict that response times to personality test items decrease as the latent trait value of a given person gets closer to the attractiveness of an item. Initial studies into these mode...

Háttér: A pszichózisra való sérülékenység feltárása és a korai intervenció a klinikai gyakorlat és a kutatások fontos részét képezik. A Mágikus Fogalomképzés Skála az egyik leggyakrabban alkalmazott önjellemző kérdőív, amelyet a pszichózisra való hajlam feltárására dolgoztak ki. Meglepő azonban, hogy a Mágikus Fogalomképzés Skála pszicho­ metriai j...

Elméleti háttér: A médiaeszközök számos típusa ismert. A személyes képességeken és a technikai lehetőségeken múlik azonban, hogy az információt fogadó fél a lehetőségek közül melyeket részesíti előnyben és milyen mértékben merül el a médiaeszközökön keresztül közvetített valóságban. A humán technológia álláspontja szerint a médiával való elmélyült...

Elméleti háttér: A Campbell és munkacsoportja (1996) által kidolgozott Énkép Egyértelműség Skála (Self-Concept Clarity Scale; SCCS) az énkép egyik strukturális jellemzőjének, önfogalmunk világosan és határozottan defi niált jellegének mérésére alkalmas eszköz. Cél: A tanulmányban bemutatjuk a kérdőív magyar változatát, és értékeljük annak pszichome...

Background and purpose: In this paper we present the Comprehensive Aphasia Test-Hungarian (CAT-H; Zakariás and Lukács, in preparation), an assessment tool newly adapted to Hungarian, currently under standardisation. The test is suitable for the assessment of an acquired language disorder, post-stroke aphasia. The aims of this paper are to present...

Contextual reactivity refers to the degree in which personality states are affected by contextual cues. Research into contextual reactivity has mainly focused on repeated measurement designs. In this paper, we propose a cross-sectional approach to study contextual reactivity. We argue that contextual reactivity can be operationalized as different r...

The aim of our research group is to examine the protection of mental health during a pandemic. In our April 2020 study, we ana- lyzed the association between stress, health anxiety and self-efficacy in terms of resilience. The study included 684 persons, arranged by parents and their children. Women are overrepresented in the sample. Based on the r...

Introduction: The Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC) is a frequently used questionnaire to measure the stigmatising attitudes of healthcare providers towards patients with mental health problems. Despite the widespread use of the OMS-HC, its latent factor structure has only been examined in Canada [1], Singapore [2] and I...

Background The Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC) is a widely used questionnaire to measure the stigmatising attitudes of healthcare providers towards patients with mental health problems. The psychometric properties of the scale; however, have never been investigated in Hungary. We aimed to thoroughly explore the factor...

Experimental studies of learning suggest that human temperament may depend on the molecular mechanisms for associative conditioning, which are highly conserved in animals. The main genetic pathways for associative conditioning are known in experimental animals, but have not been identified in prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of human te...

Human personality is 30-60% heritable according to twin and adoption studies. Hundreds of genetic variants are expected to influence its complex development, but few have been identified. We used a machine learning method for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to uncover complex genotypic-phenotypic networks and environmental interactions. The...

Introduction: The period of coronavirus pandemic caused psychological stress for the families. An important factor in coping with such stress is resilience that can be described as a successful adaption to circumstances. Aims: The current study aims to investigate stress, resilience, and their interactions within Hungarian families. Methods: 346 pa...

Intensified anxiety responses and even symptoms of post-traumatic stress are commonlyobserved under quarantine conditions. In this study, the effects on fear, anxiety and wellbeingof the recent pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 were investigated in a sample of otherwisehealthy Hungarians. Taking the family as a microsystem, differences in gender, age,...

The period of coronavirus pandemic caused psychological stress for the families. An important factor in coping with such stress is resilience that can be described as a successful adaption to circumstances. Aims: The current study aims to investigate stress, resilience, and their interactions within Hungarian families. Methods: 346 parent-child dya...

The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) has been widely used to measure the state and trait components of anxiety. We sought to develop a short, yet reliable and valid form of these scales for use in circumstances where the full‐form is not feasible. We abbreviated the scales using item response theory analyses to retain the items that...

Background and aims The importance of personality characteristics in the diagnostics and treatment of gambling disorder (GD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) is often highlighted in scientific literature. This study aimed to test predictions about the associations of temperament and character in chronic AUD patients with comorbid GD symptoms and with...

The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory has been widely used to measure state and trait components of anxiety. We sought to develop a short, yet reliable and valid form of these scales for use in circumstances where the full‐form is inappropriate. Using three large samples (total N = 3399, age-range = 16-90) we abbreviated the scales based on...

Background: Volunteer activities make a significant contribution to the public good and they are also proven to be advantageous for the volunteers themselves. Recruitment, selection or retention of volunteers are all important issues for the volunteer sector. Thus, it is very important to examine if volunteers and non-volunteers show different pers...

Various mixture modeling approaches have been proposed to identify within-subjects differences in the psychological processes underlying responses to psychometric tests. Although valuable, the existing mixture models are associated with at least one of the following three challenges: (1) A parametric distribution is assumed for the response times t...

Háttér: Az abszorpció mérésére a leggyakrabban a 34 tételes Tellegen Abszorpció Skálát alkalmazzák. Az önjellemző mérőeszköz széles körű elterjedtségének ellenére viszonylag csekély azon közlemények száma, amelyek a mérőeszköz részletes pszichometriai jellemzőinek feltárására (pl. faktorszerkezet, skálák belső konzisztenciája) irányulnak. Célkitűzé...

Stress, anxiety and depression are closely linked; depression is the leading cause of disability in adults under the age of 45. In the EU, Hungary is the Member State with the largest share of population reporting depressive symptoms (10.5%). Coping with stress is an important element in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Yoga is a commonly used tool...

A Gyermek Tevékenységelemző Kérdőívvel (Child Occupation Self Assessment, COSA) szerzett eredmények hasznos támpontul szolgálhatnak a fiatal mozgáskorlátozott személyekkel foglalkozó terapeutáknak abban, hogy a gyermekek/tanulók tevékeny-ségbeli kompetenciáit és értékeit felmérjék. Tanulmányunkban a COSA magyar változatának felhasználásával szerzet...

Háttér és célkitűzések: Diádikus kapcsolatokban vagy interakciókban résztvevő személyek gyakran hatást gyakorolnak egymás megismerési folyamataira, érzelmeire és viselkedésére. Kenny és munkatársai (Kenny és Cook, 1999; Kenny és mtsai, 2006) nevéhez köthető a diádikus adatok elemzésére létrehozott modell az Actor–Partner Interdependence Model (APIM...

This is a cross-sectional nonclinical sample study to examine the different levels of the Ipsiety Disturbance Model (IDM) for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (introduced by Sass and Parnas, 2003). Three faces of schizotypy were studied: diminished self-presence, hyper-reflexivity, and distortion in experience of own self and another person's self-...

Background and purpose: The relationship of schizophrenia and its milder, subclinical forms, with creativity has been in the centre of theoretical interest for decades, however, the systematic research of the topic only prevailed more recently. Purpose - Here we aimed to examine the connection between different schizotypal and non-schizotypal pers...

Elméleti háttér A téri tájékozódással kapcsolatos korai vizsgálatok eredményei szerint a szabadban zajló játék során megszerzett képességek, gyermek és felnőtt korban egyaránt csökkentik az idegen helyekre vonatkozó félénkséget. A gyermekkori játéktevékenység és a felnőttkori félelmek összehasonlító vizsgálatát azonban nehezíti a játéktevékenység k...

A szerzők áttekintést nyújtanak a magyarországi fogvatartottak családi kapcsolatainak dinamikai kutatásáról.

It is known that studying the differentiation of cognitive abilities is associated with many methodological challenges. In the recent years, methods have been developed to address these challenges. However, these methods require that the item scores of an intelligence test are combined into a composite score which may affect the power to detect the...

Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality integrates contributions from behavioral genetics, neurobiology, and psychology in the description of the human personality. The temperament and character inventory (TCI) is its assessment instrument. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the TCI has shown good psychometric properties. However, Portug...

Background: This study examines the Kerns' Security Scale (KSS) that is a self-report questionnaire to assess school-age children's certain family-related experiences, and is widely used in the United States and in certain European countries. Objectives: The aim of the present investigation is to review the factor structure of the KSS in Hungarian...

. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) is one of the most widely used instruments for measuring relationship quality. Considering the discrepancies across studies regarding the relationship of the underlying constructs of the DAS, the aim of the present study was to examine the factor structure of the scale by applying bifactor models using confirmato...

Introduction Using self-report assessment methods, the present study examined affective factors that influenced the gender specific use of a survey-based orientation strategy and landmark-based route-finding strategy in an unfamiliar environment. First, we analyzed the role of early navigation experiences and the influence of early parental attachm...

ALKALMAZOTT PSZICHOLÓGIA 2017, 17(2):73-108. 73 ÖSSZEFOGLALÓ Háttér, célkitűzések: Tanulmányunk újabb információkkal kíván szolgálni a vonásönbecsülés/-önértékelés jelenség méréséhez és értelmezéséhez. Két, hazánkban kevéssé ismert, vonás-önértékelés/önbecsülés kérdőív-Alapvető Önbecsülés (Basic Self-Esteem: BSE), valamint a Magönértékelések Skála...

This is the first report of the psychobiology of stress in BASE jumpers, one of the most dangerous forms of extreme sport. We tested the hypotheses that indicators of emotional style (temperament) predict salivary cortisol reactivity, whereas indicators of intentional goal-setting (persistence and character) predict salivary alpha-amylase reactivit...

Background Multiple factors influence the decision to enter a career in medicine and choose a specialty. Previous studies have looked at personality differences in medicine but often were unable to describe the heterogeneity that exists within each specialty. Our study used a person-centered approach to characterize the complex relations between th...

Associations between clusters of subjects sharing TCI subscales and specialties

Distribution of TCI subscales across subjects and specialties (all 169 subjects)

On behalf of the International Test Commission and the European Federation of Psychologists' Associations a world-wide survey on the opinions of professional psychologists on testing practices was carried out. The main objective of this study was to collect data for a better understanding of the state of psychological testing worldwide. These data...

Response times may constitute an important additional source of information about cognitive ability as it enables to distinguishing between different intraindividual response processes. In this paper, we present a method to disentangle interindividual variation from intraindividual variation in the responses and response times of 978 subjects to th...

A patient’s personality is the result of the dynamic interaction of a complex non-linear biopsychosocial system and the external environment to which she/he is continuously adapting to. This interaction is what leads the person to make self-directed choices for her/his well-being, for example, avoiding overeating or smoking. We investigated how tem...