Sander Münster

• Prof. Dr. phil.
• Professor (Assistant) at Friedrich Schiller University Jena

Although the digital humanities have traditionally been conceived as a text-based discipline, both digital visualization techniques as well as visual analysis are increasingly used for research in various humanities disciplines. Since there are several overlaps in epistemic cultures of visually oriented and digitally supported research in art and a...

Digital 3D modelling and visualization technologies have been widely applied to support research in the humanities since the 1980s. Since technological backgrounds, project opportunities, and methodological considerations for application are widely discussed in the literature, one of the next tasks is to validate these techniques within a wider sci...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a game changer in many fields, including cultural heritage. It supports the planning and preservation of heritage sites and cities, enables the creation of virtual experiences to enrich cultural tourism and engagement, supports research, and increases access and understanding of heritage objects. Despite some impress...

Numerous digital media repositories have been set up during recent decades, each containing plenty of data about historic cityscapes. In contrast, digital 3D reconstructions of no longer extant cityscapes have so far almost solely been performed for specific cases and via manual modelling techniques. Within the Jena4D research group, we are investi...

The current effort in 3D digitisation of heritage items poses new challenges in accommodating more and higher quality information to be associated with the 3D models that are of interest to users and stakeholders. The Europeana Data Model (EDM) is a metadata schema that distinguishes between the information related to the cultural heritage object a...

In this article the topic of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a teaching and learning content for the field of the Digital Humanities (DH) in higher education is examined in more detail. For this purpose, a definition of AI in the context of the DH is given first. Areas of the application of AI topics in European DH degree programme descriptions (Ma...

3D computer-based visualization refers to all those methodologies adopted to produce, represent, describe, transmit, and present graphically/visually digital 3D models in a way that is perceivable by the human eye. Visualization is one of the core aspects of 3D reconstruction because it is the most effective medium to synthesize complex data in a v...

This chapter introduces key concepts of 3D modeling in the humanities. A 3D model can represent a great variety of objects. The objects of 3D modeling of historical architecture are lost or extant buildings, their modifications, and designs that were never executed. These buildings are as much part of the cultural heritage as their plans. The chapt...

As this chapter shows, digital 3D reconstructions of historic architecture serve many purposes in research and related areas. This comprises answering research questions by creating a 3D model, preserving cultural heritage, communicating knowledge in education, and providing a structure for knowledge organization. The process of creating a 3D recon...

This chapter is proposed to provide an overview of the different types of legal rights and legislation relating to 3D reconstruction. Since reconstructions originate from various sources and comprise intellectual work by multiple persons, they affect different levels of legal and property rights, although the specific legal situation greatly depend...

The chapter introduces the concepts of the raw model and informative model; it clarifies the concept of semantic segmentation and defines the digital representation methods and 3D modeling techniques; finally, it lists the different configuration spaces of a 3D model in different software packages.

Currently, digital reconstructions are mainly a process in one single context by interdisciplinary workgroups using expert technologies. 3D reconstructions in the humanities are primarily created within long-term interdisciplinary projects. This chapter provides an overview of the team processes and workflows to create 3D reconstructions. Interdisc...

This chapter provides an overview of the scholarly communities in which the digital 3D reconstruction is used as a method. (Visual) digital humanities—besides digital heritage and humanities disciplines such as digital art history or digital archaeology—marks the disciplinary space in which 3D reconstruction in the humanities is discussed and metho...

Currently, a large variety of infrastructures are targeting 3D models. Recently, several overview reports on extant platforms and repositories [1–5] and 3D visualization frameworks and formats [6] were compiled. Infrastructures differ from services by including tools or services and facilities for operation. Particularly for 3D models, there is a m...

The documentation of the working steps, the decisions made in a reconstruction, the applied method, and the results form one of the cornerstones of scientific practice. Over the centuries, scientific publication established itself with fixed basic principles, such as verifiability of methods, objectivity, disclosure of sources, comprehensibility of...

In recent years, the cultural heritage (CH) sector has experienced a rapid evolution due to the introduction of increasingly powerful digital technologies and ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) solutions. As for many other domains, digital data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Extended Reality (XR) are opening up extraordinary oppor...

In recent years, the cultural heritage (CH) sector has experienced a rapid evolution due to the introduction of increasingly powerful digital technologies and ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) solutions. As for many other domains, digital data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Extended Reality (XR) are opening up extraordinary oppor...

Since the 2010s, various national and pan-European public infrastructures have been emerging around aggregation, viewing, and 3D heritage model collection. The purpose of this article is to focus on the current state and ecosystem for 3D models in Europe through (a) a review of published studies on users, objects, and demands (b) and an overview of...

This paper presents two different strategies for the exploitation of historical photographs and maps and their usage in a three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) space. In the first approach, over 4000 historical photographs of Jena are collected via a citizen competition. These images are filtered in a semi-automatic way and processed in...

Digital literacy and technologies are becoming increasingly important not only in university teaching but also in lifelong learning [1, 2]. Currently, most teaching activities in digital humanities aim at university students [3] or vocational education. The article highlights (1) current trends concerning digital humanities education on EU level, (...

Das Digital4Humanities Fachkonzept ist Output aus dem BMBF-geförderten Projekt Digital4Humanities, welches modulare Selbstlernformate zu digitalen Themen, Methoden und Verfahren in den Geisteswissenschaften erstellt hat. Es baut maßgeblich auf den Ergebnissen aus den Evaluationen zu diesen Formaten im Projekt auf, die mit Lehrenden und Studierenden...

This paper explores digital education for pupils in a humanities teaching-learning lab. So far, digital humanities educational approaches have been primarily aimed at students. Teaching-learning labs, in which students design, implement and evaluate teaching offers for pupils, have so far almost exclusively existed in STEM subjects.Based on a class...

Feedbackgabe und -nahme ist besonders in virtuellen und asynchronen Lernumgebungen von großer Bedeutung - für Lehrende und Lernende. Der hier vorliegende Leitfaden enstand im BMBF-geförderten Projekt Digital4Humanities, das sich mit der Digitalisierung von Forschungsmethoden für die Geisteswissenschaften auseinandersetzte. Mittels Videotutorials un...

This article focuses on findings from the Digital4Humanities project, which has been producing video tutorials with lecturers from across Europe for the last 2.5 years, explaining digital research tools to Humanities students.

Photographs and other images as well as textual information and documents serve as important source materials and provide a foundation for many subject-orientated and theory-based investiga-tions within historical studies e.g., architectural studies, art history, and cultural studies. The sources may be used for a (digital) reconstruction of a buil...

The study of architectural art history has greatly benefited from innovative, computer-aided approaches in recent years. From high resolution two-dimensional (2D) photos of building edifices, to three-dimensional (3D) models of entire structures, these emerging techniques are laying the foundation for new methodologies in researching architecture (...

Fotografien und andere Abbilder von Architektur dienen in vielen historischen Wissenschaften als Quelle und Grundlage für fach-und theoriespezifische Untersuchungen. So werden zum Beispiel historische Fotoaufnahmen herangezogen, um den Zustand eines Gebäudes zu rekonstruieren oder die Formensprache einer Epoche zu identifizieren. Ausgangspunkt dies...

This article gives an overview of the first student evaluation results from the BMBF-funded research project Digital4Humanities. As part of this, video tutorials on digital research methods and tools for students in the field of Humanities are being created in cooperation with lecturers across Europe. The videos and associated materials or data alr...

In research and policies, the identification of trends as well as emerging topics and topics in decline is an important source of information for both academic and innovation management. Since at present policy analysis mostly employs qualitative research methods, the following article presents and assesses different approaches – trend analysis bas...

The paper presents the concept of documentation and scientific validation of metadata for 3D digital reconstruction models in the light of current rules and guidelines.

The Kulturerbe4D project aims at making the diversity and change processes of architectural monuments in the urban context virtually visible and experienceable, especially for children and young people, but also for residents and tourists. A virtual city tour providing cultural and historical information is to be combined with the transfer of knowl...

Der Beitrag thematisiert das BMBF-geförderte Projekt Digital4Humanities 4, welches di-gitalisierte Selbstlerneinheiten, die digitale Forschungsmethoden in den Geisteswissenschaften via Videotutorials (und speziell Screencasts) vermitteln, untersucht. Diese werden seit 2020 mit Dozierenden an Hochschulen deutschland- und europaweit konzipiert, produ...

Digital literacy and technology education has gained much relevance in humanities and heritage related disciplines during the recent decades. Against this background, the purpose of this article is to examine the current state of educational programs in digital cultural heritage and related disciplines primarily in Europe with supplemental informat...

From 2016 to 2021 the research group HistStadt4D investigated and developed methods and technologies to transfer extensive repositories of historical photographs and their contextual information into a 3D spatial model, with an additional temporal component. The aim was to make content accessible to researchers and the public, via a 4D browser and...

Since more than 30 years digital 3D modelling methods have been used to support research and education about heritage and history. While an investigation on these topics is usually done from a perspective of digital humanities and cultural heritage, I investigate this topic by employing information studies methods from scientometrics, user behaviou...

One of the topics addressed by e-science research is the measurement of academic knowledge production based on electronic data and its relevance in defining the academic landscape. The author employs e-science methods to research cooperative authorships and scientific structures in a specific area of applied e-sciences: virtual 3D modelling in the...

Developments in information and communication technologies and their repercussions for how cultural heritage is preserved, used and produced are the subject of several research and innovation efforts in Europe. Advanced digital technologies create new opportunities for cultural heritage to drive innovation. Digital humanities are an important domai...

The process for automatically creating 3D city models from contemporary photographs and visualizing them on mobile devices is well established. 4D city models that can display a temporal dimension are far more complex to generate automatically. In this article, we focus on major challenges in the process of developing an automated pipeline, startin...

This book constitutes selected and revised papers from the Second International Conference on Research and Education in Urban History in the Age of Digital Libraries, UHDL 2019, held in Dresden, Germany, in October 2021. The 11 full papers presented in this volume were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 41 submissions. They are organized in the...

The process for automatically creating 3D city models from contemporary photographs and visualizing them on mobile devices is now well established, but historical 4D city models are more challenging. The fourth dimension here is time. This contribution describes an automated VR pipeline based on historical photographs and resulting in an interactiv...

As an essential step, design ideas generation is a process rooted in personal knowledge with a precedent-based type of reasoning, where knowledge is constantly transformed to develop new insights. An outstanding challenge in industrial design is transforming the inspirational source into insights that inform design. Based on the grounded theory, an...

The process for automatically creating 3D city models from contemporary photographs and visualizing them on mobile devices is now well established, but historical 4D city models are more challenging. The fourth dimension here is time. This article describes an automated VR pipeline based on historical photographs and resulting in an interactive bro...

Im Workshop wurden zu Beginn Slots von Videotutorials und insbesondere von Screencasts präsentiert, die unterschiedliche Facetten bezogen auf deren Umsetzung implementierten. Die Auswahl der gezeigten Videos basierte auf wesentlichen, wissenschaftlich elaborierten, Kriterien zu Inhalts- und Gestaltungserkenntnissen von Videotutorials im Hochschulko...

Digitisation has established itself as the change maker par excellence in business, science and society. Infrastructures, working methods and skills are at the forefront of many debates and increasingly determine the future viability of entire industries. We have obviously embraced the permanent change with increasing acceleration. But: Where is th...

The process for automatically creating 3D city models from contemporary photographs and visualizing them on mobile devices is now well established, but historical 4D city models are more challenging. The fourth dimension here is time. This contribution describes an automated VR pipeline based on historical photographs and resulting in an interactiv...

The data foci of digital humanities are texts, images and objects. While the use of digital methods in the text-oriented disciplines is currently widely established and standardized , a scope of digital methods related to images and other visual objects and basing on vision rather than close reading remains-despite various attempts-essentially undi...

Bilder sind eine der Hauptquellen für wissenschaftliche Arbeit im Bereich der Kunstgeschichte. Darüber hinaus stellen Bilder ein wertvolles Werkzeug für die wissenschaftliche Kommunikation und Publikation in der kunsthistorischen Forschung dar. Frühere Studien haben gezeigt, dass die Verfügbarkeit digitaler Bilder KunsthistorikerInnen vor Probleme...

Präsentation des Projektkonzepts

Urban development that strives to meet democratic ideals and the needs of all stakeholders must incorporate public participation. Contemporary participation processes may employ digital tools that open new possibilities regarding the range of participants and the intensity of participation. In particular, they can uniquely allow for large and diver...

Digitalization is more than ever the top topic in economics, science and societal developments. Infrastructures and competencies are at the forefront of many debates. The question of which industry is or will be affected by digitization next and to what extent is not only driving executives around. While information Technology innovations were some...

Sander Münster Die Begrifflichkeiten der 3D-Rekonstruktion → 3D-Rekonstruktion, Begriffe, Definitionen Digitale 3D-Rekonstruktion ein Wissenschaftsfeld mit vielfältigen disziplinären und-daraus folgend-terminologischen Bezügen. Vor diesem Hintergrund benennt und erläutert der vorliegende Aufsatz grundlegende Begriffe sowie Konzepte. Dabei hat der A...

Der Modelle Tugend 2.0 – Digitale 3D-Rekonstruktion als virtueller Raum der architekturhistorischen Forschung fasst die digitale 3D-Rekonstruktion als Bestandteil einer interdisziplinären objektbezogenen Forschung auf. Handbuchartig werden übergreifende Methoden an der Schnittstelle zwischen Archäologie, Kunst- und Architekturgeschichte einerseits...

SUMAC 2019 is the first workshop on Structuring and Understanding of Multimedia heritAge Contents. It is held in Nice, France on October 21, 2019 and is co-located with the 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia. Its objective is to present and discuss the latest and most significant trends and challenges in the analysis, structuring and u...

Online verfügbare Bildrepositorien stellen im digitalen Zeitalter insbesondere für KunsthistorikerInnen zunehmend wichtige Recherchewerkzeuge dar. Ziel der Nachwuchsforschungs-gruppe HistStadt4D ist es, multimediale Möglichkeiten zur Suche, 4D-Darstellung und Analyse von bestehenden Bilddigitalisaten zu entwickeln und damit ein neues Forschungswerk...

Video: https://vimeo.com/361749386 Article: http://bit.ly/2p6WGt7

What would the world look like if we could access documents from the past as easily as present day‘s data? Could we use it to derive better forecasts for the future? Can historical 4D simulations improve our knowledge about European history? Which innovative business models will promote tourism, transport and planning? The Time Machine consortium c...

Digital Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanities are, historically seen, in focus of different communities as well as approaching different research topics and - from an organizational point of view - departments. However, are they that different? The idea of this joint article involving digital humanists and heritage researchers is to examine comm...

The interdisciplinary research group on four-dimensional research and communication of urban history (Urban History 4D) aims to investigate and develop methods and technologies to access extensive repositories of historical media and their contextual information in a spatial model, with an additional temporal component. This will make content acces...

Digital heritage comprises a broad variety of approaches and topics and involves researchers from multiple disciplines. Against this background, this article presents a four-stage investigation on standards, publications, disciplinary cultures, as well as scholars in the field of digital heritage and particularly tangible objects as monuments and s...

The research group on four-dimensional research and communication of urban history (HistStadt4D) investigates and develops methods and technologies to transfer extensive repositories of historical photographs and their contex-tual information into a three-dimensional spatial model, with an additional temporal component. This will make content acces...

Traditionally, the conference „Communities in New Media (GeNeMe)“ examines organisational and information technology perspectives in the context of virtual enterprises, online communities, and social networks. As organisers of the „Knowledge Communities 2016“ conference at the Technische Universität Dresden, Nina Kahnwald, Thomas Köhler, Eric Schoo...

Methoden der nutzerzentrierten Evaluierung interaktiver Softwarewerkzeuge können die Umsetzung digitaler Arbeitstechniken in den Geisteswissenschaften wesentlich unterstützen. In diesem Workshop lernen Teilnehmende grundlegende Theorien und Methoden der User Experience und Usability kennen und anwenden. Als Beispiel eines zu testenden Bildrepositor...

Many institutions archive historical images of architecture in urban areas and make them available to scholars and the general public through online platforms. Users can explore these often huge repositories by faceted browsing or keyword-based searching. Metadata that enable these kinds of investigations, however, are often incomplete, imprecise,...

What would the world look like if we could access documents from the past as easily as present day‘s data? Could we use it to derive better forecasts for the future? Can historical 4D simulations improve our knowledge about European history? Which innovative business models will promote tourism, transport and planning? The Time Machine consortium c...

Recent improvements in the development of virtual reality technologies, allow for digital reconstructions to be explored in a more realistic and user friendly virtual environment. By comparing the perception of virtually reconstructed historical buildings via Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) with the perception of the actual buildings one can highlight...

The use of image libraries in the field of art and architectural history has been the subject of numerous research studies over the years. However, since previous investigations have focused, primarily, either on user behavior or reviewed repositories, our aim is to bring together both approaches. Against this background, this paper identifies the...

3D reconstructions are important media to educate and investigate history and to research cultural heritage. Against the background of networking and monitoring activities of the workgroup for Digital Reconstruction of the Association for Digital Humanities in the German-speaking area this paper is dedicated to showcase and systematise a range of c...

This contribution shows the work of the junior research group UrbanHistory4D within one year. It explains the different technical and educational approaches when working with media repositories composed of diverse historical data. The group covers technical aspects like photogrammetry, information sciences and Augmented Reality (AR) as well as huma...

Digital 3D modelling methods have been widely applied to support research in the humanities since the 1980s. Since an academic discourse on these methods is still highly applicationoriented, this article reports both completed and planned investigations that are part of an ongoing postdoc thesis work intending to draw a “big picture” of digital 3D...

Full text available as Open Access Publication via: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa2-334913. The 21.st Conference on Communities in New Media (GeNeMe) presents innovative technologies and processes for the organization, cooperation and communication in virtual communities and is a forum for professional exchange especially in the...

We aim to investigate and develop methods and technologies to transfer extensive repositories of historical media and their contextual information into a three-dimensional spatial model, with an additional temporal component. This will make content accessible to different target groups, researchers and the public, via a 4D browser. A locationdepend...

Digital 3D reconstruction methods have been widely applied to support research and the presentation of historical objects since the 1980s. Whereas 3D reconstruction has been incorporated into a multitude of research applications, essential methodological foundations for more widespread utilisation of digital reconstructions have yet to be developed...

Are Digital Cultural Heritage and Digital Humanities just two sides of the same medal? Both concepts deal with cultural heritage objects, employ digital technologies, often in cross-disciplinary settings , as well as comprise numerous research topics and activities. Despite these communalities, there is not much overlap between related scholarly co...

What would the world look like if we could access documents from the past as easily as present day‘s data? Could we use it to derive better forecasts for the future? Can historical 4D simulations improve our knowledge about European history? The Time Machine FET flagship builds a large scale simulator depicting 2,000 years of European history.